Urinary, Post Abdominal Wall/Pelvic cavity etc. Flashcards
(219 cards)
1
Q
What are the 4 components of the urinary system?
A
Kidney
Ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra
2
Q
What is the function of the urinary system?
A
Waste elimination
Blood pressure, electrolytes, pH, blood volume, metabolite regulation
RBC formation by kidney
Calcitriol (vitD) Synthesis
3
Q
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
A
Nephron
4
Q
What calyces surround the apices of the renal pyramids? (4-13 in number)
A
MINOR calyces
5
Q
What calyces represent the confluence of several minor calyces? (2-3 in number)
A
MAJOR calyces
6
Q
What is the concavity of the kidney/ contains the calyces, vessels, nerves, lymphatics and fat
A
Renal sinus
7
Q
______ are retroperitoneal and embedded in a variable amount of fat
A
The kidneys
8
Q
What divides the renal fat into 2 portions?
A
Renal fascia
9
Q
What are the 2 portions of renal fascia?
A
Pararenal fat
Perirenal fat
10
Q
What is the fat outside the renal fascia?
A
pararenal fat
11
Q
What is the fat between the renal fascia and the kidney?
A
Perirenal fat
12
Q
What is located between T12 and L2/L3 in the supine position?
A
The kidneys
13
Q
____ kidney is slightly lower than the _____ due to what?
A
Right; left; the liver
14
Q
In both male and females what crosses the bifurcation of the common iliac artery at the pelvic brim?
A
Pelvic portion of ureters
15
Q
More specifically in females what passes under the broad ligament?
A
Pelvic portion of ureters
16
Q
what is responsible for drainage of urine during fetal development?
A
Urachus
17
Q
Where does the urachus terminate?
A
at the belly button/naval
18
Q
what lies posteriorly to pubic symphysis, rising when empty to approximately the level of the pelvic inlet (brim)
A
Bladder
19
Q
What are the 4 surfaces of the bladder?
A
Superior
(2) inferolateral
Posterior (base)
20
Q
What is the portion of the bladder at the junction of the inferolateral and superior surface.
The Median ligament and umbilical ligament arise here and extends to the umbilicus.
A
Apex of bladder
21
Q
Uretrs enter here
A
Superior-lateral angles of bladder
22
Q
Junction of inferolateral and posterior surfaces; surrounds internal urethral orifice; sits upon pelvic diaphragm (female) and the base of prostate(male).
A
Neck of bladder
23
Q
Internal urethral sphincter/sphincter viscerae constrict the internal urethral orifice at what part of the bladder?
A
Neck of the bladder
24
Q
Potential space between bladder and pubic bones; Its filled with C.T.
A
Retropubic space
25
What space is between bladder and rectum in males?
Rectovesical pouch
26
Between bladder and uterus in females
Vesicouterine pouch
27
Made of smooth muscle, "Detrusor Muscle"
Muscular wall of bladder
28
Internal triangular area located on the posterior wall, between the orifices of the ureters superiorly, and the internal urethral orifice inferiorly
Vesical Trigone
29
What are the 2 parts of the Vesical Trigone?
Interureteric ridge (fold)
Trigonal muscle
30
Forms the superior border of the trigone muscle between ureteric orifices
Interureteric ridge
31
A special layer of smooth muscle associated with the trigone muscle
Trigonal muscle
32
Derived from the longitudinal smooth muscle of the ureters
Trigonal muscle
33
Capacity of the bladder is what?
Approx. 500mL without over distention
34
What is the physiological capacity of the bladder (urge to pee is felt when)?
200-350 mL
35
What muscle is responsible for the expansion of the bladder?
Detrouser muscle
36
What arteries supply the bladder?
Superior, middle and inferior vesical arteries
37
What is the path of venous drainage?
