Unit C: Acids & Bases - Chapter 6 Flashcards
What is Arrhenius’s theory: Acids?
Ionized in water, produce hydrogen ions.
What is Arrhenius’s theory: Bases?
Ionized in water, produce hydroxide ions.
What is the modified version: Acids?
Compounds which react with water to produce hydronium ions.
What is the modified version: Bases?
Compounds which react with water to produce hydroxide ions.
What are the properties of Strong Acids?
- Ionize 100% in water
- All acids will break into its ions
- All hydrogen ions will react with water
- Forms a big amount of hydronium ions
What are the properties of Weak Acids?
- Ionize ~50% in water.
- Not all acids will break into its ions.
- Some hydrogen ions will react with water.
- Forms a small amount of hydrogen ions.
What are monoprotic acids?
Acids which have only one hydrogen and can react with water only once.
What are polyprotic acids?
- Acids which include more than one hydrogen in their compound formulas.
- Can react more than once with water.
What does a change in pH do to the concentration?
Higher concentration = Lower pH
Lower concentration = Higher pH
What is neutralization?
Acid + base = Salt + water
What are the reactants and products in a neutralization reaction?
Hydronium + hydroxide ions = salt + water
What are indicators?
When there are some chemicals which change when placed in an acid or base.
What is the formula to calculate pH?
pH = -log [H3O+]
What is the formula to calculate pOH?
pOH = -log [OH-]
What special number do pH + pOH add up to?
It adds up to 14.
