Unit 6 Vocabulary Flashcards
(16 cards)
Agriculture
the raising of crops to ensure resources for food and manufacturing
Domestication
genetically modification of animals to create a larger production
Hunting and Gathering
gathering plants and hunting animals for food
First Agricultural Revolution
domestication of animals and plants – about 11,000 years ago– less hunting and gathering and more horse drawn equipment
Second Agricultural Revolution
addition of a curved metal plate used to make the moldboard
Third Agricultural Revolution
more technology, need for irrigation and chemicals, and biotechnology (still in progress)– less employees needed, more efficiency,
Crop rotation
changing the field where a crop is grown each year to increase nutrients in the land and keep the soil fertile; usually includes a fallow year
monoculture
one crop planted over a large piece of land
Green Revolution
increase of grain production between 1965-1985 in Asia and Latin America due to high-yielding fertilizer and irrigation-dependent varieties
Genetically Modified Organisms
genetic engineering used to modify the plant, which can create higher yields and benefits for the crop
Subsistence Agriculture
when the products of a farming system are mainly consumed by the family of the farm and extended family
Commercial Agriculture
the product of the farm is sold in areas away from the farm. The farm relies on purchasers to keep the farm going
Shifting cultivation
- clear land 2. grow something 3. move to new land
agroforestry
intentional integration of trees and crops or livestock in one field at the same time or one after the other (shifting cultivation)
Intensive Agriculture
system of farming that gets characterized by the high inputs like labor or equipment for every unit of land (wet rice farming)
Smallholder agriculture
a system of farming where the majority of the production and consumption is done by the household
