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Psych > Unit 8 > Flashcards

Unit 8 Flashcards

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1
Q

microsystem

A

immediate environment -
The smallest and most direct system, where you interact with people and places that affect you daily
[Family at home, friends, teachers]

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2
Q

mesosystem

A

connections between microsystems -
The layer looks at how different parts of your microsystem interact
[If your parents regularly check in with your teachers, if your friends in school and sports connect, if your schedule of work shifts and interferes with school]

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3
Q

exosystem

A

indirect environment -
This includes things that don’t involve you directly but still affect you
[Parent’s job, local businesses]

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4
Q

macrosystem

A

cultural and social influences -
This is the big picture stuff, the values, laws, and culture of where you live
[Country, culture, laws]

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5
Q

chronosystem

A

changes over time -
This system considers how events and changes, both in your personal life and society, affect you
[Historical events (Covid 19)]

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6
Q

authoritarian

A

kind but healthy boundaries

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7
Q

passive

A

no boundaries, wants to be your friend

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8
Q

authoritative

A

very strict, only harsh boundaries

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9
Q

avoidant attachment

A

avoids emotional relationship

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10
Q

anxious attachment

A

needs parent 24/7

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11
Q

disorganized attachment

A

inconsistent, traumatic

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12
Q

secure attachment

A

having fun at daycare but comes back to mom when seen

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13
Q

temperament

A

natural, biological cycle established early in development

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14
Q

social clock

A

socially preferred timing of events (marriage, kids, etc.)

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15
Q

parallel play

A

playing but do not interact

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16
Q

trust v. mistrust

A

infancy (birth to 18 months)
- feeding
- lack leads to mistrust, comfort needed

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17
Q

autonomy v. shame and doubt

A

early childhood (2-3 years old)
- toilet training
- sense of independence

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18
Q

initiative v. guilt

A

preschool (3-5 years)
- exploration
- asserting control over environment

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19
Q

industry v. inferiority

A

school age (6-11 years)
- school
- new social and academic demands

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20
Q

identity v. role confusion

A

adolescence (12-18 years)
- social relationships
- teens finding personal identity

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21
Q

generativity v. stagnation

A

middle adulthood (40-60 years)
- work and parenthood
- adding to future generations

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22
Q

ego integrity v. despair

A

maturity (65 to death)
- reflection of life
- sense of fulfillment

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23
Q

diffusion

A

1/4, no clear sense of self
- no thought of career, no worry

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24
Q

foreclosure

Study These Flashcards
A

2/4, premature commitment without much exploration
- becoming a doctor because of parents

25
moratorium
3/4, teens actively seeking out a meaningful identity - switching major several times - exploration without commitment
26
achievement
4/4, committed sense of self - exploration with commitment
27
assimilation schema
interpreting new experiences in terms of ones existing schema, keeping same - pug in dog breed category
28
accommodation schema
adapting current schema for new information, changing - seeing a cat and putting it in the dog section --> needs its own schema
29
sensorimotor stage
1-2, developing senses and motor skills - object permanence, peekaboo
30
preoperational stage
2-7 - theory of mind: using symbols like words or images to explain feelings - pretend play - egocentrism: hard to see others pov - animism: human characteristics to inanimate objects
31
concrete operations
7-11, logical thinking, grounding in real world rather than abstract - conservation: water in cup - reversibility: breaking clay into two can be molded back into ball
32
formal operations
12+, abstract and logical - abstract: hypotheticals - hypothetical: test diff. outcomes
33
zone of proximal development
can perform tasks, but needs help
34
crystallized intelligence
accumulated knowledge and verbal skills, increases with age
35
fluid intelligence
ability to learn speedily and think abstractly, decreases with age
36
dementia
loss of brain functioning (memory, behavior, thinking)
37
alzheimer's
dementia type, tangled plaques stop neurons from working causing them to die
38
cooing
early weeks to first months - babies finding voice by making random vowel sounds
39
babbling
6-12 months - phonemes that do not resemble native language - constant bah-bah-bah - expansion from just vowels
40
one word stage
12 months - naming car, dog, mom, dad
41
two word stage
2 - telegraphic speech - "kitty there"
42
grammar
set of rules that enables us to communicate, she runs v. she runned
43
semantics
meaning of words
44
syntax
combining words into grammatically sensible sentences
45
receptive speech
ability to understand what is being said, 7 months
46
phoneme
smallest unit of sounds, cat
47
morpheme
smallest units of meaning, cats v. cat
48
teratogens
chemicals, viruses, drinking, anything to bring an embryo harm
49
rooting
turning towards breast
50
babinski
big toe back, others fan out to show central NS working
51
stepping
touching bottom of foot causes step
52
moro
startle reflex
53
primary sex characteristics
external genitalia that makes sexual reproduction possible
54
secondary sex characteristics
body hair, wider hips, breasts, etc.
55
spermarche
male puberty mark, first ejaculation
56
menarche
puberty mark, first female menstrual period
57
menopause
45-55, can no longer become pregnant
58
sex
females: 2 x chromosomes males: 1 x chromosome - presence of 1x and 1y produce a male child

Psych (11 decks)

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