Units 7-10 Flashcards by LEAH BJORGO

What is the electron geometry for ammonia?

Tetrahedral (4 electron areas)

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What is the molecular geometry in ammonia?

Trigonal Pyramidal

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what is the bond angle for ammonia?

109.5

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What will make a molecule, with an electron pair geometry of tetrahedral, be have a molecular shape of bent?

Must have 2 lone pairs

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What makes an overall dipole polar? what will make the dipole non-polar? and how is the dipole shown?

Overall dipole polar- different levels of electronegativity, lone pairs or 2 elements pulling from middle atom

Overall dipole non-polar- will be even concentration of electonegativy pull across, will NOT have lone pairs

Dipole will be an arrow that points to the most electonegtive element

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What makes an element soluble in water?

O-H bonds; polar

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If a 250 mL sample of tap water was found to contain 3.2 x 10-5 g Ba and 0.0041 g nitrate, would these exceed the limits of 2000ppb for Barium and 10ppm for nitrate?

Ba is under the limit
Nitrate exceeds the limit

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Determine the molarity of a solution if 4.2 g of magnesium chloride is dissolved to make a
solution with a final volume of 550 mL

0.08 M MgCl2

(set-up: 4.2g MgCl2 x 1 mol MgCl2/95.21 g MgCl2 = 0.04 mol MgCl2 —-> 0.04 mol MgCl2/0.550 L = 0.08 M MgCl2)

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Write the balanced equation for the ionization of perchloric acid, HClO4(aq), a strong acid

HClO4 (aq) —> H+ (aq) + ClO4- (aq)

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What is the balanced equation for the ionization of a solution of barium hydroxide, a strong base

Ba(OH)2 (aq) —-> Ba+2 (aq) + 2 OH- (aq)

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What will a equation include with a weak acid or base? Why?

arrows pointing toward and away from product bc they do not dissolve 100%

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What is the balanced equation for the acid/base reactions for perchloric acid (HClO4) reacting with barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)2)

2 HClO4 (aq) + Ba(OH)2 (aq) ——> Ba(ClO4)2 (aq) + 2 H2O (l)

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If the pH of a solution is 4.00 is it acidic or basic? What is the concentration of H+ ?

Acidic, concetaion of H+ will be 1.0 x 10^-4

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What is the concertation of H+ ions if the pH is 9.65, is this acidic or basic?

2.2 x 10^-10, basic

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If the pH of a solution is 12.00 will it be acidic or basic, what is the concentration of OH- molecules

1.0 x 10-2 & it will be basic

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If 385 g ethylene glycol is mixed with 415 g water, what is the weight percent of ethylene
glycol in the mixture?

48.1%

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To convert from parts per million to __(a)___ one must multiply by ___(b)___.

a. weight percent
b. 10^-4

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Molarity is defined as moles of solute per ____ of _____.

L (liters)
solution

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1 ppb is ___

μg/ 1L

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Isotonic saline solution has a mass % NaCl concentration of 0.900%. Assuming its
density is 1.00 g/mL, what is its molarity?

0.154 M

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If 750 mL of a certain solution contains 50.0 g Na2SO4, the sodium ion concentration,
[Na+], is_____.

0.939 M

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Calculate the pH of [ H+ ] = 6.0 x 10 ^-10 M; is it basic or acidic?

pH = 9.2
Basic

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What is the pH of a solution with a concentration of [OH- ] of 3 x 10^-2 M; is it basic or acidic

pH = 12.5 ; basic

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What is the concentration, in ppm, if 0.808 grams of CaCl2 is dissolved in 250.0 ml of
water (1ml water= 1 g)

3220 ppm

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Mg(OH)2 has a pH of 10.5 1. is it acidic or basic? 2. what is concentraoin of H+ 3. what is concentraiton of OH- 4. What is the pOH

1. Basic 2. 3 x 10^-11 M 3. 3 x 10 ^-4 M 4. 3.5

f the hydroxide ion concentration of an aqueous solution is 1.0 x 10-3 M, what is the hydronium concentration in the solution? Is the solution acidic, basic, or neutral?

[H+] = 1.0 x 10^-11 M basic

Determine the approximate number of H2C=CH2 monomeric units, n, in one molecule of polyethylene with a molar mass of 40,000 g/mole. How many C-atoms would be in this molecule?

1428 monomer units 2856 C atoms

What is the functional group in ethylene glycol

Alcohol

What is the functional group in styrene?

Alkene/aromatic

What functional groups contain N? What is it next to?

