Untitled Deck

Question 1

33rd President who ended WWII using atomic bombs on Japan. Also helped rebuild Europe

Answer 1

Harry Truman

Question 2

First man-made satellite launched into space by the Soviet Union in 1957, starting the space race

Answer 2

Sputnik

Question 3

U.S. strategy during the Cold War to stop the spread of Communism.

Answer 3

Containment

Question 4

Military alliance formed inn 1955 between the Soviet Union and other Eastern Bloc countries as a response to NATO. It went against NATO, and wanted to maintain Soviet control over eastern Europe

Answer 4

Warsaw Pact

Question 5

Countries that are independent but heavily influenced by a more powerful country. Often seen during the Cold War, with eastern nations controlled by the Soviet Union.

Answer 5

Satellite states

Question 6

A time of tension and competition between the U.S. and Soviet Union. Just a phrase, not an actual war.

Answer 6

Cold War

Question 7

N. Korea invaded S. Korea and the country is still divided. Started because of Cold War tensions and the desire to make the whole country Communist.

Answer 7

Korean Ware

Question 8

Military alliance formed in 1949 between U.S., Canada, and some European countries to protect each other from attacks.

Answer 8

NATO

Question 9

Built in 1961 to separate Communist East Berlin from Democratic West Berlin, and fell in 1989, ending the Cold War.

Answer 9

Berlin Wall

Question 10

Established in 1961, a group of countries that chose not to align with either the U.S. or Soviet Union during the Cold War.

Answer 10

Non-Aligned Movement

Question 11

U.S. Senator in the 1950s, known for leading a campaign to accuse people of being Communists. This time period was called McCarthyism, which fueled fear and suspicion in America.

Answer 11

Joseph McCarthy

Question 12

Why did U.S. actions during the Vietnam War cause large-scale protests?

Answer 12

Due to the draft, rising deaths, and distrust in the government, graphic media coverage made things worse.

Question 13

Why did the U.S. and Soviet Union almost go to nuclear war in 1962? How did they avert it?

Answer 13

Because of Soviet missiles in Cuba. War was avoided when both sides agreed to remove their missiles and ease tensions.

Question 14

What effect did the Cold War have on science and technology?

Answer 14

It pushed the U.S. and Soviet Union to compete in science and tech, leading to major advances in space exploration (the space race) and new weapons.

Question 15

How does the “Arm Wrestling for World Domination” cartoon depict the nuclear arms race?

Answer 15

Shows the U.S. and Soviet Union and in an arm wrestling match, symbolizing their struggle for power through building more nuclear weapons.

Question 16

Why was the year 1968 so divisive for the U.S.?

Answer 16

It was a turning point due to the Vietnam War, the major protests, and assassinations of MLK and RFK.

Question 17

How did Nixon’s 1968 campaign change the dynamic between political parties?

Answer 17

It shifted the dynamic by appealing to the “silent majority” of Republicans. Nixon spoke to these people in a speech he gave.

Question 18

What were the foreign policy options towards the USSR available to President Truman? Which did he choose?

Answer 18

1.Containment, to stop the spread of Communism
2.Negotiation and diplomacy
3.Truman Doctrine, which pledged U.S. support to nations threatened by Communist forces. It actively confronted communism.
4.Marshall Plan provided financial aid to Western European countries to rebuild and prevent the spread of communism.
5.Military build up: U.S. strengthened its military to ward off Soviet aggression.

Question 19

What 3 events in the Cold War brought the world closest to Armageddon?

Answer 19

1. Berlin Crisis of 1961: building of the Berlin Wall created a big fight between the U.S. and Soviet Union.
2. Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962: Soviet Union secretly deployed missiles to Cuba, which is close to the U.S. U.S. responded with a naval blockade, leading to a standoff that almost created nuclear war.
3. Collapse of the Soviet Union: ended the Cold War, reducing the threat of nuclear war and led to new cooperation between countries.

Question 20

Pro-segregation Governor of Alabama who ran for Pres.

Answer 20

George Wallace

Question 21

Surprise attacks by N. Vietnamese on the U.S. during the Vietnam War. Turning point in the war, impacting public opinion and contributing to U.S. withdrawal.

Answer 21

Tet Offensive

Question 22

Standoff between U.S. and Soviet Union because of Soviet missiles in Cuba (close to U.S.). nearly led to nuclear war.

Answer 22

Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 23

Cold War competition between U.S. and Soviet Union to build stronger nuclear weapons.

Answer 23

Nuclear Arms Race

Question 24

Protest against the Vietnam War, especially by students and activists.

