Untitled Deck

Question 1

SQL

Answer 1

Structured Query Language

Question 2

MySQL

Answer 2

A relational database management system created by MySQL AB.

Question 3

RDBMS

Answer 3

Relational Database Management System, a program used to maintain a relational database.

Question 4

Database

Answer 4

A collection of tables, with related data.

Question 5

Table

Answer 5

A collection of related data entries, consisting of columns and rows.

Question 6

Column

Answer 6

Holds specific information about every record in the table.

Question 7

Record

Answer 7

Each individual entry that exists in a table.

Question 8

VARCHAR

Answer 8

A variable‑length string (can contain letters, numbers, and special characters).

Question 9

INT

Answer 9

A medium integer. Signed range is from -2147483648 to 2147483647. Unsigned range is from 0 to 4294967295.

Question 10

DATE

Answer 10

A date. Format: YYYY-MM-DD. The supported range is from ‘1000-01-01’ to ‘9999-12-31’.

Question 11

DQL

Answer 11

Data Query LanguageStatements that query the database but do not alter any data or database objects.

Question 12

DML

Answer 12

Data Manipulation Language. Statements that modify data stored in database objects.

Question 13

SQL SELECT Statement

Answer 13

Used to display all columns or specific columns from a table.

Question 14

SQL WHERE Clause

Answer 14

Used to display columns with conditions.

Question 15

SQL AND Operator

Answer 15

Displays a record if all the conditions separated by AND are TRUE.

Question 16

SQL OR Operator

Answer 16

Displays a record if any of the conditions separated by OR is TRUE.

Question 17

SQL NOT Operator

Answer 17

Displays a record if the condition(s) is NOT TRUE.

Question 18

SQL ORDER BY keyword

Answer 18

Used to sort the result‑set in ascending or descending order.

Question 19

SQL INSERT INTO Statement

Answer 19

Used to insert new records in a table.

Question 20

MySQL UPDATE Statement

Answer 20

Used to modify the existing records in a table.

Question 21

MySQL DELETE Statement

Answer 21

Used to delete existing records in a table.

Question 22

Delete All Records

Answer 22

DELETE FROM table_name;

Question 23

PHP

Answer 23

Hypertext Preprocessor, a widely‑used open‑source server‑side scripting language.

Question 24

PHP script

Answer 24

Code block between <?php and ?> executed on the server to generate HTML.

Question 25

File extension .php

Answer 25

Default extension for files containing PHP code.

Question 26

PHP variable

Answer 26

Container for data in PHP, starts with $, case‑sensitive, must begin with a letter or underscore.

Question 27

global keyword

Answer 27

Keyword used inside a function to access a variable from the global scope.

Question 28

Data types

Answer 28

Categories of data in PHP: String, Integer, Float, Boolean, Array, Object, NULL, Resource.

Question 29

String

Answer 29

Sequence of characters.

Question 30

Integer

Answer 30

Whole number.

Question 31

Float

Answer 31

Floating‑point (double) number.

Question 32

Boolean

Answer 32

TRUE or FALSE value.

Question 33

Array

Answer 33

Collection of values accessed by index or key.

Question 34

Object

Answer 34

Instance of a class containing properties and methods.

Question 35

NULL

Answer 35

Special type representing no value.

Question 36

Resource

Answer 36

Special variable referencing an external resource (e.g., database connection).

Question 37

Operators

Answer 37

Symbols for performing operations on variables and values.

Question 38

Arithmetic operators

Answer 38

+, -, *, /, % for mathematical operations.

Question 39

Assignment operators

Answer 39

=, +=, -=, etc., for assigning values to variables.

Question 40

Comparison operators

Answer 40

==, ===, !=, <, >, <=, >= for comparing values.

Question 41

Increment/Decrement operators

Answer 41

++ and -- to increase or decrease a variable's value by one.

Question 42

Logical operators

Answer 42

&&, ||, ! to combine or invert boolean conditions.

