unit 5 test

Question 1

runoff

Answer 1

Water flowing along the surface

Question 2

infiltration

Answer 2

water seeping into the ground

Question 3

Evaporate

Answer 3

what are going back into the atmosphere

Question 4

permeability(PSAT)

Answer 4

the way water moves into other materials and how fast it is

Question 5

slope of the land

Answer 5

infiltration less runoff more

Question 6

vegetation cover

Answer 6

infiltration more runoff more

Question 7

porosity

Answer 7

% of airspace

Question 8

factors affecting porosity
(what are the factors affecting porosity)

Answer 8

1.shape
-particles more rounded porosity increases
2.packing
-as particles become more tightly packed porosity decreases
3.sorting
-as particles become more unsorted porosity decreases
4.SIZE
-particle size can go up or down but porosity will remains the SAME

Question 9

Aquifer

Answer 9

layer of rock which holds moisture

Question 10

capillary action

Answer 10

ability of water to move upward through a material

Question 11

stream discharge

Answer 11

amount of water flowing through a stream
highest during a water Surplus(PSAT)
lowest during water deficit(PSAT)

Question 12

Weathering

Answer 12

the physical or chemical breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces

Question 13

oxidation

Answer 13

when oxygen(H2Ov) unites chemical material
“Rust”

Question 14

Hydration

Answer 14

when H2O unites chemically with a material

Question 15

physical weathering

Answer 15

the breakdown of rocks by applying some Force

Question 16

Frost action

Answer 16

alternate freezing and thawing of H2O, as H2O freezes it expands

Question 17

Abrasion

Answer 17

as a rocks are moved along the Earth’s surface they rub into each other

Question 18

plants and animals

Answer 18

plant roots work their way into cracks within rocks exerting pressure and causing them to crack

Question 19

factors affecting the rate and type of weathering
(What are the factors affecting the rate and type of weathering)

Answer 19

1.Exposure
-in order to weather rocks need to be at or near the earths surface
2.particles Size
-As a rock breaks into pieces, the surface area increases, therefore the rate of weathering increases
3.Mineral Composition
-Rocks made up of harder minerals will take longer weather.
4.Climate
-Average weather conditions over a long period of time

Question 20

Soil

Answer 20

broken up pieces of rock and biological activity

Question 21

Erosion

Answer 21

The movement of loose material along the earths surface

Question 22

{TSE} Transporting systems of Erosion
(what are the ways of Transporting systems of Erosion)

Answer 22

1.Gravity
2.running water
3.Wave Action
4.Glacier
5. wind
*6. people
In order from most to least

Question 23

{TSE}
Gravity

Answer 23

force that pulls objects towards the earth
driving force behind all erosion

Question 24

{TSE}
Wave Action

Answer 24

when blowing over a large body of water creating friction which transfers to energy from the wind to the body of water.

Question 25

{TSE} Running water

Answer 25

predominant agents of erosion

Question 26

{TSE} Glacier

Answer 26

a large body of ice Over land, consisting of red recrystallized which flows

Question 27

Soil Conservation

Answer 27

techniques developed to guard against the loss of soil.

Question 28

{TSE} Wind

Answer 28

action of when picking up small loose material

Question 29

solution

Answer 29

dissolved

Question 30

suspension

Answer 30

carried by being held up within the water

Question 31

Saltation (Bedload)

Answer 31

Bouncing, rolling along the stream bottom.

Question 32

Stream Abrasion

Answer 32

grinding and scraping off one rock into another caused by the flow of water.

Question 33

shape valleys

Answer 33

V shaped valleys for Rivers

Question 34

stream velocity

Answer 34

As Stream velocity increase, the amount of erosion increase

Question 35

factors affecting velocity (what are the factors affecting velocity)

Answer 35

1.gradient -the steeper the slope the greater velocity of the water 2.discharge - the volume of H2O flowing Downstream as discharge increases the velocity of water increases 3.Channel shape -water travels faster in the center and it is just below the surface -water travels faster on the outside of the curve and just below the surface

Question 36

what are the two types of glaciers

Answer 36

1.Valley glaciers -forms at high elevation in the depression of the Mountainside 2.Ice sheet -huge sheets of ice which spread over great distances *u-shaped valleys* *unsorted sediments*

Question 37

people and erosion (what are the main causes of people eroding the Earth)

Answer 37

1.construction 2.deforestation 3.mining 4. poor farming practices