Urinalysis

Question 1

Red or brown urine may indicate

Answer 1

Bleeding into the urinary tract or hemolysis

Question 2

Dark yellow urine can indicate

Answer 2

Dehydrated

Question 3

Brown urine can indicate

Answer 3

Damage to muscles

Question 4

Yellow/brown or green urine can indicate

Answer 4

Possible liver disease or hemolysis

Question 5

Increased frequency of urination =

Answer 5

Pollakiuria

Question 6

Increased volume of urine production =

Answer 6

Polyuria

Question 7

Decreased in volume of urine production=

Answer 7

Oliguria

Question 8

Production of urine with a specific gravity that approaches that if glomerular filtrate

Answer 8

Isothenuria

Question 9

Production of urine with low specific gravity

Answer 9

Hyposthenuria

Question 10

What crystals are commonly found in horse and rabbit urine

Answer 10

Calcium carbonate

Question 11

Where are urine casts formed

Answer 11

Glomerulus

Question 12

What type of cell is a transitional cell

Answer 12

Epithelial

Question 13

The regulation of urine volume is controlled by what two hormones

Answer 13

Antidiuretic and aldosterone

Question 14

Aldosterone is secreted by the

Answer 14

Adrenal cortex

Question 15

Antidiuretic hormone is released by

Answer 15

Posterior pituitary gland

Question 16

Urine samples should be analyzed within ___ or refrigerated for ______

Answer 16

30min to an hour or refrigerated for 6-12 hours

Question 17

If you are going to refrigerate urine what must be checked first

Answer 17

Specific gravity

Question 18

Increased water consumption =

Answer 18

Polydipsia

Question 19

What is the normal urine output for dogs and cats

Answer 19

20-40ml/kg/day

Question 20

What is the normal urine output for horses

Answer 20

3-18ml/kg/day

Question 21

What is the normal urine output for cattle

Answer 21

17-45 ml/kg/day

Question 22

What is the specific gravity for Isothenuria

Answer 22

1.008-1.012

Question 23

What is specific gravity used for

Answer 23

Determine concentration of solutes to water in urine

Question 24

How is protein measured in the urine (degree of protein loss)

Answer 24

Ratio of urine protein to creatinine

Question 25

When is bilirubinuria seen

Answer 25

Liver disease

Question 26

What are the 3 ways urine is formed

Answer 26

Filtration Secretion Reabsorption

Question 27

What thing will produce a positive result on the blood portion of a urine reagent strip

Answer 27

Myoglobin Intact RBC Hemoglobin

Question 28

What are the functions of the kidney

Answer 28

Regulate acid base Regulate fluid volume Produce hormone Filter blood Regulate blood pressure

Question 29

Increased proteinuria can indicate

Answer 29

Kidney disease

Question 30

What crystals can normally be found in the urine of horses and rabbits

Answer 30

Calcium carbonate

Question 31

Aldosterone does what with sodium and potassium

Answer 31

Reabsorb sodium and water and secrete potassium

Question 32

Describe what struvite crystals look like

Answer 32

Coffin shaped

Question 33

What test yields important information on what the kidneys are secreting

Answer 33

Chemistry strip

Question 34

Which urine crystal is commonly associated with ethylene glycol toxicity in small animals

Answer 34

Calcium oxalate

Question 35

Which type of crystal gives equine urine it’s milky appearance

Answer 35

Calcium carbonate

Question 36

Which crystal typically appears to be flag and has six sides

Answer 36

Cystine

Question 37

Crystals most commonly seen with severe liver disease

Answer 37

Ammonium biurate

Question 38

What are Uroliths

Answer 38

Stones composed of various minerals that are found anywhere in the urinary tract