Urinary

Question 1

Does the renal cortex in a pediatric kidney appears hyperechoic or hypoechoic to an adult kidney?

Answer 1

Hyperechoic

Question 2

m/c bening renal lesion

Answer 2

Adenoma

Question 3

adenomas are…

Answer 3

adenocarcinoma counter part, highly vascular

Question 4

most common place for RCC to metastasize is the ..

Answer 4

lungs

Question 5

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is located in the..

Answer 5

renal SINUS (as a hypoechoic mass to the sinus)

Question 6

most common predisposing factor for xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is

Answer 6

chronic infection of the UPJ and staghorm calculus’

Question 7

emphysematous pyelonephritis is most common in

Answer 7

patients with diabetes

Question 8

SF of ATN is normally

Answer 8

normal

Question 9

outermost layer surrounding kidney

Answer 9

gerotas fascia

Question 10

renal cortez is usually hypo or hyper to liver/spleen

Answer 10

hypo

Question 11

what is the upper limit RI value that’s considered normal for an adult kidney?

Answer 11

0.7

Question 12

Berry aneurysms can be seen with which renal pathology?

Answer 12

ADPKD

Question 13

risk RCC is increased with which types of pathologies

Answer 13

multiple cystic pathologies, von hippel lindau, tuberous sclerosis, diabetics on dialysis

Question 14

creatinine is elevated with

Answer 14

obstruction, renal failure, chronic nephritis

Question 15

what is contained within the renal sinus

Answer 15

major and minor calyces, peripelvic fat, fibrous tissues, seg- mental arteries, segmental veins, lymphatics, and part of the renal pelvis.

The renal artery, renal vein, and ureter are located in the renal hilum. Perinephric fat surrounds the kidney.

Question 16

painless hematuria suggests…

Answer 16

RCC

Question 17

what layer of bladder contains the rugae/folds?

Answer 17

mucosa

Question 18

m/c cause of bladder outlet syndrome in kids

Answer 18

posterior urethral valves

Question 19

ectopic ureters often insert…

Answer 19

medially, lower towards base of bladder

Question 20

the most common cause of reversible renal failure is?

Answer 20

acute tubular necrosis

Question 21

the renal pathology that occurs from a snake bite is?

Answer 21

acute cortical necrosis

Question 22

an allergic reaction to antibiotics, causing enlarged and echogenic kidneys describes?

Answer 22

acute interstitial nephritis

Question 23

leading cause of chronic renal failure is?

Answer 23

diabetes

Question 24

hypoechoic, low level mass within the renal pelvis describes

Answer 24

TCC

Question 25

this renal neoplasm rarely invades the renal vein/IVC

Answer 25

TCC

Question 26

ureteroceles are often seen with

Answer 26

duplex kidneys

Question 27

What pathology usually results from and ascending UTI?

Answer 27

pyelonephritis

Question 28

in a kidney transplant, the main renal artery is usually anastomosed to which other vessel?

Answer 28

the EIA

Question 29

which runs anterior to the other? renal vein or renal artery

Answer 29

renal VEIN runs anterior to renal artery

Question 30

what are some clinic signs of ARF

Answer 30

increased BUN and Cr, HTN, oliguria, leukocytosis

Question 31

what causes smokey urine and azotemia

Answer 31

glomerulonephritis