Unit1-Cells

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

controls the functions of the cell

Question 2

what type of cell has a cell wall

Answer 2

plant cell

Question 3

what makes a plant green

Answer 3

chlorophyll within chloroplasts

Question 4

mitochondria

Answer 4

site of aerobic respiration. where ATP is produced (for energy)

Question 5

ribosomes

Answer 5

where amino acids are used to build a protein

Question 6

cell wall

Answer 6

provides support for cell/ holds shape. only plant cells

Question 7

cell membrane

Answer 7

controls what goes in and out of cell

Question 8

cytoplasm

Answer 8

where the cell’s activity takes place

Question 9

vacuole

Answer 9

stores sap- water, sugar, salt

Question 10

types of cell

Answer 10

animal cell
plant cell
bacterial cell
fungal cell

Question 11

diffusion is…

Answer 11

the movement of particles of a substance down a concentration gradient from a high concentration to a low concentration until they are equal

Question 12

concentration gradient

Answer 12

difference in concentration of a substance on either side of a selectively permeable membrane

Question 13

examples of places that diffusion takes place

Answer 13

small intestine
breathing
nerve signals
plant cells

Question 14

membranes consist of a

Answer 14

phospholipid bilayer

Question 15

what to do channel proteins do

Answer 15

allow small soluble molecules to pass through but not large insoluble molecules

Question 16

formula for %concentration

Answer 16

solute
—— x100
solution

Question 17

formula for solute

Answer 17

            100%

Question 18

formula for solution

Answer 18

%concentration

Question 19

solvent

Answer 19

something that the thing dissolves in

Question 20

solute

Answer 20

the thing that dissolves

Question 21

osmosis

Answer 21

osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 22

example if diffusion in the human body

Answer 22

breathing- oxygen diffuses into blood

digestion- amino acids and glucose are diffuser into the bloodstream

Question 23

what is arranged in a bilayer

Answer 23

phospholipids

Question 24

the carrier molecules that pump ions across a membrane are made of…

Answer 24

protein

Question 25

hydrophilic means

Answer 25

thrives in water

Question 26

hydrophobic means

Answer 26

hates water and doesn’t touch it

Question 27

hypertonic means

Answer 27

higher solute conc (lower water conc)

Question 28

hypotonic means

Answer 28

lower solute conc (higher water conc)

Question 29

isotonic

Answer 29

equal conc

Question 30

plasmalysed means

Answer 30

less water so is membrane is shrivelling (for plant cells- pulling away from cell wall)

Question 31

turgid means

Answer 31

swollen. lots of water

Question 32

active transport is

Answer 32

movement of molecules across a membrane from a region of LOW conc to a region of HIGH conc

Question 33

active transport requires ____ because

Answer 33

energy because it is moving against the conc gradient. the opposite direction of diffusion

Question 34

diffusion and osmosis move ___ the conc gradient

Answer 34

down

Question 35

why do cells divide

Answer 35

growth tissue repair asexual reproduction

Question 36

chromosomes

Answer 36

has sections of information along it called genes that have information for certain functions

Question 37

mitosis

Answer 37

the process by which the chromosomes in the nucleus copy and divide into two new nuclei ready for cell division

Question 38

why is mitosis important

Answer 38

all the cells in an organism need to have a complete compliment of the genetic information to be able to carry out all cell functions

Question 39

diploid

Answer 39

a cell with a double set of chromosomes

Question 40

haploid

Answer 40

a cell with a single set of chromosomes

Question 41

stages of mitosis

Answer 41

``` Interphase Visible Equator Separate Divides ```

Question 42

centriole

Answer 42

where spindle fibres grow from

Question 43

centromere

Answer 43

holds together chromotids

Question 44

when drawing a graph

Answer 44

P recise A ny number you want to start N o collapsed axis T wo numbers at start