Question 43

String operators

Answer 43

. and .= to concatenate strings.

Question 44

Array operators

Answer 44

+, ==, ===, !=, !== to compare or merge arrays.

Question 45

Conditional assignment operators

Answer 45

Ternary operator (?:) to assign values based on a condition.

Question 46

Conditional statements

Answer 46

Constructs for branching code execution based on conditions.

Question 47

if statement

Answer 47

Executes a code block if a specified condition is true.

Question 48

if...else statement

Answer 48

Executes one block if a condition is true and another if it's false.

Question 49

if...elseif...else statement

Answer 49

Tests multiple conditions sequentially and executes the matching block.

Question 50

switch statement

Answer 50

Selects one of many code blocks to execute based on a variable's value.

Question 51

Loops

Answer 51

Constructs to execute code repeatedly while a condition holds.

Question 52

while loop

Answer 52

Repeats a code block while the specified condition is true.

Question 53

do...while loop

Answer 53

Executes a code block once, then repeats while the condition is true.

Question 54

for loop

Answer 54

Repeats a code block a specified number of times with an index.

Question 55

foreach loop

Answer 55

Iterates over each element in an array.

Question 56

Functions

Answer 56

Reusable blocks of code that execute when called.

Question 57

Built‑in functions

Answer 57

Predefined PHP functions available for common tasks.

Question 58

User‑defined functions

Answer 58

Custom functions declared by the programmer.

Question 59

Indexed arrays

Answer 59

Arrays with numeric indices starting at 0.

Question 60

Associative arrays

Answer 60

Arrays with named keys.

Question 61

Multidimensional arrays

Answer 61

Arrays containing one or more arrays.

Question 62

sort()

Answer 62

Function to sort arrays in ascending order.

Question 63

rsort()

Answer 63

Function to sort arrays in descending order.

Question 64

asort()

Answer 64

Sorts associative arrays by value in ascending order.

Question 65

ksort()

Answer 65

Sorts associative arrays by key in ascending order.

Question 66

arsort()

Answer 66

Sorts associative arrays by value in descending order.

Question 67

krsort()

Answer 67

Sorts associative arrays by key in descending order.

Question 68

Superglobals

Answer 68

Built‑in variables always accessible regardless of scope.

Question 69

$GLOBALS

Answer 69

Associative array containing references to all global variables.

Question 70

$_SERVER

Answer 70

Array containing server and execution environment information.

Question 71

$_REQUEST

Answer 71

Array containing GET, POST, and COOKIE data.

Question 72

$_POST

Answer 72

Array containing HTTP POST variables.

Question 73

$_GET

Answer 73

Array containing HTTP GET variables.

Question 74

$_FILES

Answer 74

Array containing information about uploaded files.

Question 75

$_ENV

Answer 75

Array containing environment variables.

Question 76

$_COOKIE

Answer 76

Array containing HTTP cookie variables.

Question 77

$_SESSION

Answer 77

Array containing session variables.

Question 78

PHP Connect to MySQL

Answer 78

Using mysqli or PDO functions to establish a database connection.

Question 79

PHP MySQL Insert Data

Answer 79

Executing SQL INSERT statements via PHP to add records to MySQL.

Question 80

Select Data From a MySQL Database

Answer 80

Executing SQL SELECT statements via PHP to retrieve MySQL data.

Question 81

PHP MySQL Delete Data

Answer 81

Executing SQL DELETE statements via PHP to remove records from MySQL.

Question 82

PHP MySQL Update Data

Answer 82

Executing SQL UPDATE statements via PHP to modify records in MySQL.

Question 83

Raymond Boyce and Donald Chamberlin

Answer 83

SQL was developed in the 1970s by IBM researchers

Question 84

David Axmark and Allan Larsson, along with Finnish Michael "Monty" Widenius.

Answer 84

MySQL was created by a Swedish company, MySQL AB, founded by Swedes

Question 85

Rasmus Lerdof

Answer 85

PHP was conceived sometime in the fall off 1994 by