Amine --> C - N - C... Amide --> O-C- N - C ...

What is the functional group of ether?

C --O -- C , oxygen between two carbon atoms

What is functional group that has an OH group along the alkene?

Alcohol

What makes an ESTER functional group?

oxygen double- bonded to C which is connected to a O between 2 carbons O || ---C --O --C ...

What is the concentration of 2.3 g ammonia in 12.5 mL water in mol/L?

10.7 mol/L

Is acetic acid polar or nonpolar? Is it soluble in water?

Polar. Is soluble in water

What are the greenhouse gases?

CO2, CH4, N2O, CFCs (generally), O3, H2O

What is the electon pair geomerty of SH2? what is the molecular geometry?

E.P: tetrahedral ( 2 lone pairs) M.G : Bent

How many resonace strucures does NO3- have? How?

3; double bond from O to N can change

Which of the following substances have a pH below 7? 1. cranberry juice 2. blood 3. sea water 4. ammonia 5. soap 6. dissolved CO2

1. Cranberry Juice 6. dissolved CO2

What is the differnce between condensation polymerization v addition polymerization?

Condensation adds OH group addition will be the same molecules over and over due to a radical being added

What is the forumla of Lead (II) carbonate?

PbCO3

What is the name of NiSO4?

Nickel (II) sulfate

In an exothermic reaction, are the products higher or lower in energy than the reactants?

LOWER Exothermic reactions release energy which means the products must be lower in energy than the reactants

What defines an UNsaturated fatty acid?

A long chain with a C=C (carbon double bond)

The ionization of Ca(OH) 2, a strong base

---> Ca +2 (aq) + 2 OH- (aq)

The combustion of liquid pentane (C 5H 12)

----> 5 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (g)

The reaction between HNO3, a strong acid, and Ba(OH)2, a strong base --->

----> 2 H2O (L) + Ba(NO3)2 (aq)

The pH of a solution increases from 7.4 to 9.5. What is the percent increase in the concentration of OH - ions?

12,500% increase (set-up: find conentration of OH of each pH level and then divide ( OH (final pH) concentration -- OH (orginal pH) concentraiton) / initial concentration of OH x 100%

Which bonds are broken during the combustion of propane?

C-H and O=O

What term is used to describe a PHASE TRANSITION?

Sublimation

Hydrogen bonds are ....

intermolecular bonds occurs in molecules where H is bonded to O, N, or F

What is a diatomic element?

A molecule that is composed of two atoms of the same element

Because the speed of light is a constant, the wavelength of light is ____ to its frequency.

inversley proporational to

Using a soda can calorimeter, it is observed that the heat/per gram of fuel is equal to 37.6 kJ/g for butane. If the calorimeter efficiency is 76%, what is the corrected heat per gram?

49.5 kJ/g

What is the bond angle for tetrahedral?

109.5

What is the bond dipole for SO3 and is it non-polar or polar?

overall dipole is pointing towards the O atoms and it will be non-polar

1 ppm = ___ ppb

1 ppm=1000 ppb

What is the concentration of chromium in 25.0 mL sample of tap water was found to contain 2.3 x 10-5 g of chromium in ppb?

920 ppb

If a solution has a pH of 10.5 is it acidic, basic, or neutral?

Basic --> concentration 10^-10.5

When a solution is diluted, what is the relationship of the number of moles of solute in the initial solution with respect to the number of moles of solute in the final solution?

The number of moles of solute in both solutions is the same

What happens if you dilute a solution with a pH of 3.3?

The pH will become a higher number since the concentraion of H+ protons will be more spread out

Write the balanced reaction equation for the acid-base reaction between Ba(OH)2(aq) and H2SO4(aq).

Ba(OH)2 + H2SO4 --> 2 H2O + BaSO4

A ___ solution can light up a light bulb

strong or weak

The average molar mass of PVC is 21,150 g/mol. Determine the approximate number of vinyl chloride monomeric units, n, present one molecule of PVC.

one monomer : molar mass = 62.45 g/mol n = 339 units

Below are the densities of some other common plastics: * PET 1.38 to 1.39 g/mL * HDPE 0.95 to 0.97 g/mL * LDPE 0.90 to 0.91 g/mL. Based on these densities, which plastic(s) could be separated in an ethanol/water mixture that has a density of 0.88 g/mL?

NONE all the plastics would SINK

Units 7-10 Flashcards

Water and Solutions, Acids and Bases, Plastics and Polymers, Food and Nutrition (66 cards)