Unit test 1 Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
7 statements of living things.
A
- Living things are made up of one or more cells
- Living things REPRODUCE, REPAIR and GROW.
- All living things require energy
- All living things react or respon to channges in the enviroment.
- All living things have a life span.
- All living things produce waste.
- All living things exchange gases.
2
Q
What is cell theory (three answers) :
A
The cell is the basic unit of life
All organisms are made up of one or more cells
All cells come from pre-existing cells
3
Q
Organs of a cell:
A
Organelles
4
Q
Direct cell activity/the brain:
A
Nucleus
5
Q
Has the construction plans/DNA of the cells:
A
ChromosomesSt
6
Q
Stores water and food for the cell/the fridge
A
Vacoule
7
Q
Allows organelles to move in the cell/jell-o like substance:
A
Cytoplasm
8
Q
Power house of the cell/the battery:
A
Mitochondria
9
Q
Adds support and protection to the cell/the crutch:
A
Cell wall
10
Q
Contains food for a plant/the chef:
A
Chloroplast
11
Q
Allows and refuses things into and out of the cell/Security guard:
A
Cell membrane
12
Q
Types of membranes:
Most things get through
A
Permeable
13
Q
Types of membranes:
Nothing can get through
A
Impermeable
14
Q
Types of membranes:
Some things can get through
A
Selectivley permeable
15
Q
The net movement of a substance travels DOWN its concentration gradient:
A
High to low concentration.
16
Q
When diffusion reaches the equilibrium, the net movement of molecules is zero, does this mean they’ve stopped moving?
A
No, this does not mean they stopped moving. This is because they nevver stop moving and when one changes sides it’s replaced by another
17
Q
Does simple diffusin require an imput of energy?
A
No
18
Q
Is simple diffusion passive or active transport:
A
Passive
19
Q
Does facilitated diffusion require an imput of energy?
A
Yes
20
Q
Is facilitated diffusion passive or active?
A
Active
21
Q
Osmosis refers only to the diffusion of ______
A
Water
22
Q
What happens to a cell once it’s put into salt water, and what is the difference to when its put in fresh water?
A
In fresh water, water rushes into the cell and makes it explode, in salt water all the water leaves the cell and - at its worst- implodes.
23
Q
water moves towards a ________ consentration of solute molecules
A
Higher
24
Q
Holds the objective lenses
A
Revolving nose piece
25
Magnifies the specimen with different powers
Objective Lenses
26
Focuses light to the specimen being viewed
Condenser Lens
27
Regulates the amount of reaching the specimen
Diaphragm
28
Used with the low-power objective lens only
Coarse-adjustment Knob
29
Also known as the eyepiece
Ocular Lens
30
Puts the specimen into sharper focus
Fine-adjustment Knob
31
The simple design and small size of _____________________ cells enable them to grow rapidly and divide, and to survive in almost any environment.
Bactria
32
Bacteria are different from animal and plant cells in that they have no______________, no ________________________, and no ribosomes.
Nucleus, Mitochondria
33
__________________ – contain chloroplasts, an eyespot, contractile vacuoles and also has a flagellum
Euglena
34
_________________ - bloblike organisms, pseudopod for travel, and feed by wrapping themselves around their food
Amoeba
35
_____________ - cilia for movement and feeding, and contain an oral groove, a gullet and contractile vacuoles.
Paramecium
36
MOVEMENT :
Cilia tiny hairs
Paramecium
37
MOVEMENT :
Pseudopod Streachs Cytoplasm Oozes
Amoeba
38
MOVEMENT :
Flagellum "whip tail"
Euglena
39
NUTRITION
Uses cilia to sweep food into its oral groove down the gulet to the food vacoule
Paramecium
40
NUTRITION
Oral groove uses pseudopods to wrap around and engolph its food
Amoeba
41
NUTRITION
Uses Chloroplasts for photosynphasis
Euglena
42
What direction was the e facing in the microscope
Upside Down
43
What direction does the specimen apeer to move when move it to the left
The Right
44
When changing the magnifacation higher does the field of view become smaller , bigger or stay the same
Smaller
45
Why should the coarse adjustment knob never be used on medium and high power
It moves the stage up and down and could bump into the lens ruining your specimen
46
basic unit of life
Cell
47
A group of cells simular in shape and function
Tissue
48
Several different tissues that combine and work together to accomplish a specific function
Organ
49
A group of organs that have related functions
organ systems
50
A continuous layer covering the entire body surface and most of the body’s inner cavities. It mainly serves to protect the animal. Ex. skin, lining inside the mouth and around organs.
