Unit 8 - Social Psychology Flashcards
(20 cards)
Social Psychology Definition
The study of hoe others, directly and indirectly, influence our thinking, feeling, and actions.
Examples of social influence
Thinking: Influencer marketing. (I like this thing, implying you should to)
Emotions: emotional contagion (feeling happy bc someone else is happy)
Actions: social norms
The bystander effect
Thr tendency for a bystander to be less likely to help if other bystanders are present
Diffusion of responsibility
Tendency for others to feel less responsible when surrounded by others acting the same way
Deindividuation
When people act in a way that contradicts their personal values while in a loosely connected and volatile group
People joining in on riots even when they wouldn’t do that stuff usually
The power of one
Even just one person speaking out can cause a chain reaction by challenging perceived norms. Causes a chain reaction encouraging people to help
Person can switch the social norm from “Not helping” to “helping” which people will react to
Types of social influence and aspects
Conformity - No explicit authority, pressure is implicit (I should do it because others find it cool)
Compliance - No explicit authority but pressure is explicit (peer pressure, “Come on, don’t be a buzz kill”)
Obedience - Authority explicitly tells you to do something (rules at a job, laws)
Rational power/authority
And
Inhibiting power/authority
Rational - Power to. Teaching, helping, empowering. Teacher/student
Inhibiting - Power over. Control, submission. Master/slave
Whu do people conform?
- Wanting to feel belonging and fit in
- To learn. Don’t know how to do something? We look to others to learn
Asch’s Conformity Studies
People told to answer question with obvious answers. When others give false, person is more likely to also say false to fit in.q
Incremental View of Good and Evil
(Who and what?)
Zimbardo
Good and evil are not static or inherited. They change over time and can depend on our social environment
Zimbardo’s definition of evil
Evil is exercising power to harm others psychology, physically, or sprogually. This included through inaction.
Bullying. Inaction during a genocide
Zimbardos Definition of Good
Good ks choosing kindness over cruelty, caring over indifference, creativity over destruction, courage over villainy.
Conscious speaking louder than the need to fit in
Milgram’s Obedience Study
Person told to shock another when answer is wrong, shock keeps getting stronger. People would push it to what would be deadly levels despite feeling distress
Why do ordinary people follow malevolent orders
Norm of Obedience (Appeal to authority fallacy)
Diffusion of Responsibility (It’s not my fault if someone gets hurt)
Proximity to authority and distance to victim
No witnessing defiance
Incremental nature of request (foot-in-the-door phenomenon)
Foot-in-the-door Phenomenon
Individuals persuaded to change their beliefs, feelings, or actions by initially asking for something small, but tur request slowly grows into things more intense.
Door-in-the-face phenomenon
Individuals persuaded to change their beliefs, feelings, or actions by initially asking for something very big, then asking for something smaller (doesn’t seem as bad in comparison)
Who ran the Stanford prison experiment?
Zimbardo
Stanford prison experiment results
Results showed that even psychologically healthy people could do bad things when in a sadistic environment
Cognitive Dissonance
The unsettling feeling that happens when two cognitions (belief, attitude, or perceived actions) are inconsistent
Belief: Statement you believe
Attitude: Emotions you feel
Actions:… actions
