Unit Four Flashcards

Question

Inner membrane

Answer 1

First one Highly folded folks called cristae Chemiosmosis happens here More surface area for chemical reactions

Answer 2

Second one | Stores H+ to create concentration gradient

Answer 3

Third one Very inner part of mitochondrion Locale where a series of chemical reactions strip off H+ from glucose (citric acid/krebs cycle)

Answer 4

Glycolysis, breaking down of glucose (cytoplasm) Citric acid/Krebs cycle, stripping of H+ (matrix) Oxidative phosphorylation, electron transport chain and chemiosmosis (cristae) (inner membrane)

Answer 5

``` Splitting of sugar Anaerobic process (no O2 needed yet) Add two ATP to get process going Produce four ATP Two net ATP produced Series of ten chemical reactions Starts with glucose NAD+ is the uber, carries electrons from one place to another H is energy from glucose ```

Answer 6

Bacteria only need a little energy so use this | Humans too active, need more ATP than glycolysis makes

Answer 7

2 NADH, 2 pyruvate (2 C3), 2 net ATP

Answer 8

Aerobic respiration, we need O2, ATP

Answer 9

Fermentation (anaerobic) | Remove H from NADH so that NAD+ can go back to glycolysis

Answer 10

Alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation

Answer 11

3C (pyruvate) from glycolysis (too large to enter mitochondrion) Exhale (release) CO2 Coenzyme A goes in, functional group from cytoplasm NAD+ to NADH, what comes out is Acetyl CoA, helps C2 get into mitochondria

Answer 12

NADH, CO2, Acetyl CoA

Answer 13

Help C2 get into mitochondria

Answer 14

2 Acetyl CoA/ because two pyruvate soldiers formed in glycolysis, two cycles happening at once Acetyl CoA is a well connected celebrity, drops off two C and picks up more 6C bonds with Acetyl CoA, releases CoA, makes 6 carbon (citrate) Releases 2 CO2, four carbon left NAD+ to NADH (released) ATP FAD to FADH2 Redox reactions happening

Answer 15

Uses electron transport and chemiosmosis in mitochondria Energy from citric acid cycle used to pump H+ into intermembrane space Oxygen receives electrons (very electronegative)

Answer 16

Blocks electron transport chain No H+ gradient Prevents O2 and H from binding

Answer 17

Blocks chemiosmosis | Creates leaky H+ ions

Answer 18

Alternate respiration pathway that enables cells to produce ATP without oxygen Metabolic pathway that generates ATP during ATP during fermentation is glycolysis, uses no O2 To oxidize glucose in glycolysis, NAD+ must be rpe sent as an electron acceptor When under anaerobic conditions, where oxygen is not present, fermentation provides an anaerobic path for recycling NADH back to NAD+

Answer 19

Regulates redox reactions

Answer 20

Maximum 3 ATP

Answer 21

Maximum two ATP

Answer 22

The process of breaking down “food” (glucose molecules) in the presence of oxygen, ATP molecules (cell energy molecules) are produced. Much of it happens in the mitochondria.

Answer 23

One molecule of glucose (6 carbons) is converted into two 3 carbon pyruvic acid molecules. Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cytoplasm and is considered anaerobic because no oxygen is required during this process. 2 ATP molecules needed to start the process. 4 ATP are actually produced, 2 ATP = net gain

Answer 24

1) Pyruvic acid (from glycolysis) is converted to Acetyl “CoA” which is broken down into carbon dioxide (CO2) in a series of energy-extracting reactions. 2) It is an aerobic process (requires O2) & is located in the mitochondrion. The inner folds called cristae increases the surface area for chemical reactions involved in cell respiration.(more ATPS made)3) For each 3-carbon pyruvic acid, 1 ATP is produced. Therefore a total of 2 ATPs are produced from one glucose.4) Protons (H+ ions) and electrons are carried by special compounds (NADH & FADH2) from Krebs Cycle for use in the Electron Transport Chain.

Answer 25

Takes place within the mitochondria. 2) Electrons are carried & ATPs are produced: High energy electrons from Krebs cycle are passed from one “electron carrier” to the next. Energy given off from this process permits ATP synthase located on the inner membrane to produce ATPs. 3) One glucose molecule is responsible for the gain of 34 ATP molecules from E.T. 4) Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the chain. The O2, electrons are combined with hydrogen ions to produce H2O.Due to the proton concentration gradient produced, the protons diffuse back across the membrane to the matrix, through ATP synthase enzyme complex. This is called chemiosmosis. It produces 34 ATPs.

Answer 26

starts with 1 glucose, during 2 atp and 2 nadh released, end result is 2 pyruvate 2 net atp what goes in is also 2 adp and 2 phosphate groups (2 atp), 2 nad+

Answer 27

starts with one pyruvate, during co2 and nadh released, 2 carbon left from pyruvate combines with coenzyme a to make one acetyl CoA 0 net atp what else goes in is nad+ and coenzyme a

Answer 28

starts with one acetyl CoA, joins with four carbon after coa leaves, during 2 co2, 3 nadh, one atp, one fadh2 released what else goes in is four carbon, 3nad+, adp + p, fad

Answer 29

starts with nadh and fadh2 shuttling electrons through the etc, creates h+ gradient, h+ go through inner membrane through atp synthase, gives atp synthase power, then can combine p and adp to make atp 34 net atp

Answer 30

Single called organism, doesn't need oxidative phosphorylation

Answer 31

Anaerobic is NADH | Aerobic is o2

Answer 32

NADH fadh2 and acetyl CoA

Unit Four Flashcards

(56 cards)