UNIT G Key Terms

Question 1

What do you call a vessel that takes blood away from the heart to the arterioles

Answer 1

Arteries

Question 2

What is a characteristic of the artery vessels?

Answer 2

Thick/elastic/muscular walls

Question 3

What do you call a microscopic vessel connecting arterioles to venules

Answer 3

capillaries

Question 4

The exchange of substances between blood and tissue fluid occurs within which vessel’s walls?

Answer 4

capillaries

Question 5

What do you call the vessel that takes blood to the heart from venules?

Answer 5

Veins

Question 6

What is a major characteristic of veins?

Answer 6

Non-elastic walls

Question 7

What vessel takes blood from arteries to capillaries?

Answer 7

Arterioles

Question 8

What vessel takes blood from capillaries to veins?

Answer 8

Venules

Question 9

What do you call the membranous extension of a vessel/heart wall opens and closes to ensure one-way flow?

Answer 9

Valves

Question 10

What do you call the protective membrane that surrounds the heart?

Answer 10

Pericardium

Question 11

What do you call the cardiac muscles in the wall of the heart?

Answer 11

Myocardium

Question 12

What do you call one of the upper chambers of the heart which receive blood

Answer 12

atrium (left or right)

Question 13

What do you call the cavity in an organ (such as the lower chamber of the heart), which produces and serves as a reservoir for cerebrospinal fluid?

Answer 13

ventricles

Question 14

What do you call the valve located between the atrium and the ventricle?

Answer 14

Atrioventricular valve

Question 15

What is the right AV valve sometimes called?

Answer 15

Tricuspid valve

Question 16

What are the tough bands of connective tissue that attach papillary muscles to the atrioventricular valves within the heart?

Answer 16

Chordae tendinae

Question 17

What do you call the valve resembling a half moon located between the ventricles and their attached vessels?

Answer 17

Semi-lunar valves

Question 18

What do you call the blood vessel that takes blood away from the heart to the lungs?

Answer 18

Pulmonary arteries

Question 19

What do you call the blood vessel that takes blood to the heart from the lungs?

Answer 19

Pulmonary veins

Question 20

What do you call one complete cycle of systole and diastole for all heart chambers?

Answer 20

the cardiac cycle

Question 21

What do you call the contraction period of a heart during the cardiac cycle?

Answer 21

systole

Question 22

What do you call the relaxation period of a heart during the cardiac cycle?

Answer 22

diastole

Question 23

What do you call the small region of neuromuscular tissue that transmits the impulses received from the SA node to the ventricular walls?

Answer 23

SA (sinoatrial) node

Question 24

What is the “pacemaker”?

Answer 24

the SA node

Question 25

What do you call the small region of neuromuscular tissue that transmits the impulses received from the SA node to the ventricular walls?

Answer 25

the AV (atrioventricular) node

Question 26

What do you call the group of specialized fibres that conduct impulses from the AV node to the ventricles of the heart?

Answer 26

AV bundle

Question 27

What do you call the specialized muscle fibres that conduct the cardiac impulse from the AV bundle into the ventricles?

Answer 27

Purkinje Fibres

Question 28

What do you call the recording of electrical activity associated with the heartbeat?

Answer 28

the ECG (electrocardiogram)

Question 29

What do you call the circulatory pathway that consists of the pulmonary trunk, pulmonary arteries, pulmonary veins?

Answer 29

the pulmonary circuit

Question 30

What do you call the part of the circulatory system that serves body parts other than the gas-exchanging surfaces in the lungs?

Answer 30

Systematic circuit

Question 31

What do you call the major systemic artery that receives blood from the left ventricles?

Answer 31

The aorta.

Question 32

What do you call the large vein that enters the right atrium from above and carries blood from the head, thorax, and upper limbs of the heart?

Answer 32

Superior venae cavae.

Question 33

What do you call the large vein that enters the right atrium from below and carries blood from the trunk and lower extremities?

Answer 33

Inferior venae cavae.

Question 34

What do you call the artery that supplies blood to the wall of the heart?

Answer 34

Coronary arteries.

Question 35

What do you call the portal system that begins in the villi of the small intestine and ends as the liver?

Answer 35

The hepatic portal system

Question 36

What do you call the vein leading to the liver and formed by the merging blood vessels leaving the small intestine?

Answer 36

The hepatic portal vein.

Question 37

What do you call the vein that runs between the liver and the inferior venae cavae?

Answer 37

the hepatic vein

Question 38

What do you call the arterial blood pressure during the systolic phase of the cardiac cycle?

Answer 38

systolic pressure

Question 39

What do you call the arterial blood pressure during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle?

Answer 39

diastolic pressure

Question 40

What do you call the accumulation of blood in veins that develop when the valves of veins become weak and ineffective due to the backward pressure of blood?

Answer 40

varicose veins

Question 41

What do you call the inflammation of a vein that can lead to blood clots? (deadly in a pulmonary vessel)

Answer 41

Phlebitis