unit 7 flaschards-unit f Flashcards
What is task specialization in the bureaucracy, and what e of government does this represent?
each worker has a specific job that htey are responsible for
respresents efficency and efficacy
makes it more fficient because work is distributed equally
makes it more effective because then the bureaucracy implements better regualtions.
What is the federal bureaucracy?
The departments and agencies within the executive branch that carry out the laws of the nation through implementing regulations.
what is a federal bureaucrat?
An official employed within a government bureaucracy.
What is political patronage, what is the other name for it, and what law relates to it?
Filling of administrative positions as a reward for support, rather than solely on merit.
-the spoils system
-the Pendleton Act?
what is the pendleton act and what is its significance?
An act of Congress that created the first United States Civil Service Commission to draw up and enforce rules on hiring, promotion, and tenure of office within the civil service
- ended political patronage/spoils system hiring
what is the federal civil service?
the merit-based bureaucracy, which excludes military and poliltcal appointments
merit system:
A system of hiring and promotion based on competitive testing
results, education, and other qualifications rather than politics and personal connections.
what is an iron triangle
Coordinated and mutually beneficial activities of the bureaucracy,
Congress, and interest groups to achieve shared policy goals
issue network
: Webs of influence between interest groups, policymakers, and
policy advocates.
implementation
The bureaucracy’s role in putting into action the laws that Congress has passed.
bureaucratic discretion:
The power to decide how a law is implemented and
to decide what Congress meant when it passed a law.
regulation
The process through which the federal bureaucracy makes rules
that have the force of law, to carry out the laws passed by Congress.
bureaucratic adjudication:
when federal agencies act like mini-courts to resolve disputes. This happens when there’s a disagreement about how a federal law or regulation should be applied.
what is policy fragmentation
when different parts of the government create policies that don’t work well together.
((bureaucracy helps, because congress makes broader bills and the specialists set hte specifics)
what is mission creep?
when an organization starts to take on tasks beyond its original goals.
-like the Department of Homeland Security expanding its role from counter-terrorism to include immigration enforcement.
what are deregulation and privatization?
Deregulation involves reducing government rules on businesses to encourage competition and efficiency. Privatization means transferring government services to private companies, like when public utilities are sold to private firms.
whati is a government corporation
s a business owned by the government that provides services like a private company. Examples include the U.S. Postal Service and Amtrak.
what is an independent Agency
An independent agency operates separately from executive departments and has specific responsibilities, like NASA handling space exploration or the EPA managing environmental protection.
what is a regulatory commission
A regulatory commission oversees and enforces rules in specific industries, like the FCC regulating communications or the SEC overseeing the stock market.
what is an Executive Department
An executive department is responsible for implementing regulations in a certain topic area
they are led by a Secretary who is part of the President’s Cabinet.
they also include agencies
Examples include the Department of State and the Department of Defense.
What is the Executive Office of the President
The Executive Office of the President includes the President’s key advisors and support staff
what is the white house office
The White House Office is part of the Executive Office of the President and includes the President’s closest advisors and assistants, managing day-to-day operations and communications.
