Unit Test

Question 1

which compounds have the same moleculer formula but different structures

Answer 1

isomers

Question 2

which of these compounds has the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms on it’s carbon chain

Answer 2

saturated hydrocarbon

Question 3

what shapes do hydrocarbons form

Answer 3

straight chains
branches chains
ring-shaped chains

Question 4

how many chemical bonds can each carbon atom form

Answer 4

four

Question 5

a very large organic molecule made up of chains of smaller molecules is called a

Answer 5

polymer

Question 6

an element whose atoms can make straight chains, branched chains, and rings is

Answer 6

carbon

Question 7

A carbohydrate is made up of the elements carbon and hydrogen, plus

Answer 7

oxygen

Question 8

which class of organic compounds stores the most energy, gram for gram

Answer 8

lipids

Question 9

glucose is a monosaccharide with the chemical formula

Answer 9

C6
H12
O6

Question 10

sucrose is an example of a disaccharide, it consist of

Answer 10

two monosaccharides

Question 11

A large carbohydrate consisting of many monosaccharides is a

Answer 11

polysaccharides

Question 12

starch, glycogen, and cellulose are all examples of

Answer 12

polymers

Question 13

The reason humans cannot digest grass is because we cannot

Answer 13

break the beta bond form in cellulose

Question 14

this type of chemical reaction results in the removal of a water molecule

Answer 14

dehydration synthesis

Question 15

A triglyceride is comprised of a

Answer 15

glyceryl head and three fatty acid tails

Question 16

fatty acid tails are hydrophobic, which means

Answer 16

repel water

Question 17

consider a polysaccharide containing 46 monosaccharides, how many water molecules would have resulted from this bond

Answer 17

45

Question 18

The addition of water resulting in the separation of a larger molecule into smaller molecules would be an example of

Answer 18

hydrolysis

Question 19

the most abundant and important monosaccharide found in the body is

Answer 19

glucose

Question 20

why are carbohydrates so important in life

Answer 20

they are an important source of energy

Question 21

name the 4 main elements that make up 95% of an organism

Answer 21

carbon
hydrogen
nitrogen
oxygen

Question 22

name the 4 types of bonds carbon can from

Answer 22

single
double
triple
quadruple

Question 23

what are macromolecules

Answer 23

each small organic molecule can be a unit of a large organic molecule

Question 24

name the 4 classes of macromolecules

Answer 24

polysaccharides
lipids
protein
nucleic acid

Question 25

2 examples of nucleic acids

Answer 25

phosphate | nitrogen base

Question 26

what elements make up carbohydrates and lipids

Answer 26

carbon hydrogen oxygen

Question 27

name 3 elements your body needs trace amounts of for proper functioning

Answer 27

calcium potassium sulfur

Question 28

macromolecules are also known as ______________

Answer 28

polymers

Question 29

if all the macromolecules are made mainly of the elements CHO, how are they different

Answer 29

in different ratios this gives each compound different proteins

Question 30

name 2 ways your body uses carbohydrates

Answer 30

energy | structure and support

Question 31

what are the subnits called that make up carbohydrates

Answer 31

monosaccharides

Question 32

what is the ratio of C, H, and O in monosaccharides

Answer 32

1:2:1

Question 33

name 3 monosaccharides

Answer 33

glucose fructose galacose

Question 34

what are monosaccharides

Answer 34

simple sugars

Question 35

what are disaccharide

Answer 35

two simple sugars bonded together

Question 36

example of disaccharide

Answer 36

lactose maltose cellutose

Question 37

long chains of sugars are

Answer 37

polysaccharides

Question 38

example of a polysaccharide

Answer 38

cellutose chitin glycogen

Question 39

what subunits make up proteins

Answer 39

amino acids

Question 40

proteins also act as _______ in cells to control reactions

Answer 40

enzymes

Question 41

name the 2 functional groups in amino acids

Answer 41

carboxyl | amino

Question 42

cells have __________ of enzymes to act as biological __________

Answer 42

thousands | catalysts

Question 43

enzymes have an attachment site called the _________ site for the ________ to join

Answer 43

active | enzyme

Question 44

what is the effect of excess heat or temperature on an enzyme

Answer 44

- a change in the pH form neutral | - change the shape of the enzymes and their active sites is the enzyme is unable to work

Question 45

amino acids are linked together to make proteins by removing a molecule of ________ in a process called _______

Answer 45

water | condensation

Question 46

chains of amino acids make _________ which can join together to make a _______

Answer 46

polypeptide | proteins

Question 47

________ bonds form when water is removed to hold _______ acids together

Answer 47

peptide | amino

Question 48

lipids are non-polar. what does this mean

Answer 48

won't dissolve in water

Question 49

what is another name for carbon compounds

Answer 49

organic compounds

Question 50

which class of polymers present in living things consist of chains of amino acids

Answer 50

lipids

Question 51

which element is found in protein but not carbohydrates or lipids

Answer 51

nitrogen

Question 52

The joining of two amino acids will result in a single

Answer 52

peptide bond

Question 53

A long chain of amino acids is referred to as a

Answer 53

polypeptide

Question 54

polymers of proteins are all synthesized from monomers by which process

Answer 54

The removal of water

Question 55

what stage in protein folding would cause an error or mistake cause the damage

Answer 55

primary

Question 56

two nucleic acids responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information are

Answer 56

DNA | RNA

Question 57

what type of bond exists between a phosphate group and a sugar of a nucleic acid

Answer 57

phosphodiester