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chem 047 > Units A-C > Flashcards

Units A-C Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the formula to change a measured value into a required unit?

A

Measured Unit Multiplied by Conversion factor(s) = Required unit.

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2
Q

What is a conversion factor?

A

A fractional expression relating or connecting two different units.

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3
Q

Another way of writing the conversion formula?

A

Unknown amount = Initial amount X Conversion Factor.

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4
Q

What is Proper Scientific Notation?

A

a x 10^b

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5
Q

To convert from Scientific Notation to a number how should you move the decimal?

A

Move the decimal to the Right for Positive powers and to the Left for Negative powers.

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6
Q

Are Negative Powers of 10 converted into positive powers?

A

No, Never.

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7
Q

What is the first Exponent rule?

A

When multiplying with the same base, add powers.

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8
Q

What is the second Exponent rule?

A

When dividing with the same base, subtract powers.

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9
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

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10
Q

What are the characteristics of a solid?

A

Fixed shape and volume
Particles touch
Particles don’t move

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11
Q

What are the characteristics of a liquid?

A

Fixed volume
No fixed shape, molds to container
Particles are touching and move fluidly

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of a gas?

A

No fixed shape OR volume
Fills container
Particles are apart and move freely (seldom touch)

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13
Q

What is physical change?

A

A reaction where the chemical composition of a substance is unchanged (ie ice melting)

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14
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

A reaction where the chemical composition changes and bonds between atoms break and form. These create new substances.

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15
Q

What is a pure substance?

A

A substance that can’t be separated into other materials by any physical means.

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16
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Two or more substances that can be separated by physical processes. These can be Homogeneous or Heterogeneous.

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17
Q

How are substances distributed in a Homogeneous mixture?

A

Evenly, like sugar and water.

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18
Q

How are substances distributed in a Heterogeneous mixture?

A

Unevenly, like oil and water.

19
Q

What does amu stand for?

A

Atomic mass unit

20
Q

Properties of electrons?

A

Symbol e-, charge -1, location outside nucleus

21
Q

Properties of protons?

A

Symbol p, Charge +1, Location inside nucleus

22
Q

Properties of neutrons?

A

Symbol n, charge 0, location inside nucleus

23
Q

What does immiscible mean?

A

Insoluble

24
Q

What does miscible mean?

A

Mutually soluble liquids in all proportions

25
Q

A neutral atom has the same number of what?

A

Protons and neutrons

26
Q

An ion has a different number of what?

A

Electrons and neutrons.

27
Q

What is an ion and how do you tell what kind it is?

A

An ion is an atom with a charge (different number of electrons and neutrons). If there are more electrons it is negative, more protons and it’s positive .

28
Q

What is another name for a positive ion?

A

A Cation (think CAT-ion)

29
Q

What is another name for a negative ion?

A

An anion (think onion)

30
Q

What is density?

A

The relationship between the mass and volume of an object.

31
Q

What is the formula for density?

A

Density = mass / volume

32
Q

What is an Isotope?

A

Two atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons (different mass)

33
Q

Who was the first person to suggest the idea of the atom?

A

Democritus

34
Q

Which atomic particle did J.J Thompson discover?

A

The electron.

35
Q

How did Rutherford’s experiment help him discover the nucleus

A

Most of the alpha particles went through the gold sheet, some bounced back at large angles, suggesting a mass.

36
Q

Who discovered the Chocolate chip/ plum pudding model of the atom?

A

J.J. Thompson

37
Q

What causes fireworks?

A

Electrons shifting between energy levels

38
Q

1L is how many mL?

A

1000mL

39
Q

1cm cubed is how many mL?

A

1mL

40
Q

1kg is how many g?

A

1000g

41
Q

1g is how many mg?

A

1000mg

42
Q

1m cubed is how many L?

A

10^3 L

43
Q

1t (Tonne) is how many kg?

A

10^3 kg

chem 047 (5 decks)

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