Upper Respiratory System

Question 1

Classification of respiratory system

Answer 1

Upper and lower respiratory system

Question 2

Upper respiratory system

Answer 2

Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx

Question 3

Lower respiratory system

Answer 3

Larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

Question 4

Functionally consists of 2 parts:

Answer 4

Conducting zone
Respiratory zone

Question 5

consists of a series of interconnecting cavities and tubes both outside and within the lungs.

Answer 5

Conducting zone

Question 6

Where the main sites of gas exchange between air and blood.

Answer 6

Respiratory zone

Question 7

intake of O2 for delivery to body cells and removal of CO2 produced by body
cells.

Answer 7

Provides for gas exchange

Question 8

Helps regulate…?

Answer 8

Blood pH

Question 9

Contains receptors for…?

Answer 9

sense of smell, filters inspired air, produces vocal sounds (phonation), and
excretes small amounts of water
and heat.

Question 10

specialized organ at the entrance of the respiratory system

Answer 10

Nose

Question 11

The nose consists of?

Answer 11

external portion (external nose)
internal portion called the nasal cavity (internal nose).

Question 12

portion of the nose visible on the face

Answer 12

External Nose

Question 13

area between the eyebrows; superior attachment of the nose

Answer 13

Root

Question 14

bony framework of the nose

Answer 14

Bridge

Question 15

anterior margin

Answer 15

Dorsum Nasi

Question 16

tip of the nose

Answer 16

Apex

Question 17

external openings

Answer 17

Nostrils/Nares

Question 18

form the bony framework of
the external nose

Answer 18

frontal bone, nasal bones, and maxillae

Question 19

consists of several pieces of hyaline cartilage connected to each other and certain skull bones by fibrous connective tissue.

Answer 19

cartilaginous framework of the external nose

Question 20

forms the anterior portion of the nasal septum.

Answer 20

Septal nasal cartilage

Question 21

inferior to the nasal bones

Answer 21

Lateral nasal cartilages

Question 22

form a portion of the walls of the nostrils.

Answer 22

Alar cartilages

Question 23

The interior structures of the external nose have three functions:

Answer 23

1. warming, moistening, and filtering incoming air
2. detecting olfactory stimuli
3. modifying speech vibrations

Question 24

refers to prolonging, amplifying, or modifying a sound by vibration.

Answer 24

Resonance

Question 25

- lies inferior to the nasal bone and superior to the oral cavity - it is lined with muscle and mucous membrane

Answer 25

Nasal Cavity

Question 26

divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides.

Answer 26

Nasal septum

Question 27

Anterior Portion of the nasal septum

Answer 27

hyaline cartilage

Question 28

drain mucus and serve as resonating chambers for sound as we speak or sing

Answer 28

Paranasal sinuses

Question 29

drain tears and open into the nasal cavity

Answer 29

Pasolacrimal ducts

Question 30

the remainder of nasal septum is formed by ?

Answer 30

the vomer and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid, maxillae, and palatine bones

Question 31

lateral walls of the internal nose are formed by?

Answer 31

ethmoid, maxillae, lacrimal, palatine, and inferior nasal conchae bones

Question 32

also forms the roof.

Answer 32

Ethmoid bone and sphenoid bones

Question 33

help to keep the vestibule and nasal cavity patent, that is, open or unobstructed.

Answer 33

bony and cartilaginous framework of the nose

Question 34

nasal cavity is divided into

Answer 34

larger, inferior respiratory region and a smaller, superior olfactory region.

Question 35

The respiratory region is lined goblet cells, which is frequently called

Answer 35

respiratory epithelium

Question 36

formed anteriorly by the hard palate and posteriorly, by the soft palate.

Answer 36

Floor

Question 37

is lined with skin containing sebaceous and sweat glands and numerous hair follicles.

Answer 37

Nasal vestibule

Question 38

filter coarse particles.

Answer 38

Nose hairs or vibrissae

Question 39

2 TYPES OF MUCOUS:

Answer 39

Olfactory and respiratory/nasal mucosa

Question 40

houses smell receptors

Answer 40

Olfactory mucosa

Question 41

a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, containing goblet cells that secretes mucus to moisten the air and trap dust particles

Answer 41

Respiratory mucosa

Question 42

move the mucus and trapped particles toward the pharynx for removal.

Answer 42

Cilia

Question 43

3MUCOSA-COVERED PROJECTIONS:

Answer 43

>Superior nasal conchae >Middle nasal conchae >Inferior nasal conchae

Question 44

openings or passages

Answer 44

Meatus

Question 45

make up the olfactory epithelium. It contains cilia but no goblet cells.

