Unit D: Mechanical System

Question 1

What is a simple machine?

Answer 1

a tool or machine that is made up of a basic machine.

Question 2

Name 6 simple machines? and describe them

Answer 2

Lever, Inclined Plane, Wedge, Screw, Wheel and Axle, and a Pulley

Question 3

What is a lever?

Answer 3

A lever is a rigid bar or plank that can rotate around a fixed point called a fulcrum or pivot

Question 4

What is an inclined plane?

Answer 4

Inclined plane or ramp can be used to carry objects to a higher height.

Question 5

What is a wedge?

Answer 5

By putting force on a wide end, you can separate the object.

Question 6

What is a screw?

Answer 6

A cylinder with a groove cut on the outside.

Question 7

What is a wheel and axle?

Answer 7

2 wheels on different diameters that turn together.

Question 8

What is a pulley?

Answer 8

A wire, rope, or cable moving on a grooved wheel.

Question 9

What’s a first class lever?

Answer 9

Fulcrum is between load and effort

ex) Scissors

Question 10

What’s a second class lever?

Answer 10

Load is between fulcrum and effort ex: wheelbarrow

Question 11

What’s a third class lever?

Answer 11

Effort is between load and fulcrum. ex: shovel

Question 12

A simple machine can obtain 4 objectives. Can you name all 4?

Answer 12

1: Change the direction of a force
2: Multiplying force
3: Increase or decrease speed
4: Transferring force

Question 13

What is a complex machine?

Answer 13

A machine made up of several simple machines

Question 14

What is a linkage?

Answer 14

A part of the machine that transfers energy from an energy source to the object

Question 15

What is a transmission?

Answer 15

transfers energy from the engine to the wheels using number of different gears

Question 16

What is a gear?

Answer 16

A wheel with teeth that interlink when rotated with another wheel.

Question 17

What is Multiplying gears?

Answer 17

A large gear that makes the smaller gear rotate faster

Question 18

What is Reducing gears?

Answer 18

A smaller gear that makes the larger gear rotate slowly

Question 19

What is the equation for Mechanical Advantage?

Answer 19

MA = force output / force input

Question 20

What is the equation for Speed Ratio?

Answer 20

SR = Input Distance / Output Distance

Question 21

What is friction?

Answer 21

A force that opposes motion

Question 22

What is the equation for Efficiency?

Answer 22

Efficiency = Mechanical Advantage (MA) / Speed Ratio (SR) x 100

Question 23

What is the equation for Work?

Answer 23

Work = Force x Distance

Question 24

What’s a hydraulic system?

Answer 24

Uses a liquid under pressure to move a load

Question 25

What's the equation for pressure?

Answer 25

Pressure = Force / Area

Question 26

What is a piston?

Answer 26

A disk that can fit nicely into a cylinder and it can push fluids out or draws fluids into the cylinder

Question 27

What are Systems?

Answer 27

A group of parts that work to perform a specific function

Question 28

What are Subsystems?

Answer 28

A group of parts that work to together to form a specific task

Question 29

What is Pascal's Law?

Answer 29

Pressure applied into an enclosed fluid transmitted equally in all direction throughout the fluid

Question 30

Difference between Input work and Output work?

Answer 30

Input Work is the force applied to the machine and Output Work is the force the machine applies to the object

Question 31

Mechanical advantage can best be defined as the?

Answer 31

the ratio of the force produced by a machine to the force applied to it.

Question 32

The standard unit of pressure is the Pascal (Pa) which is equal to?

Answer 32

1 N/m2

Question 33

Bones and muscles operate as what simple machine?

Answer 33

Lever

Question 34

A screwdriver is a combination of which 2 simple machines?

Answer 34

Wheel and Axle, Wedge

Question 35

When using a wheelbarrow, the load seems lightest if it is?

Answer 35

close as possible to the wheel

Question 36

One advantage that a hydraulic system has over a system of levers, gears, or pulleys, is that it?

Answer 36

has fewer moving parts and less friction