Unit 8

Question 1

An area of land from which all runoff drains, or “sheds” to the same river, lake, or other body of water.

Answer 1

Watershed

Question 2

Water above Earth’s surface.

Answer 2

Surface water

Question 3

Glaciers, rivers, streams, lakes, etc.

Answer 3

Surface water

Question 4

Water that is found in the spaces between rock particles below Earth’s surface.

Answer 4

Groundwater

Question 5

A measure of how easily water can flow through an aquifer.

Answer 5

Permeability

Question 6

Rate of how fast water goes through an aquifer or rock pores.

Answer 6

Permeability

Question 7

The percentage of the rock that is composed of open spaces or pores.

Answer 7

Porosity

Question 8

Gravel with big gaps

Answer 8

High porosity, high permeability

Question 9

Best water resources type for aquifers

Answer 9

High porosity, low permeability

Question 10

Clay

Answer 10

high porosity, low permeability

Question 11

water that moves across the Earth’s surface - does not go into the ground

Answer 11

Runoff

Question 12

Rain & Slope (gravity)

Answer 12

Things that cause runoff

Question 13

The plant roots are no longer holding the soil in place and this could increase runoff and soil erosion.

Answer 13

Removing native vegetation plants

Question 14

? prevents the infiltration of water into the groundwater supplies… depletes water in our aquifer that humans use for drinking and to run their houses.

Answer 14

Cement and asphalt covering the ground.

Question 15

increases runoff and flooding.

Answer 15

Cement and asphalt covering the ground

Question 16

The growing population may use more water,

Answer 16

decreasing the water supply in the area.

Question 17

The growing population

Answer 17

increase the
pollution in the water sources.

Question 18

harder to control

Answer 18

non-point source pollution

Question 19

/….. to the spaces betweeen the particles

Answer 19

Porosity refers

Question 20

_______ are those that have high porosity (to store lots of water) and low
permeability (so it can hold the water).

Answer 20

Best aquifers

Question 21

Nitrates come from MANY farmlands, increases algae and plants, killing everything one way or another.

Answer 21

Eutrophication

Question 22

____occurs when there is one specific source causing the problem (easier to control)

Answer 22

Point-source pollution

Question 23

A body of rock or sediment that stores groundwater and allows the flow of groundwater.

Answer 23

Aquifer

Question 24

In the Saturated zone

Answer 24

Aquifer

Question 25

Below the saturated zone

Answer 25

Inpermeabile rock

Question 26

The path that a stream follows.

Answer 26

Channel

Question 27

An increase in the amount of nutrients, such as nitrates, in a marine or aquatic ecosystem.

Answer 27

Eutrophication

Question 28

The process by which surface water seeps into the ground

Answer 28

Infiltration

Question 29

Water that moves down through the ground layers

Answer 29

Leaching

Question 30

Pollution that comes from many sources rather than from a single specific site

Answer 30

Nonpoint-source Pollution

Question 31

Pollution that comes from a specific site

Answer 31

Point-source Pollution

Question 32

Suitable for drinking.

Answer 32

Potable

Question 33

97.5

Answer 33

Ocean water!

Question 34

2.5%

Answer 34

Freshwater, etc.

Question 35

An artificial body of water that usually forms behind a dam.

Answer 35

Reservoir

Question 36

A temperature increase in a body of water that is caused by human activity and that has a harmful effect on water quality and on the ability of that body of water to support life.

Answer 36

Thermal Pollution

Question 37

Factories use water from lakes, etc to _____ machines, causing thermal pollution

Answer 37

water or cool down

Question 38

A stream that flows into a lake or into a larger stream.

Answer 38

Tributary

Question 39

: Waste matter or other material that is introduced into water and that is harmful to organisms that live in, drink, or are exposed to the water.

Answer 39

Water Pollution

Question 40

The area of land that is drained by a river system.

Answer 40

Watershed

Question 41

The boundary between drainage areas (watersheds) that have streams that flow in opposite directions.

Answer 41

Divide

Question 42

The upper surface of underground water; the upper boundary of the zone of saturation.

Answer 42

water table

Question 43

occurs when live or dead organisms are added to water supplies.

Answer 43

biological Pollution

Question 44

Chemicals are added to a water source often from industry

Answer 44

Chemical pollution

Question 45

water moves through the ground very slowly.

Answer 45

low permeability

Question 46

water moves through the ground very quickly

Answer 46

high permeability

Question 47

rock particles are closed and squeezed together with little to no space

Answer 47

low porosity

Question 48

rock particles that are connected with lots of space

Answer 48

high porosity.

Question 49

top of the water aquifer

Answer 49

water table