Unit III: Cranial Nerves V & Some VII Flashcards
(109 cards)
0
Q
Does cranial nerve V carry more sensory or motor fibers?
A
Sensory
1
Q
Which is the largest of the cranial nerves?
A
Cranial nerve V
2
Q
What is the nickname of cranial nerve V?
A
Great sensory nerve of the face
3
Q
What are the three nuclei of termination associated with the trigeminal nerve?
A
Main sensory nucleus, spinal nucleus, trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus
4
Q
What is the nucleus of origin of the trigeminal nerve?
A
Trigeminal motor nucleus
5
Q
What is the peripheral ganglion associated with the trigeminal nerve?
A
Trigeminal (semilunar) ganglion
6
Q
What are the three peripheral branches of the trigeminal nerve?
A
Ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular
7
Q
What is another name for the spinal nucleus of cranial nerve V?
A
Spinotrigeminal nucleus
8
Q
In what part of the nervous system is the trigeminal ganglion located?
A
PNS (periphery)
9
Q
Where are the cell bodies located if the nucleus of termination is the main trigeminal or spinal nuclei?
A
Trigeminal ganglion
10
Q
What are the only primary sensory neurons that have cell bodies located in the CNS?
A
Those whose nucleus of termination is the mesencephalic nucleus
11
Q
The main trigeminal nucleus of termination is specific to what sensory information?
A
Touch, vibration, joint proprioception
12
Q
The spinal nucleus of termination for cranial nerve V is specific to what types of sensory information?
A
Pain and temperature
13
Q
What spinal tract is analogous to the nuclei of termination to the spinal nucleus of cranial nerve V?
A
Lateral spinothalamic
14
Q
Which branch of cranial nerve V is the only branch to carry motor fibers?
A
Mandibular branch
15
Q
The motor nucleus of cranial nerve V receives information from where?
A
Cerebral cortex, reticular formation, red nucleus, tectum, MLF, mesencephalic nucleus
16
Q
What is the apparent origin of the trigeminal nerve?
A
Lateral aspect of the pons
17
Q
What is the only cranial nerve to have its apparent origin on the pons?
A
Cranial nerve V
18
Q
What is the name of the pouch of dura where the trigeminal nerve enters and where the trigeminal ganglion is located?
A
Trigeminal (Meckel’s) cave
19
Q
The ophthalmic division of cranial nerve V carries what type of information?
A
Sensory information only
20
Q
The ophthalmic division of cranial nerve V enters the orbit via what structure?
A
Superior orbital fissure
21
Q
The ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve is sensory to what areas of skin?
A
Over the nose, forehead, and scalp
22
Q
In which locations does the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve carry sensation from mucous membranes?
A
Frontal and sphenoid sinuses and the membrane covering the nasal septum
23
Q
Where does the meningeal nerve give off?
A
Before the ophthalmic division leaves the superior orbital fissure
24
What does the meningeal nerve supply?
The dura mater lining the middle cranial fossa (temporal lobes)
25
What branch of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve is the smallest of the three main branches?
Lacrimal
26
Is the lacrimal nerve motor to the lacrimal gland?
NO! It's purely sensory!
27
The lacrimal nerve travels along which muscle?
Lateral rectus
28
The lacrimal nerve also carries parasympathetic fibers that came from where?
Pterygopalatine ganglion from cranial nerve VII
29
What is the largest major branch of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve?
Frontal nerve
30
What are the two branches of the frontal nerve?
Supratrochlear and supraorbital nerves
31
The supratrochlear nerve carries sensation from what area?
From the medial corner of the eye
32
The supraorbital nerve carries sensation from what areas?
From the forehead, upper eyelid, conjunctiva, and the mucous membrane lining the frontal sinus
33
What are the two terminal branches of the nasociliary nerve?
Anterior ethmoid and infratrochlear nerve
34
What are the three branches of the nasociliary nerve that arise before the two terminal branches?
A communicating branch to the ciliary ganglion, long ciliary nerve, and posterior ethmoid nerve
35
What does the long ciliary nerve of the nasociliary nerve supply?
