Unsoundness

Question 1

any condition that interferes with or is apt to interfere with function and performance

Answer 1

unsoundness

Question 2

what is unsoundness usually caused by?

Answer 2

poor conformation

Question 3

unattractive, but does not interfere with function and performance (scars), usually an acquired physical condition

Answer 3

blemish

Question 4

can affect usefulness, usually characterized by cloudiness of the cornea or complete change of color to white

Answer 4

blindness

Question 5

inflammation of the inner eye due part to vitamin b deficiency, impairs vision, treatment usually unsuccessful

Answer 5

moon blindness (periodic ophthalmia)

Question 6

various jaw/tooth misalignments (malocclusion)

Answer 6

badmouth (usually inherited)

Question 7

undershot jaw where lower jaw/teeth extend beyond the top teeth

Answer 7

monkey mouth

Question 8

overshot jaw where upper jaw/teeth extend beyond lower teeth

Answer 8

parrot mouth

Question 9

fistula (lesion/sore) on the poll due to bruising or persistent irritation

Answer 9

poll evil

Question 10

inflammation of withers, treat early or may result in severe infection of a crestfallen condition of the neck

Answer 10

fistulous withers

Question 11

wasting away of the shoulder muscles caused by damage to a nerve in the shoulder due to a kick, hitting a wall, or a solid object, can cause lameness usually characterized by swinging leg out as it comes forward

Answer 11

sweeney

Question 12

marks left after healing of a wound, usually white hairs grow in the area

Answer 12

scars

Question 13

passage of intestine through an opening in the abdomen usually near the umbilicus

Answer 13

hernia

Question 14

paralysis or partial paralysis of nerves that control muscles of the vocal cords causing a roaring or whistling sound when air is inhaled into the lungs

Answer 14

roaring

Question 15

caused by loss of elasticity of lungs, visible contraction of flank muscles during expiration of usually caused by dusty hay, severe exertion, and respiratory infections

Answer 15

heaves

Question 16

soft, fluctuating enlargement in the upper part of the hock due to a distention of the joint capsule. result of horses trying to straighten the hock or trauma such as quick stops/turns or getting kicked

Answer 16

bog spavin

Question 17

bony enlargement at the base and inside of hock; common in light horses, especially those with sickle hocks or shallow hock joints

Answer 17

bone spavin

Question 18

thickening of the back surface of the led above the fetlock; super flexor tendon, deep flexor tendon and suspensory ligaments commonly involved; severe strain, wear and tear with age and horses with small tendons attached to light round bones

Answer 18

bowed tendons

Question 19

occur on front, top portion of the cannon bone, possibly from stress on tendons or forces distributed up the bone during fast, hard work, usually in young racehorses

Answer 19

bucked shins

Question 20

blemish at the point of the elbow, usually caused by injury while laying down

Answer 20

capped elbow (shoe boil)

Question 21

thickening of the skin or large callus at the point of the hock; fairly common; usually due to bumping hocks during hauling in short or unpadded trailers

Answer 21

capped hock

Question 22

most common at the knee; small fractures that break off one of the seven bones of the knee; caused by high concussion and stress; seen often in racehorses in high training

Answer 22

chip fractures

Question 23

back of the foot becomes narrower than normal; caused by improper farrier work and hoof growth; lameness can also cause this condition if horse isn’t applying weight to the front properly

Answer 23

contracted heel

Question 24

inflammation of the sensitive laminae that attaches to the hoof to the fleshy part of the hoof; caused from an allergic reaction, excess grain and lush grass; front feet usually affected most

Answer 24

founder/laminits

Question 25

inflammation of the navicular bone and bursa; causes include hard work, upright pasterns, small feet, and trimming heels to low, can but nerve so horse has no feeling; it is not inherited

Answer 25

navicular disease

Question 26

soft swellings of front (and sides) of fetlock joint; caused from injury to the joint capsule of the fetlock often seen in racehorses in training

Answer 26

osselets

Question 27

usually associated with hoof wall being too long or horses in rain/mud for long periods

Answer 27

cracks (quarter, toe, heel)

Question 28

bony enlargements on pastern bones; due to tearing and damage of the ligaments and tendons at these bones; causes heat, swelling and pain

Answer 28

ringbone

Question 29

in ringbone the tearing damages the surface of the bone and stimulates the production of what?

Answer 29

new bone

Question 30

in ringbone straight shoulders and upright pasterns often worsen the stress of what?

Answer 30

tendons and ligaments

Question 31

inflammation of the ligaments that holds the splint bones to the cannon bone; usually associated with conformation problems that place stress on the inside of the leg, trauma or hard training

Answer 31

splints

Question 32

displaced patella of the stifle joint

Answer 32

stifled

Question 33

inflammation of the frog due to bacteria; blackish color, foul smelling, chalky; due to wet conditions, dirty stalls, and unclean hooves

Answer 33

thrush

Question 34

soft enlargements located at the ankle joints and due to enlargement of the synovial (lubricating) sacs

Answer 34

windpuffs (windgalls, road puffs)