Dense venous plexus around base and neck of bladder, vagina, and prostate vesical-vaginal plexus --> internal iliac vein vesical prostatic plexus --> internal iliac vein --> common iliac vein
38
What is the nerve supply from pelvic splanchnics (motor to smooth muscle)
Parasympathetic (carries both symp and para symp, ACh and Epinephrine)
39
What is the nerve supply for primary course from hypogastric plexus (vasoconstriction)
Sympathetics
40
Extends from internal urethral orifice at neck of bladder TO external urethral orifice in vestibule of labia minora (opens directly to anterior to vagina orifice)
Female urethra
41
Deep to perineal space, it is surrounded by the external urethral sphincter (sphincter urethrae) - Voluntary
Female urethra
42
Extends from internal urethral orifice at neck of bladder to external urethral meatus at glans penis
Male urethra
43
Has multipurpose: voids bladder, ejaculation
Male urethra
44
What are the 4 parts of the male urethra
Pre-prostatic urethra
Prostatic urethra
Membranous urethra
Penile (spongy) urethra
45
What is the flow of urine?
Nephron --> collecting duct --> Minor calyces --> major calyces --> Ureter --> Bladder --> urethra
46
What is the muscle activated during a kegal?
Transversus abdominis (NI = Iliohypogastric)
47
Psoas minor isn't involved in what and why?
Hip flexion because it doesn't cross the hip. Its a weak trunk flexor.
48
Runs on anterior surface of QL. It communicates with iliohypogastric N and also innervates pyramidalis and skin over the hip. What nerve is this?
T12/Subcostal Nerve
49
What two nerves combined create the L1 nerve?
Iliohypogastric (largest of the 2)
Ilioinguinal
50
Internal and transverse abdomen. Skin over lateral gluteal region.
Usually pierces transverse abdomen and splits between that muscle and internal oblique. What nerve is this?
Iliohypogastric
51
Follows similar path as iliohypogastric n.
Skin over root of penis, upper part of scrotum (m), skin over mons pubis and labia majora. What nerve is this?
Ilioinguinal
52
Anterolateral skin of thigh and gets entrapped at meralgia paresthetica
Lateral femoral cutaneous N (L2,3)
53
What are the two branches of the genitofemoral N
Genital branch and femoral branch
54
Passes through deep inguinal ring to inguinal canal.
Males - cremaster mm, skin of scrotum
Females - travels with round lig of uterus --> skin of mons, labia majora.
What nerve/branch is this?
Genital branch of genitofemoral n
55
Passes under inguinal lig --> skin of upper, anterior medial thigh, inside groin.
What nerve/branch is this?
Femoral branch of genitofemoral n
56
Inner walls of the true (minor) pelvis are partially lined by what skeletal muscle?
Obturator internus and Piriformis
57
The levator ani arises in part from what line?
Arcus tendineus
58
Floor of pelvis is formed by skeletal mm termed the ___________
Pelvic diaphragm
59
What are the pelvis diaphragm components?
Levator ani MM
- Pubococcygeus
- Puborectalis
- iliococcygeus
(Ischio-)Coccygeus Muscle
60
what muscle is innervated by branches of the pudendal plexus, containing S4 fibers;
Levator Ani Muscles
61
What muscle is Anterior to rectum, left and right portions are separated from each other by a bridge of connective tissue: The urethra of both sexes and vagina of the female pass through this connective tissue
Pubic bone —> coccyx
Pubococcygeus
62
What muscle is the most medial part of the pubococcygeus; forms a sling around the anorectal junction, thus drawing the junction forward. Relaxes w a squatty potty
Puborectalis
63
What muscle goes from arcus tendineus --> coccyx
Iliococcygeus
64
The blood vessels of the pelvis are all derived from what? with what exceptions?
Internal iliac artery and vein
Exceptions: middle sacral and superior rectal arteries
65
The smallest of the two terminal branches of the common iliac. Arises at the level of lumbosacral articulations. Descends into the pelvis along the posterolateral wall to upper border of the piriformis mm. Here divides into anterior and posterior trunks. What artery is this?
Internal iliac (hypogastric) artery
66
What are the 3 parts of the Posterior Trunk of Internal Iliac --> Parietal branches to pelvic wall
Iliolumbar artery
Lateral sacral arteries
Superior Gluteal artery
67
Ascending behind the common iliac to the medial border of the psoas muscle where ____ divides into lumbar branch --> psoas and QL - iliac branch --> iliacus
Iliolumbar artery
68
Descends along the sacrum medial to the anterior sacral foramina giving off branches which enter these foramina to supply the structures of the vertebral canal, then continue on through the posterior sacral foramina to supply the skin of muscles of the dorsal sacrum. What artery is this?
