Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Organic Chemistry > UNIT II > Flashcards

UNIT II Flashcards

(69 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

are a characteristic feature of organic molecules
that behave in a predictable way

A

Functional groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

are composed of an atom or group of atoms

A

Functional groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

are groups that replace a H in the corresponding
alkane

A

Functional groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

provide a way to classify families of organic
compounds

A

Functional groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

______ contain a double bond between adjacent carbon atoms.

A

Alkenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

______ contain a triple bond.

A

Alkynes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

______ contain a benzene ring.

A

Aromatic compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

An ______ contains the hydroxyl (–OH) functional group.

A

alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In an ______, an oxygen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms (–C–O–C–).

A

ether

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In a ______, the functional group -SH is bonded to a carbon atom.

A

thiol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

An ______ contains a carbonyl group (C=O), which
is a carbon atom with a double bond to an oxygen atom, attached to at least one hydrogen.

A

aldehyde

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In a ______, the carbon of the carbonyl group is attached to two other carbon atoms.

A

ketone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

______ contain the carboxyl group, which is a carbonyl group attached to a hydroxyl group.

A

Carboxylic acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

An ______ contains the carboxyl group between carbon atoms.

A

ester

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In an ______, the functional group is a nitrogen atom.

A

amine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In an ______, the hydroxyl group of a carboxylic acid is replaced by a nitrogen group.

A

amide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms

A

Hydrocarbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Compound that contains carbon and hydrogen and one or more additional elements

A

Hydrocarbon derivative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Hydrocarbon in which all carbon–carbon bonds are single bonds

A

Saturated hydrocarbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Hydrocarbon with one or more carbon–carbon multiple bonds
- Double bonds, triple bonds, or both

A

Unsaturated hydrocarbon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

______ are compounds that only contain C and H atoms.

A

Hydrocarbons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Types of Saturated Hydrocarbons

A
  1. Alkanes
  2. Cycloalkanes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

• are compounds composed only of carbon and hydrogen and single bonds
• are saturated with hydrogen (no more can be added)
• General formula: CnH2n+2

A

Alkanes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

• ring-like structure (alicyclic)
• General formula: CnH2n

A

Cycloalkanes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Types of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
1. Alkenes 2. Alkynes
26
• are compounds composed of carbon and hydrogen and at least one double bond • General formula: CnH2n
Alkenes
27
• are compounds composed of carbon and hydrogen and at least one triple bond • General formula: CnH2n-2
Alkynes
28
______ have the general formula CnH2n+2 where n = 1,2,3,…
Alkanes
29
only single covalent bonds
Alkanes
30
they are saturated hydrocarbons because they contain the maximum number of hydrogen atoms that can bond with the number of carbon atoms in the molecule
Alkanes
31
names of alkanes are determined by the ______ system
IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry)
32
IUPAC Prefixes 1-10
Meth Eth Prop But Pent Hex Hept Oct Non Dec
33
formula that gives the number of each kind of atom in a compound
Molecular Formula
34
formula that provides the bonding arrangement of atoms in a molecule
Structural Formula
35
Alkanes are written with ______ that are - expanded to show each bond - condensed to show each carbon atom and the attached hydrogen atoms
structural formulas
36
Because each C atom has a tetrahedral arrangement, the order of atoms is not a straight line, but a ______.
zigzag pattern
37
A ______ abbreviates the carbon atoms and shows only the zigzag pattern of bonds from carbon atom to carbon atom.
line-bond formula
38
Carbon atoms in a chain maintain their ______ shape
tetrahedral
39
Carbon atoms in a chain are connected in a ______ pattern
zigzag
40
Carbon atoms in a chain are drawn as ______
two-dimensional
41
Carbon atoms in a chain can be written in several ______
conformations
42
is an alkane with 6 carbon atoms in a continuous chain
Hexane
43
has a “zigzag” look because each carbon atom is at the center of a tetrahedron
Hexane
44
______ are attached to carbon chains
Substituents
45
______ are carbon branches that are missing one H and named as alkyl groups
Substituents
46
______ are halogen atoms that are named as halo substituents
Substituents
47
Types of Alkyl groups
primary alkyl group secondary alkyl group tertiary alkyl group
48
• a carbon at the end of a chain
primary alkyl group
49
• a carbon in the middle of a chain
secondary alkyl group
50
• a carbon with three carbons attached to it
tertiary alkyl group
51
A ______ carbon is bonded to one carbon.
primary
52
A ______ carbon is bonded to two carbons.
secondary
53
A ______ carbon is bonded to three carbons.
tertiary
54
______ hydrogens are attached to primary carbons.
Primary
55
______ hydrogens are attached to secondary carbons.
Secondary
56
______ hydrogens are attached to tertiary carbons.
Tertiary
57
Common names sometimes use "______" to indicate an straight-chain alkane.
n
58
An alkane less one hydrogen atom is an ______ group
alkyl
59
compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas
ISOMERS
60
isomers that vary in the bonding attachments of atoms (isomers that differ in how their atoms are arranged in chains)
STRUCTURAL ISOMERS (or CONSTITUTIONAL ISOMERS)
61
isomers with the same bonding attachments of atoms but different spatial orientations.
STEREOISOMERS
62
atoms or groups display orientation differences around a double bond or ring (cis- and trans-).
GEOMETRIC
63
groups are on same side of ring or double bond.
cis
64
groups are on opposite sides of ring or double bond.
trans
65
isomers that differ as a result of the degree of rotation around a C-C single bond.
CONFORMATIONAL
66
An organic compound containing at least one carbon-halogen bond (C-X) • X (F, Cl, Br, I) replaces H
Alkyl Halide
67
Can contain many C-X bonds
Alkyl Halide
68
Properties and some uses • Fire-resistant solvents • Refrigerants • Pharmaceuticals and precursors
Alkyl Halide
69
Numbers are used only for ______ names.
systematic

Organic Chemistry (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions