Unit 6

Question 1

The ______________ cycle does not involve the atmosphere.

Answer 1

phosphorus

Question 2

A crab ate an algae. The crab is a ___________.

Answer 2

tertiary consumer

Question 3

Benthos are ____.

Answer 3

bottom-dwelling aquatic organisms

Question 4

Archaea, Bacteria, Protist, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia are the ________ of life

Answer 4

kingdoms

Question 5

There are more organisms at the top than at the bottom of the pyramid because of the amount of energy lost due to ____.

Answer 5

heat energy

Question 6

What types of organisms are nitrogen-fixing bacteria in an aquatic ecosystem?

Answer 6

cyanobacteria

Question 7

What is a decomposer?

Answer 7

a special type of consumer that feeds off dead and decaying matter for its energy

Question 8

Why is carbon the element of life?

Answer 8

because it is found in all living things

Question 9

What is symbiosis?

Answer 9

a relationship in which two unlike species live in close association with each other.

Question 10

Giant squid can also be found within the ___________ zone.

Answer 10

bathypelagic zone

Question 11

What is a species?

Answer 11

a group of organisms that are closely related and are able to mate and produce fertile offspring

Question 12

Nitrogen is found in ___.

Answer 12

All of these (DNA, fertilizers, amino acids)

Question 13

What is mutualism?

Answer 13

a relationship in which two different species benefit each other

Question 14

Fish use osmoregulation to adapt to changes in ____.

Answer 14

salinity

Question 15

What are some things that an ecosystem needs in order to survive?

Answer 15

water, minerals, nutrients, oxygen, organisms, and energy

Question 16

What is biotic?

Answer 16

• factors that are living things, as well as the things that were once living
• include all 6 kingdoms of life

Question 17

What is commenalism?

Answer 17

a relationship in which one species benefits from another species without harming or helping that species

Question 18

Why is nitrogen important to all living things?

Answer 18

• It is part of nucleic acids, which help to build DNA
• It is a part of amino acids, which help build proteins.

Question 19

What is niche?

Answer 19

• encompasses a species’ physical home, the environmental factors the species needs to survive, and all interactions with other species in the same ecosystem
• unique role that is played in an ecosystem by a species

Question 20

What is an ecosystem?

Answer 20

all the organisms in a certain area living together and interacting with each other, as well as with their environment

Question 21

What is a habitat?

Answer 21

the environment in which an organism lives

Question 22

What is abiotic?

Answer 22

• make up the environment of an ecosystem and include many nonliving things, such as rocks, sand, light, and temperature
• oxygen and water
• nonliving things that affect an ecosystem, such as energy, mineral nutrients

Question 23

The relationship between remoras and sharks is an example of ____.

Answer 23

commenalism

Question 24

What are some freshwater ecosystems?

Answer 24

ponds, lakes, rivers

Question 25

What is a community?

Answer 25

all the populations of all the different species living together in the same place and interacting with each other

Question 26

What is the basis of classification for the phylum level?

Answer 26

body structure

Question 27

Eubacteria are/have ____.

Answer 27

prokaryotic, unicellular, blue-green algae

Question 28

What is a consumer?

Answer 28

an organism that feeds off other organisms for its energy

Question 29

How does burning fossil fuels affect the carbon cycle?

Answer 29

- When burning fossil fuels additional carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere - Excess carbon dioxide causes the carbon cycle to function improperly and probably cause global warming. - Carbon dioxide is released in an amount greater than what can be used by plants for photosynthesis or is able to be absorbed by the ocean.

Question 30

What is true about osmosis?

Answer 30

the diffusion of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane, such as the cells of an organism

Question 31

An individual, living thing, such as a clown fish is ____.

Answer 31

an organism

Question 32

What is a population?

Answer 32

all the members of one species living together in the same place at the same time

Question 33

The ______________ contains the best variety of organisms in the ocean because it receives the most sunlight.

Answer 33

epipegalic zone

Question 34

What is competition?

Answer 34

a relationship in which different species attempt to use the same limited resource

Question 35

What is parisitism?

Answer 35

a relationship in which a species lives in or on another species and feeds off that species

Question 36

What is(are) NOT domains of life?

Answer 36

prosists and plantae

Question 37

Many scientists believe that ___________ is the single most important factor for determining whether a species can live in an aquatic system.

Answer 37

temperature

Question 38

Which ocean zone contains all the coastal zones?

Answer 38

littoral

Question 39

What is true about diffusion?

Answer 39

the process where molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration

Question 40

What happens when there is too much nitrogen in an aquatic system?

Answer 40

- Excess algae growth and it competes with the other organisms for nutrients. - As a result of competition caused by the excess algae, a decline in population of other organisms can also cause the decline and death of many other aquatic species. - Excess nitrogen can cause an explosion of growth in algae, as well as diatoms and other plankton.

Question 41

What is predation?

Answer 41

a relationship in which one species feeds on another species

Question 42

What is a producer?

Answer 42

an organism that is able to create its own energy

Question 43

The relationship between anemones and clown fish is an example of ____.

Answer 43

mutualism

Question 44

The _______________ contains life such as jellyfish, tubeworms, and sea cucumbers.

Answer 44

hadopelagic

Question 45

Planktons are ________.

Answer 45

plankton are photosynthesizing protists that live in the water

Question 46

Nektons are _______.

Answer 46

free-swimming aquatic organisms such as fish, turtles, dolphins, and whales