Unit three vocab Flashcards
(25 cards)
ethnic enclave
Relatively small, ethnically
homogenous areas situated within a larger and more diverse cultural context
popular
Culture found in large, heterogeneous societies that share certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics.
hearth
The place where an idea/innovation originates
cultural relativism
The principle that an individual human’s beliefs
and actions should be understood by others in terms of that
individual’s own culture
folk
Culture that is traditionally practiced primarily by small, homogenous groups living in isolated rural areas.
ethnocentrism
The belief that one’s own culture or ethnic group is
superior to others; judging other groups through the lens of one’s own culture. Very much related to xenophobia.
contagious
Diffusion where one person spreads an idea/innovation to multiple people and then those people spread it to multiple people and so on and so forth
pidgin
A simplified form of a
language that allows speakers of two
different languages to communicate
cultural convergence
When two cultures become more similar the more that they interact
animism
The belief commonly found in Ethnic African religions that natural objects (stones, plants, etc.) and events (thunderstorms, earthquakes, etc.) have a spirit.
stimulus
When something spreads but is changed by the people
who adapt the idea/innovation
relocation
The spread of an idea/innovation through the physical movement of people
universalizing
Religions that offer belief systems that are attractive to a universal population. They actively seek new members, will accept anyone
and have diverse membership
creolization
A language that results from the mixing of the colonizer’s language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated.
hierarchical
The spread of an idea/innovation from one key person or node of authority/power to other persons/places with less power/authority (from more influential to less influential
assimilation
The process of absorbing one cultural group into another. When this happens,
one group can no longer be distinguished from another more dominant group
acculturation
The adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by
one group under the influence of another, while still maintaining elements of their own culture.
expansion
An idea/innovation develops in a hearth and remains strong there, while also spreading outwards (the idea/innovation moves, not the people)
sequent occupancy
The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape
dialect
A regional variation of a language distinguished by unique vocabulary, pronunciation and spelling.
syncretism
When traits from two distinct cultures fuse to form a new cultural trait
Lingua Franca
A language of international communication.
Taboo
Behaviors heavily discouraged by a culture
multiculturalism
The coexistence
of several cultures in one society, with the ideal of all cultures being valued and worthy of practice