Answer 24

Anti-war movement

Question 25

U.S vs. Soviet competition to explore space, led to U.S. moon landing in 1969.

Answer 25

Space Race

Question 26

President from 1961-1963 known for civil rights support and space race leadership. Killed in 1963 in Dallas.

Answer 26

JFK

Question 27

Leader of the Civil Rights Movement. Promoted non-violence. Assassinated in 1968.

Answer 27

MLK Jr.

Question 28

Eisenhower warned of this in his farewell speech. Describes the connection between a country's military establishment and the manufacturers of weapons, and how this can be dangerous.

Answer 28

Military-industrial complex

Question 29

Pres from 1969-1974. Ended U.S. involvement in Vietnam. Resigned after Watergate scandal.

Answer 29

Richard Nixon

Question 30

Conflict in Southeast Asia from 1955-1975 where the U.S. fought to stop the spread of Communism.

Answer 30

Vietnam War

Question 31

Pres from 1963-1969, took over after JFK died. Signed the Civil Rights Act and expanded the Vietnam War.

Answer 31

Lyndon B. Johnson

Question 32

Turbulent year with major assassinations (RFK and MLK), protests, and political upheaval.

Answer 32

1968

Question 33

JFK's brother, U.S. Senator and civil rights advocate. Assassinated in 1968.

Answer 33

RFK

Question 34

Movement in the 50s and 60s to end racial segregation and gain equality for African Americans.

Answer 34

Civil Rights Movement

Question 35

This country exploded their first atomic bomb to test, called "First Lightning" or "Joe-1"

Answer 35

Soviet Union

Question 36

Group of countries that aims to maintain int'l peace and security.

Answer 36

United Nations

Question 37

JFK was elected over Nixon in one of the closest elections in history, beating incumbent Nixon.

Answer 37

Election of 1960

Question 38

The first mission in the US Apollo program to land humans on the Moon, in 1969.

Answer 38

Apollo 11

Question 39

A series of domestic programs initiated by President Johnson in the 1960s, aimed at eliminating poverty, reducing racial inequality, and expanding social welfare.

Answer 39

Great Society

Question 40

Passed in 1964 and granted President Johnson authority to take military action in Vietnam without a formal declaration of war.

Answer 40

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Question 41

Refers to the growing public skepticism about the Johnson administration's statements on the Vietnam War and what was actually happening

Answer 41

Credibility Gap

Question 42

Student-led organization that was critical of the Vietnam War.

Answer 42

New Left

Question 43

Gradually withdrawing American troops from the Vietnam War while strengthening the South Vietnamese military to take over combat responsibilities.

Answer 43

Vietnamization

Question 44

Banker who shaped the industrial and financial landscape

Answer 44

JP Morgan

Question 45

Advocated for worker’s rights, especially steel and railroad workers.

Answer 45

Labor unions

Question 46

Controlled certain businesses and the economy, with price fixing and predatory pricing. Controlled by Rockefeller, Morgan, and Carnegie.

Answer 46

Monopolies

Question 47

Led the expansion of the steel industry.

Answer 47

Andrew Carnegie

Question 48

Vertical means taking over other parts of the supply chain. Horizontal means merging with like companies in the same industry,

Answer 48

Vertical and Horizontal Integration

Question 49

Flawed theory that applies “survival of the fittest” across different groups of people. This says stronger groups will overcome weaker ones, and is used to justify racism.

Answer 49

Social Dawrinism

Question 50

Protects consumers and businesses from monopoly, and encourages trade to keep prices down.

Answer 50

Sherman Antitrust Act

Question 51

Long hours, low wages, dangerous environments. Forced children and immigrants to works.

Answer 51

What were Working conditions like in the Gilded Age?

Question 52

Established the Standard Oil Company and controlled a large portion of the U.S. oil industry.

Answer 52

John D. Rockefeller

Question 53

Nat'l group of labor unions that improved the lives of skilled workers through strikes.

Answer 53

American Federation of Labor

Question 54

Worker strike at the Carnegie Steel plant, due to wage cuts that angered the workers. People were killed during the confrontation.

Answer 54

Homestead Strike

Question 55

The U.S. experienced significant growth during this time, making us a leading industrial power. Caused by westward expansion, growing workforce, natural resources, and technological advancements.

Answer 55

Industrial Growth

Question 56

Created as a result of the corruption and inequality that happened during the Gilded Age. Progressivism wanted to combat corruption and improve social conditions.

Answer 56

Progressivism

Question 57

Organization that expanded its mission beyond religion to offer programs for recreation, physical fitness, etc.

