Urban Processes Flashcards
(15 cards)
What are causes of suburbanization
- better transport links between suburbs + CBD
- CBD push factors
(Like congestion, pollution) - CBD pull factors
(More space, less pollution)
What are some push factors for moving in to suburbs
- congestion
- overcrowding
- pollution
What are some pull factors into suburbs
- less pollution
- more space (land-wise)
- greener
- less congestion
What factors affect rate of urbanization
- rate of population growth
- high rate of rural-urban migration
- high rates of natural increase
- push + pull factors
(into the urban areas)
Factories affecting emergency of megacities
- urban agglomerations
Why are there urban agglomerations
- favorable locations:
- near mineral resources
(Like coal, oil, iron) - river cross points
- coastal areas for trade
What are some problems associated with rapid urbanization
- housing
- access to water + electricity
- congestion + transport
- unemployment
- crime
What are the housing problems associated with rapid urbanization
- demand > supply
(For houses) - homes may be too expensive for many
- So they end up in slums
(Mostly in LICs)
How many people are projected to be in urban slubs by 2050
3 billion people
How many more low cost homes are needed in cities in 2025
331 million
What are some water + electricity supply associated with rapid urbanization
- demand > supply
- streams can be polluted by sewerage
How many urban residents were without basic sanitation provision in 2015
667 million urban residents
What are some congestion + transport problems associated with rapid urbanization
- demand > supply
- over-crowded
- air pollution
- noise pollution
- visual pollution
In 2018, what % of cities met WHO air quality guidelines
3% of cities
What are some employment problems associated with rapid urbanization
- many unable to find work once they migrated to cities
- many have to work in informal sector
