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Unit 2 challenge and change > Untitled Deck > Flashcards

Untitled Deck Flashcards

(51 cards)

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1
Q

What are social trends?

A

Large scale changes in our society.

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2
Q

What is the Replacement Fertility Level?

A

The average number of children that the people who can get pregnant of one generation would need to have to result in a generation of the same size.

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3
Q

Name the key characteristics of the Lost Generation.

A
  • WW1
  • Consumerism
  • 2nd Industrial Revolution
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4
Q

What events characterize the Greatest Generation?

A
  • WW2
  • Economic crisis
  • Great depression
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5
Q

What are the defining features of the Silent Generation?

A
  • Civil rights movement
  • Feminism
  • Rock music
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6
Q

What defines the Baby Boomers?

A
  • Prosperous economy
  • Birth control
  • Women in careers
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7
Q

What are the characteristics of Generation X?

A
  • ‘MTV’ generation
  • Independent generation
  • Divorce became normal
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8
Q

What defines Millennials?

A
  • Internet
  • Student loan debt
  • Recession
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9
Q

What are the key features of Generation Z?

A
  • Mental health
  • Cell phones
  • Aware of social issues
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10
Q

Define fertility rate.

A

Ratio of live births in an area to the population of that area.

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11
Q

What factors can lead to social change?

A
  • Catalyst
  • Crisis/Emergency
  • Leadership
  • Social elites
  • Education
  • Embracing new technologies/discoveries
  • Population ready for change
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12
Q

What is a catalyst in the context of social change?

A

A person or event that quickly causes change or action.

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13
Q

What are some barriers to social change?

A
  • Traditional cultural values
  • Little cultural interaction
  • Limited education/innovation
  • Those in power maintaining the status quo
  • Fear of social/economic costs
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14
Q

Define anomie.

A

The lack of usual or ethical standards of an individual or group.

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15
Q

What does conformity mean?

A

To follow or adhere to social norms.

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16
Q

Define deviance.

A

To ignore or go against social norms.

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17
Q

What is a social norm?

A

Accepted behaviour that an individual is expected to conform to in a particular group, community, or culture.

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18
Q

What is normative conformity?

A

Acting within social norms.

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19
Q

What is informational conformity?

A

The tendency to rely on group wisdom to dictate appropriate actions.

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20
Q

Define alienation.

A

Social exclusion.

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21
Q

What are the four factors of deviance?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Location
  • Age
  • Social status
  • Individual societies
22
Q

What is collective behaviour?

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A

Spontaneous and unstructured behaviour of a group of people in response to the same event, situation, or problem.

23
Q

Name the four types of crowds.

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A
  • Casual crowd
  • Conventional crowd
  • Expressive crowd
  • Acting crowd
24
Q

What characterizes a mob?

Study These Flashcards
A

A crowd that is easily persuaded to take aggressive action.

25
Define riot.
A type of crowd that involves larger numbers and lasts longer than a mob.
26
What is mass hysteria?
An outbreak of unusual and uncharacteristic behaviours, thoughts, and feelings shared among a group.
27
What does contagion theory propose?
When relieved of individual responsibility, individuals will behave in a more primal/animalistic fashion.
28
What is convergence theory?
People who want to act in a certain way intentionally come together to form crowds.
29
Define emergent norm theory.
A combination of like-minded individuals, anonymity, and shared emotions that leads to crowd behaviour.
30
What is deindividuation?
People are not identified personally; thus, some of the parameters that normally guide behaviour are absent.
31
Define subjective validity.
Believing your ideas/attitudes are 'right' based on your judgement and similarity to the ideas/attitudes of others.
32
What are stricter food regulations in Canada meant to address?
* Artificial food colourings * Preservatives * Health risks like hyperactivity, ADHD, and depression
33
What percentage of Canadians identify as vegetarians?
2.3%
34
What demographic trend is related to population growth?
Increase cost of living.
35
What is a significant trend regarding fertility rates?
Currently declining and women are having kids at an older age.
36
What can cause stereotypes regarding immigrants?
Lumping all immigrants into one group.
37
What is the impact of the Baby Boomers on society?
* Dramatic increase in birth rates * Economic growth * More open emotions.
38
What characterizes the Silent Generation's thinking?
More progressive thinking and respect for authority.
39
What is structural functionalism?
Society is stable when institutions meet the needs of its citizens.
40
What does strain theory suggest?
Societal structures can pressure individuals into committing crimes.
41
What is primary deviance?
Passing episodes of deviant behaviour that more people participate in.
42
What is secondary deviance?
When someone makes something out of deviant behaviour and is given a negative social label.
43
What does control theory state?
Conformity to social norms depends on strong bonds between individuals and society.
44
What is differential association theory?
The role of primary and secondary groups in transmitting deviance.
45
What is credentialism?
Excessive reliance on credentials.
46
What do income disparities in Canada reveal?
* Gender pay gap * Racial earnings * LGBTQ disparities
47
What demographic made up nearly half of pandemic-linked job losses?
Women.
48
What is a casual crowd?
A casually organized group that emerges spontaneously. ## Footnote Example: people at the mall, on the subway.
49
What is a conventional crowd?
A crowd that involves more deliberate planning with defined norms acted upon according to the situation. ## Footnote Example: people at a concert.
50
What is an expressive crowd?
A crowd that forms around an event with emotional appeal. ## Footnote Example: New Year's Eve celebrations.
51
What is an acting crowd?
A crowd where members are actively and enthusiastically involved in achieving a specific goal. ## Footnote Example: protesters at a rally.

Unit 2 challenge and change (1 decks)

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