The eyeball
36
The posterior ethmoid nerve carries sensory information from what areas?
Sphenoidal and ethmoidal sinuses
37
What does the anterior ethmoid nerve supply?
Skin over the nose, mucous membrane covering the anterior part of the nasal septum
38
The anterior ethmoid nerve supplies the skin over the nose by way of what nerve?
External nasal nerve
39
The anterior ethmoid nerve supplies the mucous membrane covering the anterior part of the nasal septum by way of what nerve?
Internal nasal nerve
40
What does the infratrochlear nerve supply?
Medial corner of the eye, including the lacrimal sac
41
Parasympathetic information from the pterygopalatine ganglion to the lacrimal nerve gets there by way of what nerves?
Zygomatic nerve and zygomaticotemporal nerve (C.N. V2)
42
The maxillary division of cranial nerve V enters the pterygopalatine fossa through what osseous opening?
Foramen rotundum
43
The maxillary division carries sensation from what areas?
Skin between the eyes and mouth and over the cheeks and temples
44
The maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve carries information from the mucosa of which areas?
Maxillary sinuses, nasal conchae, palate, and gingiva
45
Which branch of the maxillary nerve of the trigeminal nerve is given off before the division exits the foramen rotundum and also supplies the meninges of the middle cranial fossa?
Middle meningeal nerve
46
The zygomatic nerve enters the orbit through what osseous opening?
Inferior orbital fissure
47
The zygomatic nerve has a communicating branch that serves what purpose?
Carry postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the pterygopalatine ganglion to the lacrimal gland
48
What does the zygomaticotemporal nerve supply?
Skin over the temple
49
What does the zygomaticofacial nerve supply?
Skin over the cheek
50
What nerves carry sensory information from the upper pharynx, nasal cavity, and palate?
Two or three ganglionic branches through the pterygopalatine ganglion to the maxillary division
51
What does the infraorbital nerve supply?
Lower eyelid, skin over the upper jaw, and the maxillary sinus
52
Before entering the infraorbital canal, the infraorbital nerve gives off what branches?
Posterior, middle, and anterior superior alveolar nerves
53
The infraorbital nerve travels through which osseous opening?
Infraorbital fissure and canal
54
The posterior superior alveolar nerve supplies which teeth?
Molars
55
The middle superior alveolar nerve supplies which teeth?
Premolars and canines
56
The anterior superior alveolar nerve supplies which teeth?
Incisors
57
What is the location of the superior dental plexus?
Just above the alveoli
58
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers reach the pterygopalatine ganglion from the facial nerve by way of what nerve?
Greater petrosal nerve
59
Postganglionic sympathetic fibers from what other ganglion also pass through the pterygopalatine ganglion?
Superior cervical ganglion
60
The mandibular division of cranial nerve V exits the cranial vault through what opening?
Foramen ovale
61
What makes up the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?
Large sensory root and small motor root
62
Where do the sensory and motor roots of cranial nerve V combine to form the mandibular division?
Infratemporal fossa
63
How many muscles are supplied by the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?
8 muscles including the muscles of mastication
64
What are the muscles of mastication?
Masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral pterygoids
65
What are the "other" muscles supplied by the trigeminal nerve?
Tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani, mylohyoid, and the anterior belly of digastric
66
From where does the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve carry sensation?
Skin over the mandible, posterior cheek, and posterior temple
67
The mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve carries sensation from mucosa of what locations?
Lower oral cavity and cheeks
68
What two branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve are given off in the infratemporal fossa?
Recurrent meningeal branch and medial pterygoid nerve
69
What is another name for the recurrent meningeal branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?
Nervus spinosum
70
The recurrent meningeal branch (nervus spinosum) of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve reenters the cranial vault through which opening?
Foramen spinosum
71
The recurrent meningeal branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (nervus spinosum) supplies the dura of what areas?
Middle cranial fossa, anterior cranial fossa, and calvarium
72
What does the medial pterygoid nerve supply?