Answer 57

YMCA

Question 58

Manufacture, sale, and transport of alcohol was prohibited in the U.S. under the 18th amendment.

Answer 58

Prohibition

Question 59

To publicly expose bad information about people.

Answer 59

Muckraking

Question 60

Known for “Square Deal” policies, advocating for conservation of natural resources, regulation of corporations, and consumer protection. First American to win the Nobel Peace Prize.

Answer 60

Teddy Roosevelt

Question 61

Conflict between Spain and America that established the U.S. as a Pacific superpower. Treaty of Paris formally ended the conflict.

Answer 61

Spanish-American War

Question 62

Reduced trade tariffs and fought with Teddy Roosevelt on conservation and antitrust issues. Taft-Hartley Act was passed during his presidency, which regulated labor practices.

Answer 62

William Howard Taft

Question 63

Significant event in American labor history. Miners in Pennsylvania wanted better wages and working conditions. Played a key role during Teddy Roosevelt’s presidency.

Answer 63

1902 Coal Strike

Question 64

The idea of expanding the U.S.’s political, cultural, and military influence beyond its borders.

Answer 64

American Imperialism

Question 65

When the U.S. overthrew the Hawaiian government and claimed the islands as part of the U.S. Resulted from a desire to have a military base in the Pacific, and is an example of American Imperialism.

Answer 65

Hawaii Annexation

Question 66

The cartoon critiques the idea of imposing American ideals (American Imperialism) on other nations without their consent. Shows white kids reading books in the back of the classroom but making other kids from other countries/races feel unwelcome.

Answer 66

"School Begins" cartoon

Question 67

The U.S. colonized the Philippines, granting independence to them after WWII. There is an alliance between the two countries.

Answer 67

Relationship between US and Philippines

Question 68

Anti-foreign and Anti-Christian uprising in China. There was resistance to foreign influence.

Answer 68

Boxer Rebellion

Question 69

Waterway that connects the Caribbean Sea with the Pacific Ocean. Provides a faster and cheaper trade route between Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

Answer 69

Panama Canal

Question 70

Form of combat where opposing forces attack and defend from trenches dug into the ground.

Answer 70

Trench warfare

Question 71

One of two main alliances that fought in WWI. Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.

Answer 71

Central powers

Question 72

Military alliance formed between Great Britain, France, and Russia to balance against the Triple Alliance.

Answer 72

Triple Entente

Question 73

Led during WWI and established the League of Nations.

Answer 73

Woodrow Wilson

Question 74

Peace plan written by Woodrow Wilson to end WWI, but it failed.

Answer 74

Fourteen Points

Question 75

Peace treaty that ended WWI between Germany and the Allied powers.

Answer 75

Treaty of Versailles

Question 76

The German government that existed at the end of WWI. Named after the city where the new constitution was adopted.

Answer 76

Weimar Republic

Question 77

Payments Germany made to Holocaust survivors and families.

Answer 77

German reparations

Question 78

Dictator of Nazi Germany.

Answer 78

Hitler

Question 79

Political system with a dictator that favors strong central government over the individual. They manipulate public opinion to maintain power.

Answer 79

Fascism

Question 80

Also known as Nazism

Answer 80

National Socialism

Question 81

Term used by the Nazis to justify expanding their territory.

Answer 81

Lebensraum

Question 82

Arson attack on Reichstag building, part of German government. Done in protest of Hitler's rise to power.

Answer 82

Reichstag Fire

Question 83

A system where countries agree to treat an attack on one member as an attack on all and respond collectively to threats

Answer 83

Collective Security

Question 84

A group of nations during World War II, primarily Germany, Italy, and Japan, who opposed the Allied Powers

Answer 84

Axis Powers

Question 85

Describes the actions of Britain and France in the 1930s. They made concessions to Nazi Germany's demands, hoping to avoid war.

Answer 85

Appeasement

Question 86

Non-aggression treaty signed by Germany and Soviet Union. The pact allowed Germany to invade Poland without immediate Soviet intervention, contributing to the outbreak of World War II.

Answer 86

Nazi-Soviet Pact

Question 87

Military campaign fought by air forces. The Royal Air Force successfully defended the United Kingdom against attacks by the Germans.

Answer 87

Battle of Britain

Question 88

Code name for Nazi Germany's invasion of Soviet Union.

Answer 88

Operation Barbarossa

Question 89

Japanese nation-state that used to exist. It fell after they lost WWII and the Allied nations took it over.

