URGENCIAS 1ST PARTIAL

Question 1

It is defined as a localized area of necrosis in the myocardium that it the product of prolonged ischemia lasting more than 20 minute

Answer 1

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Question 2

Symptoms include: wheezing and anxiety, increased respiratory effort, flushing of the neck and face

Answer 2

ASTHMA ATTACK

Question 3

Acetilsalicylic acid may help reduce the severity of myocardial infarction and stroke because once absorbed into the bloodstream, aspirin irreversibly inhibits COX-1 in platelets, which decreases their production of thromboxane. If signs of any of these emergencies are observed, it is recommended to chew a ___ aspirin tablet while waiting for the ambulance to arrive

Answer 3

300 MG TABLET

Question 4

Acute asthma attacks can be caused by

Answer 4

ALL OF THE ABOVE ( STRESS AND ANXIETY, COLD AIR, MEDICATIONS SUCH AS SALICYLATES AND NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS)

Question 5

Medicine from the first aid kit that works as a bronchodilator. It is indicated as prophylaxis and treatment of bronchial asthma and bronchospasm associated with bronchitis and emphysema

Answer 5

SALBUTAMOL

Question 6

Is a chronic diseases characterized by special inflammation of the airways that cause narrowing of the airways, decreased airflow in and out of the lungs. Patients use salbumatol inhalers.

Answer 6

ASTHMA

Question 7

These are multiple factors that increase the incidence of emergencies in the clinic:

Answer 7

ALL OF THE ABOVE (INCREASED CARE FOR OLDER ADULTS, LONGER SESSIONS, INCREASED CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DEGENERATIVE DISEASES)

Question 7

You should wait at least _____ for elective dental treatment after a myocardial infarction. Before this time, only emergency situations should be resolved, after consultation with the cardiologist who will determine whether the management will be outpatient or inpatient

Answer 7

6 MONTHS

Question 8

Some of its signs and symptoms are: skin rash, facial flushing or sudden paleness, laryngeal edema, brochospasm accompanied by stridor, hypotension or tachycardia

Answer 8

ANAPHYLAXIA

Question 9

Medicine from the first aid kit that acts through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase activity and therefore of the synthesis of prostaglandins, Despite having antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity, its greatest effect is analgesia. In cases of acute pain, 30 mg of the medicine should be administered sublingually.

Answer 9

KETOROLAC

Question 10

Antagonizes the effects of histamine, which is why it is used as a treatment for symptoms associated with allergies. This medication prevents the allergic reaction by histamine but does not prevent its release. It has notable antimuscarinic activity and an intense tendency to induce sedation.

Answer 10

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

Question 10

Recommended acute pharmacological management in the event of a hypertensive crisis during dental care

Answer 10

SUBLINGUAL NITROGLYCERIN

Question 11

In the _____ standard NOM, it is specified: “THE DENTAL OFFICE MUST HAVE A FIRST AID KIT THAT INCLUDES WHAT IS NECESSARY FOR THE CONTROL OF MEDICAL EMERGENCIES THAT MAY ARISE IN DENTAL PRACTICE”

Answer 11

NOM-013-SSA2-2006

Question 12

Secondary treatment of anafilaxia

Answer 12

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

Question 13

Medicine from the first aid kit that is available as a spray or sublingual tablet. It is used to treat episodes of angina pectoris. It works as a coronary vasodilator that relaxes vascular muscle and allows a decrease in myocardial oxygen demand

Answer 13

NITROGLYCERIN

Question 14

Severe allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and can cause DEATH

Answer 14

ANAPHYLAXIS

Question 15

It is a portable electronic device that diagnoses and can help restore the heart rhythm when a person suffers a cardiac arrests

Answer 15

AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR

Question 16

What is an emergency situation for you?

Answer 16

A CRITICAL SITUATION IN THE PATIENT’S HEALTH THAT NEEDS TO BE DEALT WITH IMMEDIATELY AND THAT THREATENS THE PATIENT’S LIFE

Question 17

What is the compression to ventilation ratio that should be used when giving RCP?

Answer 17

30:2

Question 18

Consists of placing the patient with the head down and feet elevated. This position was promoted as a way to increase venous return to the heart, increase cardiac output, and improve perfusion of vital organs

Answer 18

TRENDELENBURG POSITION

Question 18

What is the dose of adrenaline used in patients with anaphylactic shock?

Answer 18

0.5ML AT A CONCENTRATION OF 1:1000

Question 19

Solution for intravenous infusion for carbohydrate metabolism disorders (hypoglycemia, insulin coma)

Answer 19

5% GLUCOSE SOLUTION

Question 20

What is the first-line medication for adrenal crisis?

Answer 20

HYDROCORTISONE

Question 21

Factors that reduce the risk of emergencies, except:

Answer 21

LONG APPOINTMENTS

Question 22

Medicine front the first aid kit that acts as an antiplatelet agent, which can help reduce the severity of a myocardial infarction and strokes

Answer 22

ASPIRIN

Question 23

It is defined as an increase in PaO2 (arterial oxygen pressure) and a decrease in PaCO2 (arterial carbon dioxide pressure), caused by an increase in the frequency or depth of breathing

Answer 23

HYPERVENTILATION

Question 24

Angina Pectoris

Answer 24

ALL OF THE ABOVE ( IS A FORM OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE, CAN BE PRECIPITATED BY STRESS, MAY BE STABLE OR UNSTABLE)

Question 25

Dosage of sublingual nitroglycerin

Answer 25

5 MG

Question 26

Medicine used to awaken consciousness after syncope due to irritation of the membranes of the nose and lungs. Deep inhalations helps reset breathing patters, sending more oxygen to the brain as breathing returns to normal

Answer 26

AMMONIUM SALTS

Question 26

Signs include: inability to speak, disnea, gasping, attempt to cough, cyanosis, possible loss of consciousness:

Answer 26

OBSTRUCTION BY FOREIGN OBJETC

Question 27

A medicine in a medicine cabinet used to treat SEVERE, life- threatening allergic reactions caused by insect bites or stings, foods, latex and other causes. The medicine should be injected intramuscularly as soon as it is suspected that the patients may be experiencing a severe allergic reaction

Answer 27

EPINEPHRINE

Question 28

What are the signs of airway obstruction

Answer 28

ALL OF THE ABOVE (INABILITY TO SPEAK, HIGH-PITCHED NOISE WHEN INHALING, POOR AIR EXCHANGE)

Question 29

How many puffs of bronchodilators are given as initial treatment to a patient with an asthma attack?

Answer 29

1 TO 2 PUFFS

Question 30

It is the most common form of syncope usually observed in young people

Answer 30

VASOVAGAL SYNCOPE