Upper and Lower Limb Innervations

Question 1

Neck Anatomy: Posterior Triangle

Answer 1

SCM, trapezium, clavicle

inside: brachial plexus, external jugular, inferior omohyoid, subclavian vein

Question 2

Anterior triangle

Answer 2

midline of neck (trachea), SCM, mandible

Inside: posterior digastric, superior omohyoid, sternothyroid, sternohyoid

Question 3

Long Thoracic Nerve innervates

Answer 3

serrates anterior

Question 4

suprascapular nerve innervates

Answer 4

infraspinatus and supraspinatus

Question 5

lateral pectoralis nerve innervates

Answer 5

pectorals major

Question 6

upper subscapular innervates

Answer 6

subscapularis

Question 7

thoracodorsal nerve innervates

Answer 7

lattismus dorsi

Question 8

lower sub scapular nerve innervates

Answer 8

teres major

Question 9

axillary nerve innervates

Answer 9

deltoid, and teres minor

Question 10

radial nerve innervates

Answer 10

triceps

extensors of wrist and hand (fingers)

Question 11

median nerve innervates

Answer 11

pronators and thenar muscles of the hand

Question 12

musculocutaneous nerve innervates

Answer 12

biceps, brachialis, coracobrachialis, flexors of arm and forearm

Question 13

ulnar nerve innervates

Answer 13

interosseous muscles and hypothenar muscles

Question 14

Erb Duchenne palsy

Answer 14

Injury to superior trunk
“waiters tip syndrome”
-complete or partial paralysis of UE
-bruising, stretching, and tearing of nerves
- nerves affected are suprascapular nerve, axillary nerve and musculocutaneous nerve (pronation due to loss of biceps)

Question 15

Klumpke palsy

Answer 15

-atrophy of the thenar and hypothenar eminences
and atrophy of the interosseous muscles
-sensory deficits of the medial side of the forearm and hand
-disappearance of the radial pulse with moving head forward ipsilateral side

Question 16

Long head of triceps brachii
Lateral head of triceps brachii
Medial head of triceps brachii

Answer 16

radial nerve

Question 17

Supinator muscle

Brachioradialis muscle

Answer 17

deep branch of radial nerve

Question 18

Skin of posterior forearm

Skin of lateral, posterior hand

Answer 18

radial nerve

Question 19

Saturday night palsy (compression of what nerve against the spiral groove of the humerus)

Answer 19

radial nerve

Question 20

injury: shaft of the humerus

Answer 20

radial nerve

Question 21

Injury: Spiral fracture to mid shaft of the humerus

Answer 21

radial nerve

Question 22

Injury: anterior dislocation of the humerus

Answer 22

axillary nerve

Question 23

Injury: Torn and displaced annular ligament; no pain until elbow is moved

Answer 23

Radial head subluxation (nursemaid’s elbow)

Question 24

sacral genesis causing lower extremity paralysis and urinary incontinence a/w poorly controlled maternal diabetes

Answer 24

caudal regression syndrome

Question 25

flexor capri ulnari | flexor digitorum profundus ( works to flex and adduct the arm)

Answer 25

ulnar nerve

Question 26

adductor pollicis muscle (adduct the thumb), interosseous muscles and 3rd/4th lumbrical muscles ( abduct and adduct the fingers)

Answer 26

ulnar nerve

Question 27

flexed at ICP | extended at MCP

Answer 27

ulnar claw

Question 28

flexors of forearm include: pronator teres, palmaris longs, flexor carpi radials, flexor digitorum superficialis, pronator quadratus and the lateral half of flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 28

median nerve

Question 29

Helps to flex and pronate the wrist

Answer 29

median nerve

Question 30

Injury: cannot abduct the thumb ( will see thenar eminence wasting)

Answer 30

ape hand (median nerve)

Question 31

skin over lateral palm | skin of distal first 3 1/2 digits

Answer 31

median nerve

Question 32

_______ nerve entrapment at the carpal tunnel (enclosed by the inelastic _______ventrally and the _______ dorsally

Answer 32

median nerve Flexor retinaculum carpal bones Called: carpal tunnel syndrome

Question 33

Injury: can't flex digits 2 and 3 | *** only apparent when they try to make a fist

Answer 33

hand of benediction ( median nerve)

