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MDSC521 > Upper and Lower Limb > Flashcards

Upper and Lower Limb Flashcards

(89 cards)

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1
Q

What is the function of the Piriformis?

A

Lateral rotation of the hip

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2
Q

What is the function of the Gluteus Maximus?

A

Extend hip

Lateral rotation of the hip

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3
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Gluteus Minimus and Gluteus Medius?

A

Origin: Posterior aspect of ilium
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

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4
Q

What is the function of the Gluteus Minimus and Gluteus Medius?

A

Abduction of the hip

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5
Q

What is the function of the Biceps Femorus, Semitendinosus & Semimembranosus?

A

Extension of hip

Flexion of knee

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6
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Semimembranosus?

A

Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial condyle of the tibia

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7
Q

What is the function of the Psoas Major & Iliacus?

A

Flexion of hip

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8
Q

What is the function of the Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius & Vastus Lateralis?

A

Extension of knee

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9
Q

What is the action of the Rectus Femoris?

A

Extend the knee

Flex the hip

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10
Q

What is the insertion of the Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius, Vastus Lateralis & Rectus Femoris?

A

Tibial tuberosity of tibia via the patellar ligament

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11
Q

What is the origin of the Vastus Lateralis?

A

Lateral aspects of linea aspera and greater trochanter

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12
Q

What is the origin of the Rectus Femoris?

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine

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13
Q

What is the action of the Sartorius?

A

Flexion, abduction and external rotation of hip

Flexion of knee

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14
Q

Which muscles form the gluteal region?

A

Prififormis
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus Minimus
Gluteus Medius

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15
Q

Which muscles form the the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Biceps Femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

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16
Q

Which muscles form the anterior compartment of the hip?

A

Psoas major

Iliacus

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17
Q

Which muscles form the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A 
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus lateralis
Rectus femoris
Sartorius
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18
Q

What is the function of the Gracilis, Pectineus, Adductor brevis and Addcutor longus?

A

Adduction of the hip

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19
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Adductor longus?

A

Origin: Medial portion of superior pubic ramus
Insertion: Middle 1/3 of shaft of the femur on linea aspera

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20
Q

What is the function of the Adductor magnus?

A

Adduction/extension of the hip

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21
Q

Which muscles form the medial compartment of the thigh?

A 
Gracilis
Pectineus
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
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22
Q

Which muscles form the posterior compartment of the leg?

A 
Gastrocnemius
Plantaris
Soleus
Popliteus
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibalis posterior
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23
Q

What is the function of the Gastrocnemius?

A

Flexion of the knee

Plantar flexion of the ankle

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24
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Gastrocnemius?

A

Origin: Medial and lateral epicondyles of femur
Insertion: Calcaneal tuberosity via the Achilles’ tendon

