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Micro > UNIT IV-C > Flashcards

UNIT IV-C Flashcards

1
Q

An alga that infects potato crops

A

Phytopthora infestants

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2
Q

Five Eukaryotic organisms that affect humans

A
  1. fungi
  2. Algae
  3. Protozoa
  4. parasitic helminths
  5. Arthropods
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3
Q

Life cycle of parasitic helminths

A

Egg, larva, and adult

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4
Q

Animals with jointed legs

A

Arthropods

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5
Q

Arthropods that transmit infectious diseases

A

Vectors

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6
Q

Is the study of fungi

A

Mycology

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7
Q

Help their roots absorb minerals and water from the soil

A

Mychorrhizae

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8
Q

Fungi for food

A

Mushroom

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9
Q

Fungi to produce foods

A

Bread and citric acid

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10
Q

Fungi to produce drug

A

Alcohol and penicillin

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11
Q

Cell wall of fungi

A

Chitin

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12
Q

Cell wall of bacteria

A

Peptidoglycan

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13
Q

Cell type of fungi

A

Eukaryotic

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14
Q

Cell type of bacteria

A

Prokaryotic

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15
Q

Two types of hyphae

A
  1. Septate hyphae
  2. Coenocytic hyphae
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16
Q

Hyphae contain cross wall

A

Septate hyphae

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17
Q

Cross-wall that divide them into cell-like units

A

Septa

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18
Q

Hyphae contain no or lack septa

A

Coenocytic hyphae

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19
Q

Hyphae grow by

A

Elongating at the tips

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20
Q

Thallus means

A

Body

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21
Q

Long filamentous of cells joined together

A

Hyphae

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22
Q

Mass of hyphae

A

Mycelium

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23
Q

The portion of hyphae that obtains nutrients

A

Vegetative hypha

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24
Q

The portion concerned with reproduction; bears reproductive spores

A

Reproductive or Aerial Hypha

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25
Q

Frequently found as a white powdery coating on fruits and leaves

A

Yeast

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26
Q

Divide unevenly

A

Budding yeasts

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27
Q

Divide evenly to produce two new cells

A

Fission yeasts

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28
Q

Buds that fail to detach themselves

A

Pseudohypha

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29
Q

Attaches to humans epithelial cells as a yeasts, requires pseudohypha to invade deeper tissues

A

Candida albicans

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30
Q

Two forms of growth

A
  1. Moldlike growth
  2. Yeastlike growth
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31
Q

Growth that produce vegetative and aerial hypha; 25°C

A

Moldlike growth

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32
Q

Growth that reproduce by budding; 37°C

A

Yeastlike growth

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33
Q

Are formed by the hyphae of one organism

A

Asexual spores

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34
Q

Result from the fusion of nuclei from two opposite mating strains of the same species of fungus

A

Sexual spores

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35
Q

Two types of asexual spores

A
  1. Conidiospores
  2. Sporangiospores
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36
Q

Three kinds under conidiospores

A
  1. Arthroconidia
  2. Blastoconidia
  3. Chlamydoconidia
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37
Q

Three phases of sexual reproduction

A
  1. Plasmogamy
  2. Karyogamy
  3. Meiosis
38
Q

A sporangium in which contain zygospores are produced

A

Zygosporangium

39
Q

Is the capsule structure; reproductive spores are produced and stored

A

Sporangium

40
Q

Three kinds under Sexual spores

A
  1. Zygospore
  2. Ascospore
  3. Basidiospore
41
Q

Thick-walled resting cell of certain fungi and algae

A

Zygospore

42
Q

Formed in a sac (ascus)

A

Ascospore

43
Q

Is a cubelike structure with 2-4 apical sterigmata that bear basidiospores

A

Basidium

44
Q

Medically important phyla of fungi

A
  1. Zygomycota
  2. Microsporidia
  3. Ascomycota
  4. Anamorphs
  5. Basidiomycota
45
Q

Also known as conjugation fungi

A

Zygomycota

46
Q

Common black bread mold

A

Rhizopus stolonifer

47
Q

Is a large spore enclosed in a thick wall

A

Zygospores

48
Q

Cause chronic diarrhea and keratoconjunctivitis in AIDS patients

A

Microsporidia

49
Q

Inflammation of the conjunctiva near the cornea

A

Keratoconjunctivitis

50
Q

Also known as sac fungi

A

Ascomycota

51
Q

Sac like structure

A

Ascus

52
Q

Also known as club fungi

A

Basidiomycota

53
Q

Two kinds of Anamorphs

A
  1. Teleomorphic fungi or Teleomorphs
  2. Anamorphic fungi
54
Q

Citric acid for foods and beverages

A

Aspergillus niger

55
Q

Bread, wine, HBV vaccine

A

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

56
Q

Biocontrol of pest

A

Entomophaga

57
Q

Biocontrol of fungi

A

Coniothyrium minitans

58
Q

Kill termites

A

Paecilomyces

59
Q

It is more common than bacteria spoilage

A

Mold spoilage

60
Q

Cause chestnut blight

A

Cryphonectria parasitica

61
Q

Cause dutch elm disease

A

Ceratocytis ulmi

62
Q

A fungal disease which has virtually eliminated the American chestnut

A

Chestnut Blight

63
Q

Fungal diseases/infections of Mycoses classified into five groups:

A
  1. Systemic mycoses
  2. Subcutaneous mycoses
  3. Cutaneous mycoses
  4. Superficial mycoses
  5. Opportunistic mycoses
64
Q

Deep within body

A

Systemic mycoses

65
Q

Beneath the skin

A

Subcutaneous mycoses

66
Q

Disease acquired by gardeners and farmers

A

Sporotrichosis

67
Q

Fungi that infects only the epidermis, hair, and nails are called

A

Dermatophytes

68
Q

Mutualistic combination of green alga and fungus

A

Lichens

69
Q

The first life forms to colonize newly exposed soil or rock

A

Lichens

70
Q

Three types of lichens

A
  1. Crustose lichens
  2. Foliose lichens
  3. Fruticose lichens
71
Q

Protective covering

A

Cortex

72
Q

Lichens as dye

A

Erythrolitmin

73
Q

Kingdom Protist divided into three groups

A
  1. Plant-like Protist
  2. Fungus-like protist
  3. Animal-like protist
74
Q

A fungal-like algae

A

Oomycetes

75
Q

Light-trapping pigment; responsible for colors of algae

A

Chlorophyll a

76
Q

Anchor the alga to a rock

A

Holdfast

77
Q

Body of multicellular alga

A

Thallus

78
Q

Leaflike

A

Blades

79
Q

Stemlike and offen hollow

A

Stipes

80
Q

Selected phyla of algae

A
  1. Phaeophyta
  2. Rhodophyta
  3. Chlorophyta
  4. Bacillariophyta
81
Q

Brown algae (kelp)

A

Phaeophyta

82
Q

A thickener used in many foods is extracted from their cell walls

A

Algin

83
Q

Red algae

A

Rhodophyta

84
Q

Gelatinous material, harvested for agar and carrageenan

A

Irish moss

85
Q

Green algae

A

Chlorophyta

86
Q

Have given rise to terrestrial plants

A

Chlorophyta

87
Q

They are called plankton

A

Dinoflagellates

88
Q

Free floating organisms

A

Plankton

89
Q

Water molds

A

Oomycota

90
Q

Responsible for Irish potato blight

A

Phytopthora infestans

91
Q

Periodic increases in number of planktonic algae

A

Algal blooms

Micro (2 decks)

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