Upper Back/Shoulder Lab

Question 0

latissimus dorsi

Answer 0

ORIGIN: T6 to T12; thoracolumbar fascia; iliac crest
INSERTION: intertubercular tube of the humerus
INNERVATION: thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)
ACTION: extends, adducts and medially rotates humerus

Question 1

trapezius

Answer 1

ORIGIN: external occipital protuberance; C7 to T12 of spinous processes
INSERTION: lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and scapular spine
INNERVATION: Accessory nerve (XI), C3, C4
ACTION: back extension (retraction of scapula) (mid); elevates/upward rotation of scapula (superior); depresses and upwardly rotates scapula (inferior)

Question 2

Rhomboid major

Answer 2

INSERTION: medial border of scapula
INNERVATION: dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
ACTION: adducts, retracts and downwardly rotates scapula

Question 3

Rhomboid minor

Answer 3

INSERTION: medial border of scapula
INNERVATION: dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
ACTION: adducts, retracts and medially rotates scapula

Question 4

levator scapulae

Answer 4

INNERVATION: dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
ACTION: elevates and downwardly rotates scapula

Question 5

pectoralis major

Answer 5

ORIGIN: clavicle, sternum and costal cartilage
INSERTION: intertubercular groove of humerus, lateral lip
INNERVATION: medial/lateral pectoral nerves
ACTION: adducts and medially rotates humerus

Question 6

pectoralis minor

Answer 6

ORIGIN: ribs 3-5
INSERTION: coracoid process of scapula
INNERVATION: medial pectoral nerve
ACTION: protracts and depresses scapula

Question 7

serratus anterior

Answer 7

ORIGIN: external/lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8
INSERTION: medial/deep margin of scapula
INNERVATION: long thoracic nerve
ACTION: protracts and upwardly rotates scapula; stabilizes scapula on thoracic wall

Question 8

splenius capitis

Answer 8

INNERVATION: dorsal rami of spinal nerves
ACTION: acting alone–laterally bend and rotate neck to side of active muscle; acting together–extend head and neck

Question 9

splenius cervicis

Answer 9

INNERVATION: dorsal rami of spinal nerves
ACTION: acting alone–laterally bend and rotate neck to side of active muscle; acting together–extend head and neck

Question 10

semispinalis capitis

Answer 10

INNERVATION: dorsal rami of spinal nerves
ACTION: extends neck and rotates head to opposite side

Question 11

erector spinae

Answer 11

INNERVATION: dorsal rami of respective spinal nerves in each region
ACTION: acting together–extends vertebral column; acting alone–lateral flexion to same side
[spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis]

Question 12

serratus posterior superior

Answer 12

INNERVATION: intercostal nerves (2nd/5th)
ACTION: elevates ribs during inspiration

Question 13

serratus posterior inferior

Answer 13

INNERVATION: ventral (motor) rami of T9-T12 spinal nerves
ACTION: pulls ribs down and out during respiration

Question 14

coracobrachialis

Answer 14

ORIGIN: corocoid process
INSERTION: medial mid-shaft of humerus
INNERVATION: musculocutaneous nerve
ACTION: flexion and adduction of arm

Question 15

deltoid

Answer 15

ORIGIN: spine and acromion of scapula, lateral 1/3 of clavicle
INSERTION: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
INNERVATION: axillary nerve
ACTION: anterior fibers–flex humerus; middle fibers–abduct humerus; posterior fibers–extend humerus

Question 16

Teres major

Answer 16

ORIGIN: inferior angle of scapula
INSERTION: intertubercular groove of humerus, medial lip
INNERVATION: lower subscapular nerve
ACTION: stabilizes shoulder joint and laterally rotates humerus

Question 17

Teres minor

Answer 17

ORIGIN: lateral border of scapula
INSERTION: greater tubercle of humerus
INNERVATION: axillary nerve
ACTION: stabilizes shoulder joint and laterally rotates humerus

Question 18

supraspinatus

Answer 18

ORIGIN: supraspinatus fossa
INSERTION: greater tubercle of humerus
INNERVATION: subscapular nerve
ACTION: stabilizes joint and abducts humerus

Question 19

infraspinatous

Answer 19

ORIGIN: infraspinatous fossa
INSERTION: greater tubercle of humerus
INNERVATION: subscapularis nerve
ACTION: stabilize joint and laterally rotates humerus

Question 20

subscapularis

Answer 20

ORIGIN: subscapular fossa
INSERSION: lesser tubercle of humerus
INNERVATION: upper and lower subscapular nerve
ACTION: stabilizes shoulder joint and medially rotates humerus

Question 21

brachialis

Answer 21

ORIGIN: distal anterior humerus
INSERTION: ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process
INNERVATION: musculocutaneous nerve
ACTION: flexion of forearm

Question 22

biceps brachii

Answer 22

ORIGIN: long head–supraglenoid tubercle; short head–coracoid process
INSERTION: radial tuberosity
INNERVATION: musculocutaneous nerve
ACTION: flexior of forearm; supination of forearm

Question 23

triceps brachii

Answer 23

ORIGIN: long head–infraglenoid tubercle; lateral head–posterior superior humerus; medial head–posterior inferior humerus
INSERTION: olercranon process of ulna
INNERVATION: radial nerve
ACTION: extends forearm

Question 24

anconeous

Answer 24

INNERVATION: radial nerve ACTION: extension of forearm

Question 25

brachioradialis

Answer 25

ORIGIN: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus INSERTION: lateral, distal end of radius INNERVATION: radial nerve ACTION: flexes forearm

Question 26

supinator

Answer 26

INNERVATION: radial nerve ACTION: supinates forearm

Question 27

pronator Teres

Answer 27

INNERVATION: median nerve ACTION: pronates and flexes forearm

Question 28

pronator quadratus

Answer 28

INNERVATION: median nerve ACTION: pronates forearm