Medial pterygoid with some fibers to tensor veli palatini and tensor tympani (that travel through the otic ganglion)
73
Which division of the mandibular nerve of the trigeminal nerve is larger?
Posterior division
74
What are the branches of the anterior division of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?
Masseter nerve, deep temporal nerve, lateral pterygoid nerve, and buccal nerve
75
What does the masseter nerve supply?
Motor - masseter muscle
| Sensory - temporomandibular joint
76
What does the deep temporal nerve supply?
Both of its branches (anterior and posterior) supply the temporalis muscle
77
What does the lateral pterygoid nerve supply?
Lateral pterygoid muscle
78
What is the major sensory branch of the anterior division of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve?
Buccal nerve
79
The buccal nerve of the anterior division of the mandibular division of cranial nerve V carries sensory information from where?
From the cheek (both skin and mucosal surfaces) and the buccal gingivae of the molars
80
The auriculotemporal nerve passes through what structure?
Parotid gland
81
The auriculotemporal nerve carries sensory information from where?
The skin of the temple and ear (also some postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the otic ganglion)
82
What is the course of the auriculotemporal nerve?
Through the parotid gland, posterior to the TMJ, and into the infratemporal fossa
83
What are the branches of the posterior division of the mandibular division of cranial nerve V?
Auriculotemporal, lingual, and inferior alveolar nerve
84
The lingual nerve carries sensory information from where?
The mucosa of the oral cavity
85
The lingual nerve combines with what branch in the infratemporal fossa?
Chorda tympani from cranial nerve VII
86
The inferior alveolar nerve carries sensory information from where?
The lower teeth and the chin
87
What branch of the inferior alveolar nerve supplies the incisors, canines, and 1st premolars along with the adjacent gingivae?
Incisive branch
88
What branch of the inferior alveolar nerve supplies the labial gingivae adjacent to the incisors and the skin of the lower lip and chin?
Mental nerve
89
What do the motor fibers of the inferior alveolar nerve supply?
Mylohyoid and the anterior belly of digastric
90
When do the motor fibers of the inferior alveolar nerve diverge to supply the anterior belly of digastric and mylohyoid?
BEFORE the inferior alveolar nerve passes through the mandibular foramen
91
If a bottom tooth needs numbing at the dentist, why must the entire bottom row become numbed?
Only one nerve is responsible for sensation down there (inferior alveolar nerve)
92
Why are dentists able to numb multiple individual locations on the upper row of teeth compared to the bottom row?
There are three superior alveolar nerves that go to different areas of the upper row of teeth
93
What condition involves unilateral pain within the field of distribution of cranial nerve V?
Trigeminal neuralgia
94
What is the nickname for cranial nerve VII?
Nerve of Facial Expression
95
What is the primary nucleus of origin of the facial nerve?
Motor nucleus of the facial nerve
96
What nucleus contributes preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the facial nerve?
Superior salivary nucleus
97
What is the special sensory function of the facial nerve?
Taste
98
Is the facial nerve mostly sensory or motor?
Motor
99
What is the location of the motor nucleus of the facial nerve?
Caudal part of the pons
100
Sensory fibers carried in the facial nerve terminate in what location?
Upper part of the solitary nucleus
101
Where are the cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the facial nerve located?
Geniculate ganglion
102
Facial preganglionic parasympathetic fibers synapse in what locations?
Pterygopalatine and submandibular ganglia
103
General sensation from what areas are carried to the geniculate ganglion?
External ear and lateral tympanic membrane
104
Information from the external ear and later tympanic membrane from the geniculate ganglion is carried to what location?
Solitary nucleus
105
Specific fibers that convert taste from the anterior part of the tongue are carried in what nerve?
Chorda tympani
106
The motor nucleus of the facial nerve contains axons of what kind of motor neurons?
Lower motor neurons
107
The motor nucleus of the facial nerve receives information from what areas?
Both cerebral hemispheres and the reticular formation
108
What spinal tract is analogous to the nuclei of termination to the main trigeminal nucleus of cranial nerve V?
Anterior spinothalamic
