Unit 5 Vocab

Question 0

The biological clock; regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24 hour cycle

Answer 0

Circadian rhythm

Question 1

Our awareness of ourselves and our environment

Answer 1

Consciousness

Question 2

Rapid eye moment sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active.

Answer 2

REM sleep

Question 3

The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state.

Answer 3

Alpha waves

Question 4

Periodic, natural loss of consciousness- as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation

Answer 4

Sleep

Question 5

False sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus

Answer 5

Hallucinations

Question 6

The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep

Answer 6

Delta waves

Question 7

Non-rapid eye movement sleep; encompasses all sleep stages except for REM sleep

Answer 7

NREM sleep

Question 8

A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The suffer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times

Answer 8

Narcolepsy

Question 9

A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakening

Answer 9

Sleep apnea

Question 10

A sleep disorder characterized by a high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during stage 4 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered

Answer 10

Night terrors

Question 11

A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamers delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it

Answer 11

Dream

Question 12

According to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream (as distinct from its latent, or hidden, content)

Answer 12

Manifest content

Question 13

According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream ( as distinct from its manifest content)

Answer 13

Latent content

Question 14

The tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation ( created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep)

Answer 14

REM rebound

Question 15

A social interaction in which one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings thoughts or behaviors will spontaneously occur

Answer 15

Hypnosis

Question 16

A suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors

Answer 16

Posthypnotic suggestions

Question 17

A split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others

Answer 17

Dissociation

Question 18

A chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

Answer 18

Psychoactive drug

Question 19

The diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug’s effect

Answer 19

Tolerance

Question 20

The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug

Answer 20

Withdrawal

Question 21

A psychological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued

Answer 21

Physical dependence

Question 22

A psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions

Answer 22

Psychological dependence

Question 23

Compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences

Answer 23

Addiction

Question 24

Drugs ( such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce activity and slow body functions

Answer 24

Depressants

Question 25

Drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement

Answer 25

Barbiturates

Question 26

Opium and it’s derivatives, ( such as morphine and heroin); they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

Answer 26

Opiates

Question 27

Drugs ( such as caffeine, nicotine, and more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up the body functions

Answer 27

Stimulants

Question 28

Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing sped-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes

Answer 28

Amphetamines

Question 29

A powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with sped-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels

Answer 29

Methamphetamine

Question 30

An altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death ( such as cardiac arrest); often similar to drug- induced hallucinations

Answer 30

Near-death experience

Question 31

The major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations

Answer 31

THC

Question 32

Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep

Answer 32

Insomnia

Question 33

A synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short term health risks and longer term harm to serotonin producing neurons and to mood and cognition.

Answer 33

Ecstasy ( MDMA)

Question 34

Psychedelic drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

Answer 34

Hallucinogens

Question 35

A powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid

Answer 35

LSD