Lateral sacral arteries
69
The terminal continuation of the posterior trunk. It leaves the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis muscle --> Piriformis, obturator internus, all gluteal muscles and hip joint. Meets with superior gluteal nerve. What artery is this?
Superior gluteal artery
70
Visceral branches of the pelvic cavity descending from its origin along the lateral pelvic wall, the anterior trunk gives off all the pelvic visceral branches
Anterior trunk of internal iliac artery
71
Anterior trunk of internal iliac artery gives off what branches
Obturator artery
Vaginal artery
Umbilical artery
Uterine artery
Middle Vesicle artery
Middle rectal
Inferior Vesical artery
Inferior Gluteal artery
Internal Pudendal artery
Superior vesicle artery
72
Inside pelvis --> iliacus, bladder, pubis outside pelvis --> leaves pelvis via obturator canal --> medial compartment muscles and hip joint. What artery is this?
Obturator artery
73
Has superior vesical artery and middle vesicle artery branches that both go to the bladder
Umbilical artery
74
Artery going to the vagina
Vaginal Artery
75
What vein participates in the formation of the ascending lumbar vein of the abdominal region?
Iliolumbar vein.
76
What allows the spread of blood-borne infections or metastatic tumor cells directly to the spinal column and the bony pelvis from the pelvic viscera?
Well developed connections between the visceral veins of the pelvis
77
The anastomotic channels premit collateral circulation to the pelvic viscera in the event of an occlusion of the ________
Internal iliac artery
78
Cruciate anastomosis of the lower extremity involves:
Inferior gluteal artery
The 1st perforating branch of the profunda femoris
Lat. and med.femoral circumflex arteries
79
Diamond shaped area between the thighs, extending from the pubis to the coccyx. Bound by both bony and ligamentous structure.
The perineum
80
What are the ligamentous structures the peritoneum are bound by?
Pubis - anteriorly
Ischiopubic rami and ischial tuberosities - anterolateral
Coccyx and caudal part of sacrum - posteriorly
Sacrotuberous ligaments - from sacrum to ischial tuberosities, posteriorly
81
Superiorly, the perineum is seperated from the pelvic cavity by what?
Pelvic diaphragm
82
The diamond shaped perineum can be divided into what two triangles?
Anal triangle
Urogenital triangle
83
Lying posterior to an imaginary line passing through the ischial tuberosity
Anal triangle
84
The area anterior to an imaginary line passing through the ischial tuberosities
Urogenital triangle
85
Boundaries of the anal triangle
Posterolateral - sacrotuberous lig
Anterior - imaginary line passing through the ischial tuberosities
Superior - inferior aspect of pelvic diaphragm
Lateral walls - obturator internus muscle
Inferior - skin and superficial fascia of perineum
86
The spaces within the bony and muscular limits of the anal triangle are the __________
Ischioanal fossae
87
voluntary skeletal muscle surrounding the anal canal and extending from the lower surface of the levator ani to the inferior limit of the anal canal
External anal sphincter
88
What are the 3 layers of the external anal sphincter?
Subcutaneous fibers
Superficial fibers
Deep fibers
89
main part, originates from the anococcygeal raphe, splits to enclose the anal canal, then inserts into the perineal body/central tendon of the perineum.
Superficial fibers of the external anal sphincter
90
Completely encircle the anal canal, fibers blend with puborectalis superiorly
Deep fibers of the external anal sphincter
91
What fibers are the most important component of the external anal sphincter?
Deep fibers
92
Vessels of the anal triangle are derived from the _______________
Internal pudendal artery and vein
93
The vessels leave the pelvis by passing through the greater sciatic foramen, then dorsally cross the ischial spine and pass through the lesser sciatic foramen. At this point they are located high on the lateral wall of the anal triangle, within the pudendal canal. What vessels are these?
