Unit 6 Vocabulary (Learning and language) Flashcards by Sydney Haddrill

Q

Aversion therapy

A

Associating something undesirable with unpleasantness to get rid of it

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Q

Classical conditioning

A

Linking stimuli to anticipate events

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Q

Cognitive map

A

Mental layout of experiment

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Q

Conditioned response

A

Learned response to a previously neutral stimulus

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Q

Conditioned stimulus

A

Once neutral, now learned stimulus

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Q

Continuous reinforcement

A

Reinforcing response whenever it happens

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Q

Discriminative stimulus

A

Operant conditioning stimulus that gets response

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Q

Extinction (Classical conditioning)

A

Diminishing of a constant response

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Q

Fixed interval schedule

A

Reinforcement after set time

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Q

Fixed ration schedule

A

Reinforcement after set number of responses

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Q

Instinctive drift

A

Instinct to getting in the way of conditioning

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Q

Latent learning

A

Learning that’s only shown with an incentive

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Q

Law of effect (Thorndike)

A

Positive consequence increases

Negative consequence decreases

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Q

Learned Helplessness

A

Hopelessness learned by repeated aversion

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Q

Learning

A

The process of getting new information or behaviors

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Q

Negative reinforcement

A

Stopping negative stimuli to increase behavior

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Q

Observational learning

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A

Learning by observing others

Q

Operant conditioning

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A

Learning with consequences

Q

Partial reinforcement

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A

Reinforcing response part of time

Q

Positive reinforcement

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A

Increasing behaviors by giving something good

Q

Primary reinforcers

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A

Reinforcers that satisfy biological need

Q

Punishment

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A

Consequence that decreases behavior

Q

Reflex

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A

Automatic response to sensory stimulus

Q

Reinforcement

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A

Increases behavior

Schedule of reinforcement

Rules for presenting consequences

Secondary reinforcers

Reinforcers we’ve had to learn are good

Shaping

Using reinforcement to get desired behavior

Spontaneous recovery

Response comes back

Stimulus discrimination

Response is only to certain stimulus

Stimulus generalization

Stimulus evokes similar responses

Unconditioned response

Naturally occurring response to stimulus

Unconditioned stimulus

Stimulus naturally triggering response

Variable interval schedule

Reinforcement at unpredictable time intervals

Variable ratio schedule

Reinforcement after unpredictable number of responses

Language

Method of human communication

Morpheme

Unit of language that can’t be further divided | Has meaning

Phoneme

Units of sound for distinguishing words

Semantics

The meaning of a word or phrase

Syntax

Creation of well-formed sentences

Telegraphic speech

Two – word language of children