Unit 5: Quest - Chapter 16: The Gilded Age Flashcards
(26 cards)
Define the term: Robber Barons
Titans of industry called Robber Barons because of their harsh and tough dealings with people. Symbolized by greed and callousness in business
Name at least 2 of the Robber Barons
Cornelius Vanderbilt James J Jill Andrew Carnegie John D. Rockefeller James Buchanan Duke J.P. Morgan
Define the term: Vertical Integration
Controlling all of the processes from the mine to the production of the finished product (cow to butcher shop)
Who invented the telephone
Alexander Graham Bell, except not really, it was Antonio Meucci
Name the most prolific inventor in the United States
Thomas Edison
Define the term: “Spoiled System”
The term used for those who would appoint friends and allies, regardless of qualifications to positions
Define the term: Stalwarts
Members of the Republican Party who favored high tariffs, hard money, and the spoils system. Fought against Half-Breeds
Define the term: Half-Breeds
Moderate republicans who favored reform. Fought against the Stalwarts
Who was on the “unity” or “compromise” ticket 1880?
James Garfield (Half-Breed) - President Chester A. Arthur (Stalwart) - Vice President
Who was the first Democrat elected after the civil war?
Grover Cleveland
What is Grover Cleveland’s claim to fame in regards to the President
Only President to serve 2 non-consecutive terms
What was the chief policy concern of President Presidents in the late 1880’s
Tariff’s and taxes
Define the term: Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Made it illegal to create a monopoly
What were the 4 key issues from 1870 on
Civil Service Reform, government corruption, tariffs, regulation of trust’s/monopolies.
Where did businessmen turn to for labor in the late 1800’s and why?
Child and women labor - it was cheaper than men
Define the term: Knights of Labor
Society of skilled and unskilled workers who advocated for worker reform
Why did labor unrest increase?
Working conditions, child labor, exploitation of workers, long work days.
Define the term: Populism
A political approach that strives to appeal to the ordinary people who feel their concerns are not addressed by who they view as the elite
Define the term: New Immigration
The term coined for immigrants coming from places which had not previously been a source of immigration (Italy, China, France, Russia)
Define the term: Darwinism
Survival of the fittest / natural selection
Define the term: Social Darwinism
Application of survival of the fittest onto social and business institutions
What are the two styles that gain prominence in the late 19th century
Naturalism & Realism
Define the term: Naturalism
Art/creative endeavors dealing with man’s helplessness in the face of nature
Define the term: Realism
A shift in focus from exotic, foreign characters to more relatable, every day characters.