Vessels of the anal triangle
94
A fascial canal formed by the splitting of the obturator fascia. The nerves and vessels of the anal and UG regions transverse this canal to attain their respective areas.
Pudendal (alcocks) canal
95
what artery passes through the anal region and gives off the inferior rectal artery and perineal artery?
Internal pudendal artery
96
Arises almost immediately after the internal pudendal artery and enters the canal, passes through the ischioanal fossa to external anal sphincter, anal canal, and skin about the anal orfice
inferior rectal artery
97
what artery gives rise to the transverse perineal artery, posterior scrotal/posterior labial artery?
Perineal artery
98
Arises from internal pudendal near the posterior edge of the perineal membrane
Perineal artery
99
To anterior anal region and superficial transverse perineal muscle
Transverse perineal artery
100
Artery to respective regions of external genitalia
Posterior scrotal/labial artery
101
After giving off these branches, the _________________ then continues into the anterior recess of the UG triangle. It later enters the deep perineal space and ends by dividing into deep and dorsal arteries of the clitoris or penis.
Internal pudendal artery
102
From its origin in the pelvis to the pudendal canal, this nerve follows essentially the same course as the internal pudendal vessels.
pudendal nerve (s2-s4)
103
What are the 2 major nerve branches the pudendal nerve gives off?
Inferior rectal nerve and perineal nerve
104
What nerve passes through the ischioanal fossa to external anal sphincter, skin aound anal orifice and clinical anal canal (area below pectinate line)
Inferior rectal nerve
105
Perineal nerve gives off what 2 nerve branches?
Posterior labial/scrotal nerve and deep branches
106
Nerve to the labium majora and scrotum
Posterior labial/scrotal nerve
107
Nerve to skin of posterior part of anal triangle. It may also contribute to motor innervation of the external anal sphnicter
Perineal branch of S4
108
To the lateral most aspect of the anal and UG regions and upper medial aspect of the thighs
Perineal branches of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
109
Occupies the anterior portion of the perineum, being bounded anteriorly by the pubis, laterally by ischiopubic rami, and posteriorly by an imaginary line passing through the ischial tuberosities
Urogenital triangle
110
Sheet of tough, deep fascia extending between the two ischiopubic rami, from the pubis anteriorly to the ischial tuberosities posteriorly.
The perineal membrane
111
Anteriorly the _____________ does not extend all the way to the symphysis pubis.
The Perineal membrane
112
In the perineal membrane there is a slight gap between the _____________ and ______________.
Transverse perineal ligament and the inferior (arcuate) pubic ligament.
113
What vein enters the pelvis through the slight gap between the transverse perineal lig. and inferior (arcuate) pubic lig.?
The deep dorsal vein of the clitoris/penis
114
Space located above the perineal membrane filled with skeletal muscle and is open superiorly
Deep perineal space/pouch
115
What two muscles make up the muscles of the Deep perineal space/pouch
External urethral sphincter and Deep transverse perineal muscles
116
Surrounding the membranous urethra. In females there are additional subdivisions of this muscle
External urethral sphincter
117
muscle making up the posterior portion of the deep perineal space
Deep transverse perineal muscle
118
Embedded within the external urethral sphincter and/or deep transverse perineal muscles of the male are the
Bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands
119
The presence of the deep perineal fascia creates _______________
The superficial perineal space
120
Whe superficial perineal space (pouch) is bounded by:
Superiorly - Perineal membrane
Inf. and posteriorly - Deep perineal fascia
Laterally - ischiopubic rami
Anteriorly - by attachment of deep perineal fascia to pubic bone
121
The penis is formed by the union of what 3 masses of erectile tissue arising in the UG triangle?
2 corpora cavernosa and 1 corpus spongiosum
122
lying in the midline, adherent to the perineal membrane. Its most posterior part, the bulb, receives the urethra and remains open during sex.