Epithelial tissue:
51
Functions in holding structures together as well as providing support. Ex. tendons, bone, and blood (provides nutrients to most cells and removes their waste).
Connective tissue
52
A specialized tissue that can contract and is responsible for movement in animals. There are three types:
Smooth Muscle – involuntary, Ex. moving food from one end of your digestive tract to the other.
Skeletal Muscle – voluntary, Ex. using your biceps to bend your arm.
Cardiac Muscle – involuntary, found only in the heart.
Muscle tissue
53
Tissue surrounding the brain and nerve cord, made of cells called neurons.
Nervous tissue
54
protects from water loss and outside enviorment
Integumentry
55
Major role in gas exchange
Respetory
56
Provides active defense against invators
Lymphatic
57
Allows for movement
Muscle
58
Transports gases and nutrients
Circulatory
59
coordinates involuntary and voluntary responses
Nervous
60
Major role in horomone production
Endocrine
61
Exretes waste material and very important for homeostasis
Excretory
62
Involved in the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
Digestive
63
Supports the body
Skeletal
64
Ouch! You step on a tack and jerk away without even thinking. Then you decide to pick up the tack and place it back in a desk drawer.
Name two systems affected
Nervous , Muscle
65
You drink two cans of your favorite sugary soda, even though you know this is not healthy for you. You
have to run to the
bathroom before the next class period starts.
Name two systems affected
Digestive , Exretory
66
Why is it important to a plant to have air space between the cells in the middle of each leaf
Gas exchange can happen faster
67
Allows gases to reach cells in a plant
Air space
68
Transports water from roots to leaves
Xylem Vessle
69
Allows gases to move in and out of leaf
Stomates
70
Controls movement of gases in and out of leaf
Guard Cell
71
Location of photosynthesis in a plant
Palisade
72
Transports sugars and nutrients in a plant
Phloem Vessel
73
Protects against invadors in a plant
Cutical
74
Why is the ability to move water important to the survival of plants
Plants need water for photosynthesis
75
What structures in plants help move water, and sugar
Xylem and Phloem vessels
76
Some insects get their nutrients by sticking a needlelike mouth part into a plant which vessel do you belive their taping
Phloem Vessel
77
Is the Xylem vessel alive or dead
Dead
78
Is the Phloem vessel alive or dead
Alive
79
What substance does the Xylem carrie
Water
80
What substance does the Phloem carrie
Sugar
81
What direction does the Xylem go
Up
82
What direction does the Phloem go
Down
83
Explain root pressure
Water enters the root by OSMOSIS and PUSHED up the plant
84
Explain transpiration
Water gets EVAPORATED and PULLED up the plant
85
Which one of these is not a way water enters a plant :
Root pressure
diffusion
Capillarity
Transpiration
Diffusion
86
Describe the parts of leaf that make gas exchange possible
Spoungy mesophyll- allows gases to happen quickly
Guard cells - controles movement of gases in and out
Stomates - hole opening
87
Are viruses considerd alive ? why or why not ?
No they are not alive because they can not reproduce
88
TRUE OR FALSE IF FALSE EXPLAIN
Viruses can be treated with antibodys
False because antibodys only kill living things
89
TRUE OR FALSE IF FALSE EXPLAIN
Viruses are smaller than the hosts they infect.
True
90
TRUE OR FALSE IF FALSE EXPLAIN
Viruses require a host to reproduce
True
91
TRUE OR FALSE IF FALSE EXPLAIN
Viruses only target animals
False they also target plants
92
Describe two ways in which white blood cells protect the body from infection and disease
Atacks the invaders ENGOULPHING it directly
Makes antibodys
93
What is a antibody
Antibodys are large molecules that lock onto invaders stopping them from reprodusing
94
Will an antibody produced for one virus, work on a different virus why or why not
No because it would not be the right shape
95
How do vaccines work?
-Ingecting dead or weak virus
-Makes antibody
- Ready for real thing
96
What is organic food
Organic food is not sprayed with chemicals
97
What is geneticly modified food
Geneticly modified food is food thats dna is changed or modified
98
Whats an Impartle opinion
A opinon that is not biased to one side
99
Whats an biased opinion
A opinon that favors one side
100
order these ORGAN SYSTEMS , CELLS , ORGANS, TISSUES and ORGANISMS
CELLS
TISSUES
ORGANS
ORGAN SYSTEMS
ORGANISMS
