Upper limb Flashcards by Adele Harris

What is the only joint that keeps the upper limb in contact with the body

Sternoclavicular joint (saddle joint)

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Which joint in the upper limb are plane?

Acromoclavicular joint

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What are the elbow joints? What type are they?

Humeroulnar joint
Radiohumeral joint

hinge type

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Annular ligament of radius

Keep the radius attached to the ulnar and allows it to rotate.
it limits the movement at the radiohumeral joint (ball and socket joint)

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How many planes of movement does an ellipsoid joint have? give an example

Radiocarpal joint

2 planes

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What are the two main muscles that cause supination

biceps bracii

supinator

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In pronation what moves

Radius moves over the ulna

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What are the pivot joints in the upper limb?

Distal radioulnar joint

Proximal radioulnar joint

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What rotation does the thumb have?

90 degree on all of the movements

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What movement is a thumbs up?

Extension

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What is the trapezius?

on the neck
triangle muscle
Innervation is the CNXI
three parts- descending, transverse and ascending

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Describe the rhomboid minor and major

draws scapula back- retract it but also slightly elevate it due to the direction of the fibres
minor is superior
Innervated by dorsal scapula nerve

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Serratus anterior innervation?

Long thoracic nerve

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What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles?

Teres minor
Infraspinatus
Supraspinatus
Subscapularis

(Top 3 attached to the greater tuberosity, subscapularis attaches to the lesser tuberosity)

Remember TISS from greater to lesser tuberosity

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How much of the glenoid head fits in the fossa at any one time?

1/3

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What type of joint is the 5th MCP joint?

Condyloid type

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What type of joint is the 1st CMC joint

Saddle type

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Biceps bracii- which is the longer of the heads

The lateral head is the long head (goes through bicipital groove)

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What is the innervation of the serrates anterior?

Long thoracic nerve

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With a bent arm what is the most powerful supinator?

Biceps brachii

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What are the muscles in the superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

PFPF
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

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What muscle is in the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

flexor digitorum superficialis

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What is your beer drinking muscle? (the one that pops out)

Bracioradialis

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Triangle muscle that attaches to the humorous and comes down onto the ulnar. Some point have it-others don’t. Dosent really do much

Anconeus

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What does the extensor digits minimi have its effect on?

little finger

What Is the posterior compartment of the forarm innervated by?

radial nerve

What is the innervation of the levator scapulae

Dorsal scapula nerve

What is the "bye bye" muscle

lumbricals

What is innervated by the median nerve? (the rest in the hand are by the ulnar nerve)

Lateral 2 lumbricals

Brachial plexus

A collection of nerves arising from c5-T1 anterior rami.

Brachial plexus-All the posterior divisions come together to form the

posterior cord

If the median nerve is pinched what movement is inhibited

thumb

When you bend your arm , the artery is pinched. How is blood supplied?

Elbow anastomosis

What is the innervation of the elevator scapulae?

Dorsal scapula nerve

What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the arm?

Biceps brachii crachialis coracobrachialis

What is the innervation and action of the anterior compartment of the arm?

Innervation- musculocutaneous n | actions- flexion of arm and forearm

What muscle is in the posterior compartment of the arm

triceps brachii

What is the innervation and action of the arm

Innervation - radial n | actions- extension of arm and forearm

What muscles are in the forearm anterior compartment - deep layer?

Flexor pollicis longus flexor digitorum profundus pronator quadratus

Forearm posterior compartment- superficial layer?

``` Brachioradialis ancones extensor carpi radialis longus extensor digitorum extensor carpi ulnari extensor carpi radialis brevis extensor digiti minimi ```

Forearm posterior compartment-deep layer?

``` Supinator abductor pollicis longus extensor pollicis longus extensor indices extensor pollicis brevis ```

What are the 3 muscles of the thenar eminence?

abductor pollicis brevis flower pollicis brevis oppenens brevis aspected by carpal tunnel syndrome

What is the innervation of the thenar eminence?

Recurrent branch of the median nerve

What are the muscles of the hypothenar eminence?

Abductor digiti minimi flexor digiti minimi brevis opponens digiti minimi

What is the innervation of the hypothenar eminence

deep branch of the ulnar nerve

Where are the lumbricals attached?

to the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus

What is the innervation of the lumbricals?

Median n- lateral 2 | Ulnar n - medial 2

What are the two interossei and hat are their functions?

Dorsal interossei - abduction of digits (DAB) | Palmar interossei - adduction of digits (PAD)

What is the innervation of the interossei?

Ulnar

Where does the brachial plexus travel?

passes through the axilla to the medial arm | cords travel around the brachial artery

What is the mnemonic to remember the brachial plexus (proximal to distal)

Really Tired Drink Coffee Now ``` Roots Trunks Divisions Cords Nerves ```

What roots of the brachial plexus form the superior trunk?

C5, C6

What root of the brachial plexus form the Mid trunk?

What roots of the brachial plexus form the inferior trunk?

C8,T1

What divisions of the brachial plexus form the lateral cord?

Anterior divisions from the superior and mid trunk

What divisions of the brachial plexus form the posterior cord?

posterior divisions of the superior, mid and inferior trunks

What divisions of the brachial plexus form the medial cord?

Anterior division of the inferior trunk

What nerves are formed from the posterior cord?

axially and radial

What nerves are formed from the lateral and medial cords

Lateral- Musculocutaneous Lateral and medial- Median Medial- Ulnar

What is carpal tunnel formed by?

Flexor retinaculum | Carpals

What is contained within the carpal tunnel?

Flexor digitorum superficialis (x4) Flexor digitorium profundus (x4) Flexor pollicis longus (x1) Median nerve

What is carpal tunnel syndrome?

Compression of median nerve weakness in the thenar muscles Numbness in digits 1-3 and lateral half of digit 4

What does the axillary artery divide into and what does this divide into

Axillary artery becomes the brachial artery which divides to become the radial and ulnar arteries. These later form the superficial and deep arch

What forms the scapular anastomosis?

suprascapular a dorsal scapular a circumflex scapular a

Upper limb Flashcards

(64 cards)