Upper limb 2: Pectoral girdle, shoulder, arm

Question 1

Which 3 muscles attach to the coracoid process?

Answer 1

Biceps brachii (short head)
Coracobrachialis
Pec minor

Question 2

Tenderness of the intertubercular groove of the humerus indicates tendon inflammation of which muscle?

Answer 2

Biceps brachii (long head)

Question 3

If the tendon of the biceps brachii (long head) was inflamed, where would tenderness be felt?

Answer 3

Intertubercular groove

Question 4

Which muscle sits in the anterior face of the scapula?

Answer 4

Subscapularis

Question 5

Which area of the clavicle is most commonly fractured?

Answer 5

Junction between middle 1/3rd and lateral 1/3rd

Question 6

In a middle clavicular fracture, why do the separated parts move in opposite directions?

Answer 6

Medial section moves upwards - pulled by sternocleidomastoid

Lateral section moves downwards - limb drops down due to lack of support

Question 7

What is the only joint between the upper limb + axial skeleton?

Answer 7

Sternoclavicular joint

Question 8

In which direction is the glenohumeral joint most likely to dislocate?

Why is this?

Answer 8

Anterior + inferior

The lower part of the joint capsule is the weakest point

Question 9

The subacromial bursa enables the free movement of which muscle?

Answer 9

Supraspinatus

Question 10

The coracoacromial arch prevents what?

Answer 10

Superior dislocation

Question 11

The trapezius is innervated by which nerve?

Answer 11

CN XI

Question 12

Latissimus dorsi is innervated by which nerve?

Answer 12

Thoracodorsal nerve

Question 13

Levator scapulae is innervated by which nerve?

Answer 13

Dorsal scapula nerve

Question 14

Rhomboid minor + major are innervated by which nerve?

Answer 14

Dorsal scapula nerve

Question 15

Teres major is innervated by which nerve?

Answer 15

Lower subscapular nerve

Question 16

Serratus anterior attaches to which ribs?

Which border of the scapula?

Answer 16

Ribs 1 - 8

Medial border of scapula

Question 17

Serratus anterior is innervated by which nerve?

Answer 17

Long thoracic nerve

Question 18

Pectoralis major is innervated by which nerve?

Answer 18

Medial + lateral pectoral nerve

Question 19

Pectoralis minor is innervated by which nerve?

Answer 19

Medial pectoral nerve

Question 20

Which ribs does pectoralis minor attach to?

Answer 20

Ribs 3 - 5

Question 21

The deltoid can bring about every shoulder movement except from what?

Answer 21

Adduction

Question 22

The deltoid is innervated by which nerve?

Answer 22

Axillary nerve

Question 23

Teres minor is innervated by which nerve?

Answer 23

Axillary nerve

Question 24

What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 24

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

Question 25

Which part of the humerus do the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor attach to?

Answer 25

Greater tubercle of humerus

Question 26

Which part of the humerus does subscapularis attach to?

Answer 26

Lesser tubercle of humerus

Question 27

Supraspinatus + infraspinatus are innervated by which nerve?

Answer 27

Suprascapular nerve

Question 28

In which direction, medial or lateral, do supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor rotate the shoulder?

Answer 28

Lateral

Question 29

In which direction, medial or lateral, does subscapularis rotate the shoulder?

Answer 29

Medial

Question 30

What is the function of the anterior compartment of the arm?

Answer 30

Flexion + supination

Question 31

Which nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the arm?

Answer 31

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 32

What is the function of the posterior compartment of the arm?

Answer 32

Extension

Question 33

Which nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the arm?

Answer 33

Radial nerve

Question 34

What are the 3 muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm?

Answer 34

Biceps brachii Coracobrachialis Brachialis

Question 35

Biceps brachii attaches to where distally?

Answer 35

Radial tuberosity

Question 36

Which muscle is found in the posterior compartment of the arm?

Answer 36

Triceps

Question 37

What are the 3 heads of the triceps?

Answer 37

Long Lateral Medial

Question 38

Triceps brachii attaches to where distally?

Answer 38

Ulna (olecranon)

Question 39

To reach the neck of the humerus, the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex artery pass through which space?

Answer 39

Quadrangular space

Question 40

To reach the posterior humerus, the radial nerve and deep brachial artery pass through which space?

Answer 40

Triangular interval

Question 41

The subscapular artery branches off from which artery?

Answer 41

Axillary artery

Question 42

The subscapular artery gives rise to which artery?

Answer 42

Circumflex scapular artery

Question 43

Superficial drainage of the arm is via which 2 veins?

Answer 43

Cephalic vein Basilic vein

Question 44

Which muscle is responsible for the initial 15 - 20 degrees of shoulder abduction?

Answer 44

Supraspinatus

Question 45

The quadrangular space is bordered by which 3 muscles?

Answer 45

Teres major Teres minor Triceps brachii (long head)

Question 46

What passes through the quadrangular space?

Answer 46

Axillary nerve Posterior humoral circumflex artery

Question 47

What are the borders of the triangular interval?

Answer 47

Triceps brachii (long head) Triceps brachii (lateral head) Teres major

Question 48

What passes through the triangular interval?

Answer 48

Radial nerve Deep brachial artery

Question 49

What are the 2 key muscles that the axillary nerve innervates?

Answer 49

Deltoid Teres minor

Question 50

Dislocation of the acromioclavicular joint leads to which pathology? Which 2 structures are damaged?

Answer 50

Shoulder separation Coracoacromial ligament Coracoclavicular ligament

Question 51

Scapula winging results from damage to which nerve?

Answer 51

Long thoracic nerve

Question 52

Which vein in the arm is often used to draw blood?

Answer 52

Median cubital vein