Corpus Spongiosum
123
Forming the crura of the penis. These bodies arise from the ischiopubic rami and adjacent perineal membrane. Makes the penis hard/ridgid during sex
Corpora Cavernosa
124
In addition to the attachment via the bulb and the crura, the penis is also supported by the ___________ and ____________
Suspensory ligament and fundiform ligament
125
Derived from the deep fascia of the lower abdomen; arises just inferior to the lower end of the linea alba and inserts into the deep fascia of the penis
Suspensory ligament
126
Derived from the deep layer of the superficial fascia (Scarpas fascia) of the abdomen; it passes lateral to the suspensory ligament and inserts into the dorsum and sides of the superficial fascia of the pensi
Fundiform ligament
127
Arise from the ischial tuberosities, insert onto and support the perineal body
Suspensory ligament and fundiform ligament
128
Arising from the perineal body and perineal membrane. Most of the fibers insert on a midline raphe on the ventral surface of the corpus spongiosum. The most anteriorly placed fibers swing anteriorly and laterally to encircle the penis. What muscle is this?
Bulbospongiosus muscle
129
The action of this muscle is to remove urine and ejaculate from the urethra of the bulb; in addition, t also impedes venous return from the bulb, thus assisting in erection of the penis. What muscle is this?
Bulbospongiosus muscle
130
This muscle arises from the ischiopubic rami and surrounding the free surfaces of the cavernous bodies. They insert into the respective cavernous bodies just before their union anteriorly. These muscles impede venous return from the crura, thereby assisting in erection of the penis.
Ischiocavernosus muscle
131
_______ is about 1 inch in length and is bent sharply downward and backward upon itself. It is buried in skin and is attached to the pubic symphysis by the suspensory ligament
The clitoris
132
The clitoris is formed by the union of 3 masses of erectile tissue arising from the UG triangle. What are the 3 masses?
Vestibular bulbs (x1) Corpora Cavernosa (x2)
133
These lie on both sides of the vaginal orifice at the base of the labia majora. Homologous to the bulb of the corpus spongiosum
Vestibular bulbs
134
Anteriorly the vestibular bulbs are united by small thread like extensions called what?
pars intermedia
135
Deep to the dorsal ends of the vestibular bulbs are the greater vestibular glands and the ducts to these glands open where?
They open into the vestibule (area between the labia minora) on each side of the vagina, specifically in the groove between the hymen and the labia minora
136
The greater vestibular glands do what?
Provide lubrication during coitus (sex)
137
Forming the crura of the clitoris
Corpora Cavernosa (x2)
138
Associated with the clitoris are two things, what are they?
Prepuse and suspensory ligament
139
Sometimes termed the "hood of the clitoris". Its formed by the lateral folds of the labia minora meeting over the glans of the clitoris.
Prepuse
140
Originates from the deep fascia over the lower abdomen; it arises just inferior to the lower end of the linea alba and inserts into fascia of the clitoris.
Suspensory ligament of the clitoris
141
The muscular elements associated with the erectile tissue of the female are:
Bulbospongiosus muscle and ischiocavernosus muscles
142
Arising from the perineal body. It is divided into right and left portions by the pudendal cleft. Each portion covers the vestibular bulb of the respective side and inserts anteriorly into the dorsum of the body of the clitoris and perineal membrane
Bulbospongiosus muscle
143
Arising from the ischiopubic rami. They cover the respective corpora cavernosa and insert into the pubic arch and crura of the clitoris.
ischiocavernosus muscle
144
Both the bulbospongiosus and the ischiocavernosus muscles act to impede what?
Venous return from the erectile tissue assisting in erection of the clitoris
145
__________________________ are a third pair of muscles on the inferior surface of the perineal membrane. These are located along the posterior edge of the perineal membrane. They arise from ischial tuberosities, insert onto the perineal body of the perineum, and act to support perineal body. What pair of muscles is this?
Superficial transverse perineal muscles
146
This structure is larger and more prominent in the female. It recieves the attachment of muscular components: External anal sphincter, superficial transverse perineal, bulbospongiosus, and deep trasnverse perineal muscles. What structure is this?
Perineal body/central tendon: also called the perineum of the obstetrician
147
Covers the superficial transverse perineal, bulbospongiosus, and ischiocavernosus muscles.
