Unit One Exam

Question 1

The knee is _____ to the ankle.

Answer 1

proximal

Question 2

The groin is known as the _____ region.

Answer 2

inguinal

Question 3

The diaphragm in relation to the abdominal region.

Answer 3

superior

Question 4

Collagen fibers running in one direction make random tendons and ligaments strong in one direction and are characteristic of this type of dense connective tissue.

Answer 4

dense regular

Question 5

The strongest cartilage type, is found in the knee joint and between the vertebrae.

Answer 5

fibrocartilage

Question 6

Most homeostatic mechanisms work by using positive feedback. T OR F

Answer 6

False????

Question 7

Negative feedback mechanisms are the primary types of mechanisms we use to maintain homeostasis. In these, the output will act to:

Answer 7

act to reverse or shut off the stimulus

Question 8

Which system(s) forms the communication or “feedback” loops to maintain homeostasis?

Answer 8

endocrine system & nervous system

Question 9

This passive transport process uses carrier molecules in the membrane to transport large substances, like glucose, from high concentration to low concentration.

Answer 9

facilitated diffusion

Question 10

Identify small, lipid soluble molecules passively diffusing across the cell membrane.

Answer 10

oxygen, steroids, alcohol, carbon dioxide

Question 11

This simple epithelial tissue consists of cells that vary in height and is found lining the upper respiratory tract.

Answer 11

pseudostratified epithelium

Question 12

Where is epithelial tissue found?

Answer 12

covering body surfaces & lining body cavities

Question 13

These membranes line freely moveable joints and secret a fluid that lubricates the bone ends as they move:

Answer 13

synovial membranes

Question 14

These membranes are commonly known as your skin.

Answer 14

cutaneous membrane.

Question 15

These membranes line body cavities that open to the outside, like the digestive tract.

Answer 15

mucous membranes

Question 16

Goblet cells produce:

Answer 16

mucus

Question 17

The universal reference position of the body is:

Answer 17

anatomical position

Question 18

Every structure in the human body can be categorized into one of these types in the body.

Answer 18

epithelium, connective, muscle, nervous

Question 19

If blood glucose is low, what must the body do to return to homeostasis?

Answer 19

release a hormone (glucagon) which acts to raise blood glucose levels

Question 20

A person just ate a bag of salty chips causing blood sodium (Na+) levels to rise. What must the body do to return to homeostasis?

Answer 20

release a hormone (ANF) which causes the kidneys to excrete sodium

Question 21

If blood pressure is high, what must the body do to return to homeostasis?

Answer 21

lower heart rate, which acts to lower the blood pressure

Question 22

You have been working outside in the heat, causing your body temperature to rise. As a result, you start sweating in an attempt to cool down. This is an example of a:

Answer 22

negative feedback mechanism

Question 23

Identify this primary tissue which conducts electrical impulses and can not regenerate.

Answer 23

nervous tissue

Question 24

The actual nerve cells are known as:

Answer 24

neurons

Question 25

Large of solid material is moved into cells, as when immune cells engulf bacteria, in the process known as:

Answer 25

phagocytosis

Question 26

In this form of bulk transport, fluid, and dissolved solutes are taken into the cell as the plasma membrane surrounds them and forms a vesicle that migrates inward.

Answer 26

pinocytosis

Question 27

What are tissues?

Answer 27

are composed of specialized cells, have similar structures, perform a common function of the body

Question 28

You are sweating on a warm day. Identify the fluid lost as sweat.

Answer 28

extracellular fluid

Question 29

The fluid found in the tissue space, around cells is known as:

Answer 29

interstitial fluid

Question 30

Which of the following is true of anatomy & physiology?

Answer 30

anatomy is the study of the structure of the human body, and physiology is the study of the function of body systems, and structure determines function

Question 31

Homeostasis requires constant communication between body systems to maintain balance. T OR F

Answer 31

True

Question 32

The middle lining of the stomach is composed of this type of muscle tissue.

Answer 32

smooth

Question 33

This primary tissue is excitable and has the unique ability to shorten or contract.

Answer 33

Muscular Tissue

Question 34

Non-living component outside the cells of connective tissue.

Answer 34

collagen protein fibers, and elastic protein fibers, reticular protein fibers, and gel-like or fluid-ground substance

Question 35

The extracellular matrix of connective tissue can be composed of:

Answer 35

protein fibers & ground substance

Question 36

Water moves from where there is more water to where there is less water.

Answer 36

True

Question 37

What happens to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution?

Answer 37

no change in the cell

Question 38

Solutions that cause no change in cells are known as:

Answer 38

isotonic

Question 39

Sending a simple message from your brain to your toes could be a pathway of a:

Answer 39

motor neuron

Question 40

The return of the membrane potential to its original charge, through the movement of potassium out of the neuron, occurs in:

Answer 40

repolarization

Question 41

What makes the voltage-gated channels open?

Answer 41

a change in voltage (to threshold)

Question 42

The traveling of the action potential down the axon is known as propagation or:

Answer 42

conduction??

Question 43

The ciliated linings of the bronchiolar system leading into the lungs are composed of this type of epithelium.

Answer 43

pseudostratified columnar

Question 44

This single layer of rectangular cells is found lining the gastrointestinal tract.

Answer 44

Simple columnar epithelia

Question 45

You are required to do a health screening to work in a hospital. You go to Radiology, and stand upright in front of an X-ray machine to take a radiograph of your chest. This is an example of which body plane:

Answer 45

frontal/coronal

Question 46

the lungs are found in what body cavity

Answer 46

pleural cavities

Question 47

This material surrounds the axon and allows the nerve messages to travel faster down the axons.

Answer 47

myelin

Question 48

This portion of the neuron is the generating and conducting component, which initiates the nerve impulses.

Answer 48

axon

Question 49

Identify the forms of passive transport.

Answer 49

Simple Diffusion. Facilitated Diffusion. Filtration. Osmosis.

Question 50

Which of the following is/are true of passive transport?

Answer 50

substances move down a concentration gradient & no energy is required for transport