Question 34

sensation from the lateral shoulder

Answer 34

axillary nerve

Question 35

Injury: fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus

Answer 35

axillary nerve

Question 36

artery that runs with axillary nerve

Answer 36

posterior circumflex artery

Question 37

Injury: winging of the scapula

Answer 37

LTN

Question 38

Injury: wrist drop

Answer 38

radial nerve

Question 39

injury: cannot abduct or adduct fingers

Answer 39

ulnar nerve

Question 40

injury to carpal tunnel

Answer 40

median nerve

Question 41

Innervates the posts muscle and iliacus (together makes the ilapsoas muscle)

Answer 41

femoral nerve

Question 42

pectineus and sartorius

Answer 42

femoral nerve

Question 43

hip flexors (pectineus, sartorius, and ilapsoas)

Answer 43

femoral nerve

Question 44

knee extensors (quadriceps muscles - vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and rectus femoris

Answer 44

femoral nerve

Question 45

Injury: decreased sensation to the anterior thigh and medial leg

Answer 45

femoral nerve

Question 46

injury to pelvis affects what nerve?

Answer 46

femoral nerve

Question 47

adductors of the hip ( adductor brevis, adductor longs, and adductor magnus) and knee flexor (gracilis muscle)

Answer 47

obturator nerve

Question 48

injury: anterior hip dislocation

Answer 48

obturator nerve

Question 49

sensation of medial thigh

Answer 49

obturator nerve

Question 50

innervates tensor fasciae latae, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus

Answer 50

superior gluteal nerve

Question 51

innervates gluteus maximus

Answer 51

inferior gluteal nerve

Question 52

injury due to posterior hip dislocation ; also can be affected in polio

Answer 52

superior gluteal nerve

Question 53

trendelenburg gait

Answer 53

superior gluteal nerve

Question 54

hip extension and lateral rotation of the thigh

Answer 54

inferior gluteal nerve

Question 55

biceps femoris muscle, semitendinosis, semimembranosus muscle, hamstring portion of adductor magnus

Answer 55

tibial branch of sciatic nerve

Question 56

hip extension and knee flexion

Answer 56

tibial branch of the sciatic nerve

Question 57

posterior sensation to the thigh, gluteal region, and lower leg except the medial side

Answer 57

sciatic nerve

Question 58

plantaris, popliteus, soleus, gastrocenemius muscles, flexor digitorum longus tendon, flexor hallicus longus tendon, tibilalis posterior tendon ( inversion of the foot)

Answer 58

tibial nerve

Question 59

Knee trauma injury

Answer 59

tibial nerve

Question 60

sensation to the sole of the foot

Answer 60

tibial nerve

Question 61

fibular neck fracture

Answer 61

common peroneal nerve ( deep and superficial peroneal nerves)

Question 62

Peroneus Tertius muscle ( foot eversion),tibilalis anterior, extensor hallicus longus, and extensor digitorum longus ( all 3 work to dorsiflex the foot)

Answer 62

deep peroneal nerve

Question 63

lateral side of the knee injury

Answer 63

deep peroneal nerve

Question 64

peroneus longus and peroneus brevis muscles

Answer 64

superficial peroneal nerve

Question 65

injury: disc herniation

Answer 65

sciatic nerve

Question 66

injury: disc herniation Sensation: lower leg

Answer 66

sciatic nerve

Question 67

injury: anterior hip dislocation Allows thigh adduction Sensation: medial thigh

Answer 67

obturator nerve

Question 68

injury: pelvic fracture sensation: anterior thigh allows: hip flexion, knee extension

Answer 68

femoral nerve

Question 69

Injury: posterior hip dislocation | allows hip extension

Answer 69

inferior gluteal nerve

Question 70

sensation: Injury: lateral knee injury injury: foot drop

Answer 70

Deep peroneal nerve

Question 71

injury: knee injury | allows plantar flexion

Answer 71

Tibial nerve

Question 72

T10

Answer 72

belly button

Question 73

S2-S3

Answer 73

genitalia

Question 74

S5

Answer 74

Rectum

Question 75

L5

Answer 75

Heel

Question 76

Arterial Supply of Lower Limb

Answer 76

Aorta--> common iliac ( bifurcates into external iliac and internal iliac)-->e. iliac--> femoral artery and deep femoral --> femoral goes to (behind knee) popliteal artery and gives rise to the posterior tibial (posterior compartment) --> fibular (peroneal) artery and on the anterior side (anterior tibial (anterior compartment) --> dorsalis pedius