Unit A Ecosystems And Energy Flow Within

Question 1

Biology is..

Answer 1

The study of life

Question 2

Ecology is

Answer 2

the study of the relationship between the living and non-living components of an environment

Question 3

biotic means…

Answer 3

living components of an ecosystem

Question 4

abiotic means…

Answer 4

non-living components of an ecosystem

Question 5

an organism is…

Answer 5

an individual form of life

Question 6

a species is

Answer 6

a group of organisms that are capable of interbreeding

Question 7

a population is

Answer 7

a group of organisms of the SAME SPECIES, occupying the SAME AREA, at the SAME TIME

Question 8

a community is

Answer 8

formed by different populations of species interacting with one another

Question 9

an ecosystem is

Answer 9

all of the living (biotic) components of a community, as well as the non-living (abiotic) components they interact with

Question 10

the biosphere is

Answer 10

the narrow zone around earth that harbours life

Question 11

Earth is a ___ system

Answer 11

Closed system

Question 12

the Gaia hypothesis (1979) states…

Answer 12

The Earth is “alive” and self-regulating. Earth’s environment must be in a state of balance or equilibrium with many organisms

Question 13

Dynamic equilibrium refers to

Answer 13

idea that there are constant changes occurring on Earth, but components will adjust to changes to maintain balance and not disrupt the entire system.

Question 14

Biodiversity is…

Answer 14

the number of species in an ecosystem

Question 15

extinct means…

Answer 15

A species that is not longer present on earth.

Question 16

endangered means…

Answer 16

A species that is close to extinction.

Question 17

extirpated means

Answer 17

A species that no longer lives in an area that it once lived in, but exists in other areas.

Question 18

threatened means..

Answer 18

A species that is likely to become endangered if factors that make it vulnerable are not changed

Question 19

“Of special concern” means…

Answer 19

A species that is at risk because of low or declining numbers

Question 20

an Indicator Species is…

Answer 20

species that are sensitive to small changes in environmental conditions. They can indicate that a change has occurred in an environment

Question 21

energy from the sun enters the biosphere through…

Answer 21

living things

Question 22

all living things need ___ to carry out life processes

Answer 22

Energy

Question 23

organisms that can make and store their own food are called…

Answer 23

Autotrophs/Producers

Question 24

organisms that get their food from other living things are called

Answer 24

Heterotrophs/Consumers/Decomposers

Question 25

Autotrophs make ___ using ___

Answer 25

Organic molecules, using Simple Inorganic Molecules

Question 26

Organic molecules are the...

Answer 26

molecules of life - carbohydrates, proteins, lipids

Question 27

Inorganic molecules are

Answer 27

all other molecules (not organic)

Question 28

Most Autotrophs make their food through the process of...

Answer 28

Photosynthesis

Question 29

Consumers Gain their energy by...

Answer 29

Ingesting (eat) other living or recently living things and digest them internally

Question 30

Decomposers...

Answer 30

Consuming dead organisms or detritus (dead material from living organisms [eg. feces, dead leaves]). Return nutrients to soil and release energy to space.

Question 31

Herbivores (Primary Consumers) Eat...

Answer 31

Producers

Question 32

Carnivores eat...

Answer 32

other animals

Question 33

Secondary consumers eat...

Answer 33

Primary consumers

Question 34

tertiary consumers eat...

Answer 34

secondary consumers

Question 35

Omnivores Eat...

Answer 35

both plants and animals.

Question 36

Detrivore decomposers eats...

Answer 36

dead organic matter and digests it internally

Question 37

Saprotroph decomposers...

Answer 37

Live on or in dead organic matter by secreting digestive enzymes and absorbing the resulting products of digestion

Question 38

Original source for almost every food chain is...

Answer 38

the sun

Question 39

trophic levels count...

Answer 39

how many steps from the sun the organism is

Question 40

Energy in the biosphere is a balance between

Answer 40

Photosynthesis, Chemosynthesis, and cellular respiration

Question 41

DDT was

Answer 41

a type of pesticide used in the 1950s to control mosquitos

Question 42

the chemical formula for photosynthesis is

Answer 42

(C O2) + (H2 0) = (C6 H12 O6) + (O2)

Question 43

the chemical formula for chemosynthesis is

Answer 43

(C O2) + (H2 0) + (H2 S) + (O2) = (C H2 O) + (H2 SO4)