Urinary

Question 1

removes metabolic wastes and excess biochemicals; excretes foreign substances; pair of kidneys and ureters, urinary bladder and urethra

Answer 1

urinary system

Question 2

enclosed by tough fibrous capsule (tunic fibrosa); with renal fascia and fat

Answer 2

kidneys

Question 3

functions of kidnes

Answer 3

filtration, reabsorption, secretion

Question 4

talks plasma(~180L a day) and takes 1-2%; glomerular capillaries

Answer 4

glomerular filtration

Question 5

hollow camber in medial depression that houses the hilum

Answer 5

renal sinus

Question 6

entrance to sinus; pass blood vessels, nerves, lymph vessels, ureter

Answer 6

hilum

Question 7

superior to ureter; funnel shaped sac, directs urine from kidney to ureter; formed by convergence of 2-3 major calyces formed by 7-20 minor calyces (renal papillae)

Answer 7

renal pelvis

Question 8

composed of conical masses (renal pyramids); striated

Answer 8

renal medulla

Question 9

forms shell around medulla; forms renal columns between renal pyramids

Answer 9

renal cortex

Question 10

fibrous membrane surrounds cortex, helps maintain shape; protective

Answer 10

renal capsule

Question 11

functional units of kidney (1 million per kidney); responsible for urine formation; consists of renal corpuscle and renal tubule

Answer 11

nephrons

Question 12

from aorta; transport blood to kidneys (15-30% of total cardiac output)

Answer 12

renal arteries

Question 13

risen from renal a.; pass between renal pyramids

Answer 13

interlobar a

Question 14

vascular smooth muscle cells in the wall of the afferent tubule

Answer 14

juxtaglomerular cells

Question 15

with macula dense, helps with the secretion of renin

Answer 15

juxtaglomerular cells

Question 16

filters water and other & other small molecules & ions from glomerular cap plasma into glomerular capillaries

Answer 16

glomerular filtration

Question 17

180 L; mostly water, some solutes, glucose, AA, urea, uric acid, creatine, creatinine, sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, bicarb, phosphate, sulfate ions

Answer 17

glomerular filtrate

Question 18

What is the pressure of the filtration with blood inside?

Answer 18

hydrostatic pressure

Question 19

max level of substance is reabsorbed & concentration exceeds threshold, excess is excreted in urine

Answer 19

renal plasma threshold

Question 20

the ability of an organ or tissue to maintain a constant blood flow under certain filtration rate where arterial BP is changing

Answer 20

auto regulation

Question 21

rate at which a chemical is removed from plasma

Answer 21

renal clearance