UNIT D - (Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins)

Question 1

Source of energy for heat production, tissue building, movement, repair, and all other cellular processes. What am I?

Answer 1

Nutrients

Question 2

What type of Macromolecule supplies energy to the cells as there main role?

Answer 2

Carbohydrates

Question 3

What are the 4 types of Macromolecules?

Answer 3

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids

Question 4

What are Enzymes made out of?

Answer 4

Amino acids

Question 5

What does the term essentail imply to nutrients?

Answer 5

Thats there only one way to get them through your diet

Eg. vitamins, minerals, etc.

Question 6

What do enzymes act as?

Answer 6

An biological catalyst -(increasing the rate of reactions)

Question 7

What are the 2 basic reactions of enzymes?

Answer 7

Catabolic: break down molecules

Anabolic: build up molecules

Question 8

What is the energy to initiate chemical reactions?

Answer 8

Activation energy

Question 9

Many monomers hooked together to make a……

Answer 9

Polymer

Question 10

Building block or singe unit of a polymer is a……

Answer 10

Monomer

Question 11

To make something……

Answer 11

Synthesis

Question 12

Lysis

Answer 12

To break or split apart

Question 13

Dehydrate

Answer 13

Means to lose or remove water

Question 14

What are the reactants of the dehydration synthesis reaction?

Answer 14

Glucose and fructose

Question 15

What are the products of the hydrolysis reaction?

Answer 15

Glucose and frucose

Question 16

The JOINING of two monomers causes a water molecule to be lost. This joining to make a polymer is called?

Answer 16

Dehydration synthesis

Question 17

In what organ of your body would the splitting apart (hydrolysis) of these be occurring at a high rate right now?

Answer 17

Stomach

Question 18

What does saccharides mean?

Answer 18

Sugar

Question 19

What does mono represent?

Answer 19

1

Question 20

What is an example of a nucleic acid?

Answer 20

DNA and RNA

Question 21

What is an example of an lipid?

Answer 21

Phospholipids, fats, oils

Question 22

What is the role of nucleic acids?

Answer 22

Carrying or transfering genetic information

Question 23

Which of the following are building blocks of proteins?

Answer 23

Amino acids

Question 24

Proteins are made up of chains of….?

Answer 24

Amino acids

Question 25

A disaccharide is formed when two monosaccharides are joined together by….?

Answer 25

Dehydration synthesis

Question 26

The simplest form of a carbohydrate is called a(n…?

Answer 26

monosaccharide

Question 27

Enzymes convert starting molecules into different molecules. What are those starting molecules called?

Answer 27

substrates

Question 28

Monosaccharides are monomers of…?

Answer 28

Carbohydrates

Question 29

Waxes, oils and fats are examples of…?

Answer 29

Lipids

Question 30

Glycerol and fatty acids are the monomers of….?

Answer 30

Lipids

Question 31

What type of macromolecule are enzymes?

Answer 31

Protein

Question 32

This macromolecule is hydrophobic (hates water) and reduces water loss What type of organic molecule is it?

Answer 32

Lipids

Question 33

Phospholipids are used in what biological structure?

Answer 33

Cell membrane

Question 34

disaccharide

Answer 34

two monosaccharides bonded together

Question 35

polysaccharide

Answer 35

more than 3 monosaccharides bonded together

Question 36

liver

Answer 36

a polysaccharide found in animals that is an energy storage molecule; it's stored in your liver

Question 37

example of a monosaccharide

Answer 37

glucose

Question 38

example of a disaccharide

Answer 38

sucrose

Question 39

example of a polysaccharide

Answer 39

starch

Question 40

Triglycerides

Answer 40

Made of glycerol and 3 fatty acid chains

Question 41

Saturated Fats

Answer 41

fats that are solid at room temperature

Question 42

Unsaturated Fats

Answer 42

liquid at room temperature

Question 43

Phospholipids

Answer 43

composed of 1 glycerol; 2 fatty acids; 1 phosphocholine

Question 44

Polypeptide

Answer 44

Primary Structure of Protein

Question 45

Denaturation

Answer 45

Temporary change in function of protein due to extreme heat or Ph change

Question 46

what was the purpose of the Benedict's Test?

Answer 46

Tests for simple sugars

Question 47

what was the purpose of the Iodine Test?

Answer 47

Tests for presence of starch

Question 48

what was the purpose of the Buiret Test?

Answer 48

test for proteins

Question 49

What biomolecule do enzymes belong to?

Answer 49

Protein

Question 50

The chemical union of the basic units of carbohydrates, lipids, or proteins always produces the biproduct:

Answer 50

Carbon

Question 51

The chemical union of the basic units of carbohydrates, lipids, or proteins always produces the biproduct:

Answer 51

hydrophobic and insoluble in water

Question 52

When disaccharides are changed to monosaccharides, the common chemical process involved is:

Answer 52

hydrolysis

Question 53

Polymers of polysaccharides, fats, and proteins are all synthesized from monomers by:

Answer 53

The removal of water (dehydration synthesis)

Question 54

Which of the following, when it fails to occur, is the chemical basis for a metabolic syndrome in which the body fails to breakdown fatty acids?

Answer 54

Oxidation

Question 55

What type of bond holds protein chains together?

Answer 55

peptide bond

Question 56

What are lipids made of?

Answer 56

glycerol, 3 fatty acids

Question 57

The type of biomolecule that is made of amino acids, maintains structure in cells.....

Answer 57

protein

Question 58

cell membranes are made primarily of.....

Answer 58

lipids

Question 59

The class of biomolecule that sugars and starches belong to....

Answer 59

carbohydrate

Question 60

A molecule name that contains the ending -ase tells us that molecule is most likely an.....?

Answer 60

enzyme

Question 61

When an enzyme is in a solution that is too acidic or basic, the reaction rate_______

Answer 61

tends to slows down

Question 62

Reactions occur faster because enzymes lower the________ energy required for a chemical reaction.

Answer 62

activation

Question 63

Any substance that speeds up chemical reaction is called a __________.

Answer 63

catalyst

Question 64

Enzymes belong to what major class of biomolecules which are?

Answer 64

protein

Question 65

All organic compounds contain the element....

Answer 65

carbon

Question 66

DNA contains the coded information required by the body to make......

Answer 66

protein