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25
What is the function of the Plantaris and Soleus?
Plantar flexion of the ankle
26
What is the function of the Popliteus?
Flexion of the knee
27
What is the function of the Flexor hallucis longus?
Plantar flexion of the ankle | Flexion of 1st toe
28
What is the function of the Flexor digitorum longus?
Plantar flexion of the ankle | Flexion of 2nd-5th toes
29
What is the function of the Tibialis posterior?
Plantar flexion of ankle | Inversion of ankle
30
What is the origin and insertion of the the Tibialis posterior?
Origin: Tibia shaft and interosseous membrane Insertion: Navicular, Cuneiforms (medial, intermediate, lateral) & Base of 2nd-4th metatarsals
31
What muscles make up the anterior compartment of the leg?
Tibalis anterior Extensor hallucis longus Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis tertius
32
What is the origin and insertion of the Tibialis anterior?
Origin: Proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of tibia & interosseous membrane Insertion: Medial cuneiform and base of the 1st metatarsal (dorsal side of foot)
33
What is the function of the Tibialis anterior?
Dorsiflexion of the ankle | Inversion of the ankle
34
What muscles make up the lateral compartment of the leg?
Fibularis longus | Fibularis brevis
35
What is the origin and the insertion of the Fibularis longus?
Origin: Proximal 2/3 of fibula Insertion: Base of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform (plantar side of foot)
36
What is the function of the Fibularis longus and Fibularis brevis?
Eversion of the ankle and some plantar flexion of the ankle
37
Which muscles make up the anterior axioappendicular compartment of the shoulder?
Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior
38
What is the function of the Pectoralis minor?
Rotates scapula downward | Protracts scapula
39
What is the function of the Serratus anterior?
Protracts scapula
40
What is the function of the Pectoralis major?
Adducts and medially rotates the glenohumeral joint | Draws scapula anteriorly
41
What is the origin and insertion of the Pectoralis major?
Origin: Medial 1/2 of clavicle, manubrium, sternum & costal cartilages of ribs 2-6 Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
42
What muscles form the Extrinsic posterior axioappendicular compartment of the shoulder?
Trapezius Latisimus dorsi Rhomboid (minor and major) Levator scapulae
43
What is the function of the Trapezius?
Elevates, depresses, or retracts scapula, aid scapula rotation
44
What is the function of the Latisimus dorsi?
Extends, adducts, and medially rotates at glenohumeral joint
45
What is the function of the Rhomboid (major and minor)?
Retracts scapula, rotate scapula downward
46
What is the function of the levator scapulae?
Elevates scapula
47
What is the origin and insertion of the Latisimus dorsi?
Origin: spinous processes of lower thoracic and lumbar vertebrae Insertion: Bicipital groove of humerus
48
What muscles make up the intrinsic posterior axioappendicular compartment of the shoulder?
``` Deltoid Teres major Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor Subscapularis ```
49
What is the origin and insertion of the Deltoid?
Origin: Clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
50
What is the function of the Deltoid?
Flexes, medially, rotates, abducts, extends, laterally rotates at the glenohumeral joint
51
What is the function of the Teres major?
Extends, adducts, and medially rotates at the glenohumeral joint
52
What is the function of the Supraspinatus?
Abduction at glenohumeral joint
53
What is the function of Supraspinatus?
Abduction at glenohumeral joint
54
What is the function of the Infraspinatus and Teres minor?
Laterally rotates at the glenohumeral joint
55
What is the function of the Subscapularis?
Medially rotates at the glenohumeral joint
56
What muscles make up the anterior compartment of the arm?
Biceps brachii Coracobrachialis Brachialis
57
What is the origin and insertion of the Biceps brachii?
Origin: short head - coracoid process of scapula long head - supraglenoid tubercle of scapula Insertion: Tuberosity of radius
58
What is the function of the Biceps brachii?
Supinates at radioulnar joint, flexes elbow, and flexes glenohumeral joint
59
What is the origin and insertion of Coracobrachialis?
Origin: Coracoid process of the scapula Insertion: Shaft of the humerus-medial aspect
60
What is the function of the Brachialis?
Flexes elbow
61
What muscle makes up the Posterior compartment of the arm?
Triceps brachii
62
What is the origin and insertion of the Triceps brachii?
Origin: Long head - infraglenoid tubercle of scapula lateral & medial heads - shaft of humerus (posterior) Insertion: Olecranon process of Ulna
63
What is the function of the Triceps brachii?
Extends elbow (long head also extends and adducts at glenohumeral joint)
64
What muscles form the superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Flexor carpi radialis | Flexor carpi ulnaris
65
What is the function of the Flexor carpi radialis?
Flexes wrist | Abduction at wrist (Flexes at elbow)
66
What is the function of the Flexor carpi ulnaris?
Flexes wrist | Adduction at wrist (Flexes at elbow)
67
What is the origin and insertion of the Flexor carpi radialis?
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Baes of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones (anterior)
68
What muscles for the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment of the Forearm?
Flexor digitorum superficialis
69
What is the function of the Flexor digitorum superficialis?
``` Flexes 2nd - 5th digits Flexes wrist (Flexes at elbow) ```
70
What muscles form the deep layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor pollicis longus Pronator quadratus
71
What is the function of the Flexor digitorum profundus?
Flexes 2nd-5th digits | Flexes wrist
72
What is the function of the Flexor pollicis longus?
Flexes 1st digit | Flexes wrist
73
What is the function of the Pronator quadratus?
Pronates radioulnar joint
74
What forms the superficial layer of the Posterior compartment of the Forearm?
Extensor carpi radialis Extensor digitorum Extensor carpi ulnaris
75
What is the function of the Extensor carpi radialis?
Extends wrist | Abduction at wrist (extends at elbow)
76
What is the origin and insertion of the Extensor digitorum?
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus Insertion: Distal phalanges of 2nd-5th digits (posterior)
77
What is the function of the Extensor digitorum?
Extends 2nd-5th digits | Extends wrist
78
What is the function of the Extensor carpi ulnaris?
Extends wrist | Adduction at wrist (Extends at elbow)
79
What forms the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the Forearm?
Supinator
80
What is the origin and insertion of the Supinator?
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus and Olecranon process of ulna Insertion: Lateral surface of radius
81
What is the function of the Supinator?
Supinates radioulnar joint
82
What form the muscles of the hand?
``` Thenar compartment Hypothenar compartment Adductor policis Lumbricals Palmar interossei Dorsal interossei ```
83
What is the function of the Thenar compartment?
Opposition of thumb
84
What is the function of the Hypothenar compartment?
Abduction and flexion of 5th digit
85
What is the function of the Adductor policis?
Adduction of thumb
86
What is the function of the Palmar interossei?
Adduction of 2nd-5th digits
87
What is the function of the Lumbricals?
Flex metacarpophalangeal joints and extend interphalangeal joints
88
What is the function of the Palmar interossei?
Adduction of 2nd-5th digits
89
What is the function of the Dorsal interossei?
Abduction of 2nd - 4th digits

MDSC521 (2 decks)

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