Vascular Flashcards by Amy Longley

the first branch of the SC artery is

vertebrals

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first branch of the ICA is

opthalmic artery

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first branch of the ECA is

superior thyroid

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the ____ artery and the ____ artery of the ECA join with the opthalmic artery of the ICA and can be collaterals

facial, superficial temporal

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Inflow arteries____, outflow arteries___, runoff arteries____

Ao to EIA, CFA to pop, calf

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the CIV and EIV are ___ to the partner artery?

medial

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what vessels are key in BP control?

arterioles

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what vessels are key in autoregulation control?

arterioles

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veins are mostly made of

elastic and collagen

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expanding of large arteries helps….

maintain arteriole pressure

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lots of energy lost at arterioles because (good thing)

the are muscular, not as much stretch

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continuity law

V = Q/A

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bernoullie principle

velocity increases, pressure decreases

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loss of energy required to move blood in opposite direction

intertia

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reynolds number desrcibes

turbulence

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Re >2000 =

turbulence

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Q/flow rate is managed by

arterioles

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during rest, arterioles are

____ and show ____ resistance

vasoconstricted, low resistance

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MAP =

100 mmhg

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inertia is lost…

at the entrance and exit of stenosis - more at exit

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what is crucial for controlling stroke volume and cardiac output

the venous system

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hypotensive with

dehydration, hemorrhage *decrease venous volume

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hypertensive with

transfusion, renal retention *increase venous volume

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hydrostatic pressure while laying down is

negligible

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hight transmural pressure means

pressure inside vein is greater then surrounnding vein, so pressure pushing out, so DISTENDED

low transmural pressure

pressure around vein is greater then in vein so COLLAPSED/ELLIPTICAL vein

edema is a sign of ____ venous pressure

increased

during inspiration

thoracic pressure decreases, abdo pressure increases, venous blood in legs stops (pressure prevents it from coming up into IVC), flow to upper extremities increases

during expxiration

thoracic pressure increases, abdo pressure decreases, flow in legs continues, flow in upper extremities decrease

DVT is more likely to be dislodge....

in the calfs - b/c calf muscle pump

if you see a popliteal aneurysm..

likely on in aorta too

two other names for balloon angioplasty

TLD, PTA

EVAR's treat

AAA

autogenous means

own native vein used

fabric/woven graft type

dacron

RINDs last

24-72 hours

what is a significant risk factor for an embolic event?

atrial fibrilation

carotid territory symptoms affect the ___ side

opposite

cant talk

aphasia

can speak but doesnt make sense

dysphagia

weakness

paresis

numbness

paraesthesia

problem with moving tongue/lips/muscles

dysarthria

iscemia of eye

amaurosis fugax

amaurosis fugas happens on the ___ side

same

loss of balance

ataxia

subclavian artery usually has a _____ waveform

high resistant/triphasic

only ___% of TIAs are from carotid plaque

DR % reduction equation (A = ___, B=___)

A-B/A x100 A = distal to stenosis B = in stenosis

DR measurement is or is not routinely done on US?

NOT

Area reduction is good for (conncentric, or non-connentric) narrowing

non-conncentric

__ has the highest diastolic velocty

ICA (DIAstolic)

tardus parvus has ___ SAT

long

50-69% DR = ___ cm/s, Ratio = ___

125, 2-4

70% DR =___cm/s, ratio =___

230, >4.0

the ratio is ___/___

ICA over CCA

surgery recommended for

70-99% stenosis and SYMPTOMATIC

marginal benefit of surgery with a ____ % stenosis

50-69

must look closely with ICA occlusion - why

if still trickle flow may do surgery, use power - wall thump artifact from ECA can make it seem like flow in ICA occlusion

occlusion of the ___ vertebral artery is uncommon

mid

if bilaterally high resistant vertebral arteries, means ______

basilar artery stenosis

___ side is more affected by subclavian steals

left

SS of subclavian steal

often asymptomatic, decreased brachial pressures

advanced bunny sign indicates

partial steal

treatment for asymptomatic subclavian steal

none

dissections associated with which syndromes?

marfans, ehlers-danlos

flow in false lumen of dissection will be

high resistant

to and fro flow is found most commonly in ___ but also with ___

pseudoaneurysm, dissection

string of beads appearance

fibromuscular dysplasia

carotid body tumors are classfied as ___

paraganglions

blood flow in carotid body tumour

lots of flow - no biopsy, low resistance

pulseless disease

takayasu's arteritis

narrowing within the first 24 months of carotid endarterectomy is mostly caused by

neointimal hyperplasia

Stenosis with a stent: 50% stenosis = ____cm/s, and ratio ___

220, 2.7

Stenosis with a stent: 80% stenosis = ____cm/s, and ratio ___

340, 4.15

blood thinner medication given first ___, second____

heparin, coumadin

a venous hum means

there is a proximal venous obstruction

++ pulsatile flow in veins means

CHF

CVC usually inserted in the

SCV or IJV

PICC usually inserted in the

brachial

what upper extremity veins do not get compressed?

the proximal IJV, SCV, BCV

Vascular Flashcards

(81 cards)