Answer 45

olfactory receptor cells, supporting cells, and basal cells

Question 46

How long is pharynx?

Answer 46

13cm (5inch) long

Question 47

the most inferior cartilage of the larynx

Answer 47

Pharynx

Question 48

connects the nasal cavity and mouth superiorly to the larynx and esophagus inferiorly.

Answer 48

Pharynx

Question 49

passageway for air and food and houses tonsils

Answer 49

Pharynx

Question 50

provides a resonating chamber for speech sounds

Answer 50

Pharynx

Question 51

participate in immunological reactions against foreign invaders.

Answer 51

Tonsils

Question 52

serves only as an air passageway lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium that propels mucus.

Answer 52

Nasopharynx

Question 53

lies posterior to the oral cavity serving as a passageway for both air and swallowed food lined with nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

Answer 53

Oropharynx

Question 54

its inferior end opens into the esophagus (food tube) posteriorly and the larynx (voice box) anteriorly. Like the oropharynx, it is both a respiratory and a digestive pathway and is lined by nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

Answer 54

Laryngopharynx

Question 55

two layers of pharynx

Answer 55

>outer circular layer >inner longitudinal layer.

Question 56

- superior portion of the pharynx - lies posterior to the nasal cavity and extends to the soft palate.

Answer 56

nasopharynx

Question 57

- forms the posterior portion of the roof of the mouth - arch-shaped muscular partition between the nasopharynx and oropharynx that is lined by mucous membrane.

Answer 57

Soft palate

Question 58

What are the five openings?

Answer 58

>two internal nares >two openings that lead into the auditory (pharyngotympanic)tubes (commonly known as the eustachian tubes) >opening into the oropharynx.

Question 59

posterior wall of the nasopharynx contains?

Answer 59

Pharyngeal tonsil

Question 60

- lies posterior to the oral cavity and extends from the soft palate inferiorly to the level of the hyoid bone.

Answer 60

Oropharynx

Question 61

The only one opening of the oropharynx that is the opening of the mounth

Answer 61

Faucets

Question 62

Two pairs of tonsils, the palatine and lingual tonsils, are found in the?

Answer 62

Oropharynx

Question 63

inferior portion of the pharynx

Answer 63

Laryngopharynx

Question 64

The inferior end of laryngopharynx it opens to what? (2 openings)

Answer 64

>opens into the esophagus (food tube) posteriorly >the larynx (voice box) anteriorly.

Question 65

lighten the skull, and help to warm and moisten the air.

Answer 65

Paranasal sinuses

Question 66

Cricoid cartilage is attach to the first ring of cartilage of the trachea by the?

Answer 66

cricotracheal ligament

Question 67

two tonsils of oropharynx

Answer 67

Palatine lingual tonsils

Question 68

1 opening of laryngopharynx

Answer 68

opening leading to larynx

Question 69

Obtain energy

Answer 69

Metabolism

Question 70

More oxygen = ?

Answer 70

Healthy weight loss and proper muscle function

Question 71

Deprived oxygen results in?

Answer 71

painful muscles

Question 72

Deprived oxygen

Answer 72

Kreb cycle

Question 73

The endocrine system with respiratory system makes?

Answer 73

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)

Question 74

a.) .....? catalize formation of hormones namely b)....? from c).....?

Answer 74

A. Angiotensin-converting enzyme B. Angiotensin II C. Angiotensin I

Question 75

Defense mechanism on nose

Answer 75

Cilia

Question 76

Defense mechanism ln trachea

Answer 76

Mucus membrane on trachea

Question 77

Defense mechanism on pharynx

Answer 77

Tonsils

Question 78

Promotes flow of lymph

Answer 78

Respiratory pump

Question 79

The forceful contraction of respiratory muscles can assist in?

Answer 79

defacation

Question 80

More carbon dioxide results in?

Answer 80

more acidic blood

Question 81

Provides oxygen to developing fetus

Answer 81

Internal respiration

Question 82

Cell that is responsible for gas exchange?

Answer 82

Type 1 alveolar cells or pneumocyte

Question 83

Productiomn of surfactant

Answer 83

Type 2 alveolar cells

Question 84

Filtering, warming, and moistening air

Answer 84

Conducting zone

Question 85

Surrounds apex

Answer 85

Alar

Question 86

Produce mucus

Answer 86

Goblet cells

Question 87

5 paranasal sinuses:

Answer 87

Frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, nasal, maxillary sinuses

Question 88

5 sinuses have?

Answer 88

pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells

Question 89

Nasopharynx have?

Answer 89

Pseudo Stratified ciliated columnar epithelum

Question 90

Osopharynx have?

Answer 90

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 91

Laryngopharynx have?

Answer 91

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium