Unit 9 Flashcards
Urinary System Functions
clean & filter waste & toxins from blood
regulate electrolytes
regulate blood pressure & fluid balance
changes in urinary system due to aging
decreased kidney function
bladder muscle tone weakens
bladder holds less urine
bladder may not empty completely
Factors affecting urination
age privacy stress fluid intake activity using bedpan medications illness
UTI
cause- bacteria (ecoli)
prevention- drinking fluids & good hygiene
Chronic Renal Failure
kidneys not able to function effectively cause- diabetes hypertension chronic UTI nephritis meds *dialysis may be necessary
Urinary Retention
inability to empty bladder cause- surgery obstruction infection disorders (diabetes/MS)
Fluid balance
taking in & eliminating equal amounts
intake 1500-2000ml/day
output 1500-2000ml/day
Edema
fluid overload
less fluid output than intake
when heart, lungs, kidneys not working properly
Edema s/s
weight gain difficulty breathing swelling feet & ankles, fingers, hands decreased urine output skin appears tight, smooth, shiny
Dehydration
fluid deficit output>intake cause- poor intake vomiting diarrhea
Dehydration s/s
thirst dry mouth & mucous membranes cracked lips sunken eyes dark urine weakness low blood pressure, irregular heartbeat
Intake
all liquids taken by mouth
IV fluids
tube feeding
Output
urine liquid stool vomitus wound drainage perspiration
Measuring I&O
ongoing process
measure & record all fluids in 24 hours
totaled for each shift & added for 24 hour total
record I&O in ml
1cup = 8 0z 1oz = 30ml 1tbsp = 15ml 1tsp = 5ml