Answer 89

Japanese Empire

Question 90

Also known as Second-Sino Japanese War. Japan invaded China for 10 years.

Answer 90

1937 Invasion of China

Question 91

Japan wanted to expand in the Pacific and cripple the U.S. Pacific fleet military by attacking the oil and fuel stations.

Answer 91

Pearl Harbor motivations

Question 92

Allowed the U.S. to lend military supplies to nations deemed vital to the defense of the United States, primarily Britain and China.

Answer 92

Lend-Lease Act

Question 93

A prolonged struggle between the German U-boats and the Allied forces for control of the Atlantic sea lanes.

Answer 93

Battle of the Atlantic

Question 94

Surrender of Italy to the Allies. Happened because Italians were sick of the war and their leader Mussolini was overthrown.

Answer 94

Italian Surrender 1943

Question 95

Fight between Nazi Germany and Soviet Union during WWII. One of bloodiest battles. Soviets won, leading to the end of Nazi Germany.

Answer 95

Battle of Stalingrad

Question 96

Codename for the invasion of Normandy, France during WWII. Also known as D-Day.

Answer 96

Operation Overlord

Question 97

Strategy used by allied forces to cripple the enemy's ability to wage war by targeting key infrastructure and industries.

Answer 97

Allied strategic bombing

Question 98

Also known as the Ardennes Offensive, the final major German offensive during World War II. The Germans aimed to split Allied forces.

Answer 98

Battle of the Bulge

Question 99

The Red Army (Poland) captured the city of Berlin. Resulted in the death of Hitler.

Answer 99

Battle of Berlin

Question 100

American General who served in WWII and the Korean War.

Answer 100

Douglas Macarthur

Question 101

Forcible transfer of American and Filipino prisoners by the Japanese Army to a camp for death.

Answer 101

Bataan Death March

Question 102

Also known as the Tokyo Raid, it was an air raid on Tokyo.

Answer 102

Doolittle Raid

Question 103

Japan tried to create a bloc of Asian nations under Japanese leadership.

Answer 103

Greater East-Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere

Question 104

The first air-sea battle. Battle between allies U.S./Australia and Japan. Prevented Japan from participating in the Battle of Midway.

Answer 104

Battle of the Coral Sea

Question 105

Turning point in WWII that stopped Japanese aggression. Involved a surprise attack by the U.S. Navy and destroyed 4 Japanese aircrafts.

Answer 105

Battle of Midway

Question 106

Military strategy used during WWII where the U.S. important but lightly defended island near Japan, while avoiding the heavily defended ones.

Answer 106

Island hopping

Question 107

A series of attacks by the U.S. Army against Japan, prior to the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Answer 107

Tokyo firebombing

Question 108

Means “Divine Wind”. Japanese suicide pilots that flew planes with bombs on them into enemy ships.

Answer 108

Kamikaze

Question 109

Secret U.S program during WWII that developed the first atomic bombs.

Answer 109

Manhattan Project

Question 110

Ended WWII, as the Japanese wanted to end the bloodshed. Became known as V-J day (Victory over Japan). Emperor Hirohito announced to the Japanese people over the radio.

Answer 110

Japanese surrender

Question 111

How did the Industrial Revolution in the U.S. worsen economic inequality?

Answer 111

It widened the gap between the rich and the poor. It created a new classes of wealthy individuals and left many workers with low wages and harsh conditions.

Question 112

Why did imperialism during the Progressive Era challenge America's national identity?

Answer 112

At home the U.S. was claiming to be democratic and focusing on our country, which went against imperialism (trying to take over the world).

Question 113

How did Pres Roosevelt and Hitler's policies during the Great Depression compare and contrast?

Answer 113

Both leaders had to tackle the Great Depression in some way for their countries. Compare: both wanted economic stabilization Many contrasts: Roosevelt’s New Deal wanted to improve economic and social welfare while protecting people. It had slower results because it respected people and their well- being. Hitler’s policies created rapid job creation, butt at the expense of human rights abuse and authoritarian control.

Question 114

How did the Cold War change America's role in the world?

Answer 114

Shifted the U.S. from an isolated nation to a global superpower. Created a global system of allied countries, led to the development of strong military, and shaped attitudes towards international relations.

Question 115

How did aircraft change the nature of warfare and brutality in WWII?

Answer 115

Planes could sneak attack and drop bombs, killing a large number of people.

Question 116

How were the politics of the 1980s a backlash against the 1960s and 1970s?

Answer 116

The 1980s were more conservative (Reaganism) and moved away from the liberal policies (the Great Society) of the 60s/70s.