Unit 5: States of Consciousness

Question 1

State of being away and aware of one’s surroundings

Answer 1

Consciousness

Question 2

Periodic, natural loss of consciousness - as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation

Answer 2

Sleep

Question 3

Biological clock, regular body Ruth’s (ex: body temperature) that occur on a 24-hour cycle

Answer 3

Circadian Rhythm

Question 4

Rapid eye movement, recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur known as paradoxical sleep because muscles are relaxed, other body systems are active.

Answer 4

REM Sleep

Question 5

Relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awakening state

Answer 5

Alpha Waves

Question 6

Non-rapid eye movement sleep, encompasses all stages except for REM

Answer 6

NREM Sleep

Question 7

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of visual stimulus

Answer 7

Hallucinations

Question 8

Bizarre experiences, such as jerking or feeling of falling or floating weightlessly while transitioning to sleep

Answer 8

Hypnagogic Sensations

Question 9

Large, slow brain waves associated with the deep sleep of NREM-3

Answer 9

Delta Waves

Question 10

Pair of cell clusters in the hypothalamus that controls circadian rhythm. In response to light SCN causes pineal gland to adjust melatonin production, modifying feelings of sleepiness

Answer 10

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Question 11

Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep

Answer 11

Insomnia

Question 12

Sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks, sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times

Answer 12

Narcolepsy

Question 13

Sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakening

Answer 13

Sleep Apnea

Question 14

Sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified, unlike nightmares, these occur during NREM-3 which two or three hours of falling asleep, are seldom remembered

Answer 14

Night Terrors

Question 15

Sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind

Answer 15

Dream

Question 16

According to Freud, the symbolic, remembered story line of a dream (as distinct from latent content)

Answer 16

Manifest Content

Question 17

According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (as distinct from the manifest content)

Answer 17

Latent Content

Question 18

Tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation

Answer 18

REM rebound

Question 19

Chemical substance that alters perception and moods

Answer 19

Psychoactive drugs

Question 20

Disorder characterized by continued substance craving and use despite significant life disruption and/or physical risk

Answer 20

Substance Use Disorder

Question 21

Diminishing effort with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drugs effects

Answer 21

Tolerance

Question 22

Discomfort and distress that follow discontinued use of an addictive drug or behavior

Answer 22

With-drawl

Question 23

Drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

Answer 23

Depressants

Question 24

Knows as alcoholism, marked by tolerance, withdrawal, and a drive to continue problematic use

Answer 24

Alcohol Use Disorder

Question 25

Drugs that depress central nervous system activity, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement

Answer 25

Barbiturates

Question 26

Opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin, depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

Answer 26

Opiates

Question 27

Drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines, methamphetamines, and ecstasy) that excites neural activity and speeds up bodily functions

Answer 27

Stimulants

Question 28

Stimulating and highly addictive drug found in tobacco

Answer 28

Nicotine

Question 29

Powerful and addictive stimulant derived from the coca plant, produces temporary increased alertness and euphoria

Answer 29

Cocaine

Question 30

Drugs such as methamphetamine, that stimulate neural activity, causing accelerated bodily functions and associated energy and mood changes

Answer 30

Amphetamines

Question 31

Powerfully addictive during that stimulate CNS system, with accelerated body functions and associated energy and mood changes, over time, reduces baseline dopamine levels

Answer 31

Methamphetamine

Question 32

Synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but why short-term health risks and long-term harm to serotonin producing neurons and to mood and cognitions

Answer 32

Ecstasy (MDMA)

Question 33

Psychedelic drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in absence of sensory input

Answer 33

Hallucinogens

Question 34

Altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as cardiac arrest) often similar to drug-induced hallucinations

Answer 34

Near-death experience

Question 35

Powerful hallucinogenic drug known as acid

Answer 35

LSD

Question 36

Major active ingredient in marijuana, triggers a variety of effects including mild hallucinations

Answer 36

THC