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Anatomy > Upper Limb > Flashcards

Upper Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 12 muscles of the extensor surface of the forearms

A

Upper Surface
1.Anconeus
2.Supinator
Lateral Side
3.Brachioradialis
4.Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
5.Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
Posterior Surface
6.Extensor Digitorum
7.Digiti Minimi
8.Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Deep Surface
9. Abductor Pollicis Longus
10.Extensors Pollicis Longus
11.Extensors Pollicis Brevis
12.Extensor Indicis

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2
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Brachioradialis and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin: Upper 2/3 Lateral Supracondylar ridge
Insertion: base of the styloid of the radius
Blood Supply: Post. Interosseus Artery from Ulnar Artery
Nerve Supply: Radial Nerve(C5,C6) before post. Interosseus Nerve
Action: Flexion of the Arm & a weak Pronator

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3
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin: Lower 3rd of the Lateral Supracondylar Ridge
Insertion:Base of the 2nd Matacarpal
Blood Supply: Post. Interosseas Artery from Ulnar Artery
Nerve Supply:Radial Nerve(C5,C6) before post. Interosseus nerve
Action:Extensor And Abductor of the wrist and mid-carpal joints. Assists in the flexion of the elbow.

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4
Q

What are the 4 Muscles of Common Extensor Origin

A

1.Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
2.Extensor Digitorum
3.Extensor Digiti Minimi
4.Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

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5
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin: Common Extensor Origin
Insertion: Base of the 3rd Metacarpal
Blood Supply: Posterior Interosseous Artery from Ulnar Artery
Nerve Supply: Posterior Interosseous Nerve(C6,C7) branches in cubital fossa
Action: Wrist Extensors

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6
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Extensor Digitorum and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin: Common Extensor Origin
Insertion: Metacarpophalengeal Joint but variable location
Blood Supply: Post. Interosseous Artery
Nerve Supply: Posterior Interosseous Nerve
Action: It is the extensor of the digits and wrist extension

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7
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Extensor Digiti Minimi and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin: Common Extensor Origin
Insertion: splits in 2 and wraps around Extensor digitorum
Blood Supply:
Nerve Supply: Post. Interosseous Nerve
Action: Extensor of the little finger

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8
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Extensor Carpi Ulnaris and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin: Common Extensor Origin
Insertion: Base of 5th Metacarpal
Blood Supply:
Nerve Supply: Post. Interosseous Nerve
Action: Extensor of the Wristnd with Flexor Carpi Ulnaris causes ulnar flexion of the wrist

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9
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Anconeus and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin: Lateral Epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Lateral Side of Olecranon
Blood Supply: Post. Interosseous Artery
Nerve Supply: Radial nerve
Action: Helps in Pronation

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10
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Supinator and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin:
i.deep part: Supinator Crest and Fossa of the Ulna
ii.Superficial Part: Lateral Epicondyle of Humerus and Radial Lateral Ligament and behind the supinator crest
Insertion: Anterior Oblique line of radius
Blood Supply: Posterior Interosseous
Nerve Supply: Posterior Interosseous Nerve
Action: Supinator But remember Biceps is the main supinator

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11
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Abductor Pollicis Longus and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin: Oblique Area of Radius And Ulnar And Interosseous membrane
Insertion:
i. Trapezium
ii. Base of 1st Metacarpal+slip for adjoining Abductor Pollicis Brevis
Blood Supply:
Nerve Supply: Posterior Interosseous Nerve
Action:Abduction of the thumb but also flexion of the wrist

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12
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Extensor Pollicis Brevis and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin: At the Radius and Ulnar And Interosseous membrane below Abductor pollicis longus
Insertion: radial border of the snuffbox and into the dorsal surface of the first metacarpal and base of proximal phalanx
Blood Supply:
Nerve Supply:Posterior interosseous nerve
Action:

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13
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Extensor Pollicis Longus and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin: Ulnar distal to the Abductor Pollicis Longus
Insertion: terminal phalnyx of the thumb
Blood Supply: Posterior Interosseous Artery then Anterior Interosseous Artery
Nerve Supply:
Action:

