unit 7

Question 1

types of common source epidemics?

Answer 1

1. common source, single exposure (point source)
2. commom source multiple exposure/ continous exposure

Question 2

incubation period defined in which type of common source epidemic and why?

Answer 2

in common source single exposure as when plotting a graph “point” forms as when exposed to disease agent everybody also reports disease at same time so sudden increase and sudden decrease shows the point which tells us incubation period…example ( sick food vendor, contaminated pool water, contaminated picnic food)

Question 3

why incubation period not defined in common source multiple exposure/ continuous exposure?

Answer 3

because disease agent is there in environment for prolonged period of time so people are getting sick at different times hence reporting of disease is also more spread out hence incubation period difficult to determine from this type of epidemic curve.

Question 4

characteristics that are examined under descriptive studies?

Answer 4

1) Time distribution
2) Place distribution
3) Person distribution

Question 5

types of time trends or types of time fluctuations?

Answer 5

1. Short term fluctuation also known as EPIDEMICS
2. Periodic fluctuations
3. Long term fluctuations

Question 6

define epidemics?

Answer 6

occurrence of cases of illness or other health related events in a community/ region in excess of normal expectancy

normally expected se ziada ana

Question 7

epidemics also known as?

Answer 7

short term fluctuations

Question 8

which is the simplest form of observational studies?

Answer 8

Cross sectional studies

Question 9

more about cross sectional studies?

Answer 9

also known as Prevalence studies, its the simplest type of observational studies, single cross sectional examination of a population at some point in time

Question 10

essence of epidemiology is?

Answer 10

1. make comparisons
2. ask questions

Question 11

other name for case control studies?

Answer 11

reterospective studies