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14
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Extensor Indices and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin:
Insertion: dorsal expension of the index finger
Blood Supply:
Nerve Supply: Post. Interosseous nerve
Action: Extends the index finger

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15
Q

What are the boundaries of the anatomical snuffbox

A

Ulnar(medial) side:Extensor Pollicis Longus
Radial(lateral) side: Extensor Pollicis Brevis and Abductor Pollicis Longus
Proximal Border: Styloid process of the radius
Contents:
Cephalic vein, Radial Artery, Radial Styloid, Superficial Branch of the radial nerve, Base of 1st Metacarpal, Scaphoid and Trapezium

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16
Q

What are the attachments of the extensor Retinaculum

A

Medially: At the styloid process of the Radius
Laterally: To the pisiform and Triquestral bone
Proximally

17
Q

The extensor retinaculum causes a separation of the Extensor muscles into 6 compartments. What are the 6 compartments

A
  1. Extensor pollicis brevis and Abductor Pollicis Longus
  2. Extensor Pollicis Longus
  3. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis and Longus
  4. Extensor Digitorum and extensor indices
  5. Extensor digiti minimi
    6.Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
18
Q

What muscles are involved in the extension of the wrist

A
  1. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
  2. Extensor Carpi Radilais Brevis
  3. Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
  4. Extensor Pollicis Longus
  5. Extensor Pollicis Brevis
18
Q

What muscles are involved in the flexion of the Wrist

A
  1. Flexor Carpi Radialis
  2. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
  3. Palmaris longus
  4. Abductor Pollicis Longus
  5. Flexors of the fingers
18
Q

What are the borders of the flexor retinaculum?

A

Attachments: Radial side of the tubercle of the scaphoid and the ridge of the trapezium
Ulnar side: Pisiform and the Hamate

19
Q

What Makes up the thenar Muscles

A

i.Abductor Pollicis Brevis
ii.Flexor Pollicis Brevis
iii.Opponens Pollicis

20
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Abductor Pollicis Brevis and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin: Flexor Retinaculum and Tubercle of the scaphoid
Insertion: Tendon of extensor pollicis longus
Blood Supply:
Nerve Supply: Recurrent Branch of the Median Nerve
Action:

21
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Flexor Pollicis Brevis and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin: Flexor Retinaculum and the associated trapezium
Insertion: Radial Sesamoid of the thumb and radial border
Blood Supply:
Nerve Supply: Recurrent Branch of the median Nerve
Action:

22
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Opponens Pollicis and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Origin: Flexor Retinaculum and the associated trapezium
Insertion: Radial Border of the Metacarpal Bone
Blood Supply:
Nerve Supply: Recurrent Branch of the median Nerve
Action:

23
Q

What blood vessels are part of the superficial palmar arch

A

i.Ulnar artery
ii.Superficial palmar branch of the radial artery

24
Q

How do the branches of the median nerve divide in the palm

A

There is division of the medial branch into
i. Sensory innervation of the index, middle and lateral ring finger
ii. Supplies the lumbrical muscle
Lateral branch supplies the palmar and distal dorsal surface
iii. Recurrent branch Supplies the thenar muscles

25
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Adductor Pollicis and the nerve supply and blood supply?

A

Transverse head origin from the palmar side of the 3rd metacarpal
inserts into ulnar sessamoid part of the thumb
Oblique head: Base of the 2nd and 3rd metcarpal
nerve supply:deep branch of the ulnar nerve

26
Q

What vessels supply the deep palmar arch?

A

i. Terminal branch of the radial artery
ii. Deep branch of the ulnar artery
they then branch into the palmar metacarpal arteries

27
Q

In the palm, What are the division of the ulnar nerve?

A

The ulnar nerve leaves the forearm beneath the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris, and into the flexor retinaculum on the radial side of the pisiform and hamate where it then divides into
i.Superficial-supplies palmaris brevis and the cutaneous part of the ulnar one and a half fingers. A palmar branch supplies the hypothenar muscles
ii.Deep- in between the origin heads of abductor digiti minimi and flexor digiti minimi and through the origin of opponens digiti minimi
it then supplies the 3 lumbricals all interossei, adductor pollicis and the hypothenar muscles

28
Q
A

Anatomy (7 decks)

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