Deep perineal fascia
148
Superficial perineal fascia consists of what two layers?
Superficial layer and deep layer
149
The terminal branches of the internal pudendal artery are:
Deep artery to the clitoris/penis --> corpora cavernosa
Dorsal artery of the clitoris/penis --> pierces the perineal membrane and continues forward to reach the dorsal surface of the penis/clitoris.
150
Corresponds closely to the arteries. Exceptions is the deep dorsal vein to penis/clitoris. This is a single midline vein lying deep to the deep fascia of the penis/clitoris.
Venous
151
Pudendal nerve (S2-S4) gives these 2 branches to the UG area
Perineal nerve and Dorsal nerve of clitoris/penis
152
Perineal nerve from the pudendal nerve gives these two addition branches
Posterior labial/scrotal nerves - run in superficial perineal space to labia majora/scrotum
Deep branches - To muscles and other structures of the UG region
153
What is the nerve to corpora cavernosa and to skin of clitoris/penis
Dorsal nerve of clitoris/penis
154
Labia majoras homologous structure
Scrotum
155
Bulbs of the vestibule homologous structure
Corpora spongiosa
156
Subcutaneous smooth muscle of the labia majora homologous structure
Dartos muscle of scrotum
157
Labia minora homologous structure
Spongy urethra
158
Bartholin's gland/ Greater vestibular homologous structure
Cowper's gland/bulbourethral
159
Crura homologous structure
Crus of penis
160
Clitoris homologous structure
Penis
161
Clitoral hood's homologous structure
Foreskin
162
Clitoral glans homologous structure
Glans penis
163
Skene's glands homologous structure
Prostate gland
164
Ovary homologous structure
Testis
165
Mesentery which suspends the ovary from the posterior surface of the broad ligament and has two additional parts.
Mesovarium
166
What are the two additional attachments associated with the ovary?
Suspensory ligament of the ovary and (round) ligament of the ovary
167
Peritoneal fold which attaches to the upper (tubal) end of the ovary. It contains the ovarian vessels
Suspensory ligament of the ovary
168
Extends from the lower (uterine) end of the ovary to the lateral border of the uterus. Its homologous with the gubernaculum of the male
(Round) ligament of the ovaries
169
The surface of the ______ is NOT covered by peritoneum; therefore, it is exposed to the peritoneal cavity.
Ovary
170
Extends from the uterus to the ovaries, about 4" in length and are located in the superior free edges of the broad ligaments.
Uterine tubes/Fallopian tube/Ovaduct
171
Funnel shaped terminal end; contains fimbriae
Infundibulum
172
Broad, thin-walled segment which makes up the greatest part of the tube
Ampulla
173
A thick-walled segment with a somewhat constricted lumen
Isthmus
174
Transverses the uterine wall
Interstitial (uterine portion/ Intramural
175
Thick walled, muscular, pear-shaped organ interposed between the rectum and the bladder. Its about 2" at its widest point and about 3" in length.
Uterus
176
Largest portion, somewhat flattened (anterior and posterior walls oppose each other)
Body of uterus
177
Part of the body which projects above the level of the uterine tubes
Fundus of uterus
178
Part of the body which is located below the level of the uterine tubes - located inside the body is the triangular uterine cavity (lined by endometrium)
Body proper
179
Extends from the lateral border of the uterus (immediately below the uterine tubes), runs through the broad ligament, transverses the inguinal canal, and terminates in the subcutaneous tissue of the labia majora
Round ligament of uterus
180
The _______________ represents the lower part of the homologue of the male gubernaculum. Is a continuation of the ovarian ligament.
Round ligament of the uterus
181
Caudal portion of uterus which projects into the anterior wall of the vagina
Cervix
182
The constricted junction of the body and the cervix. This is the "lower uterine segment" of the obstetrician. It is the part of the cervix which dilates during pregnancy
Isthmus
183
At the apex of the cervix = opening of the uterus into vagina
Uterine ostium
184
Groove between vagina wall and cervix
Vaginal fornix
185
Tilted forward from the vagina so that the axes of the two organs are NOT parallel
Anteverted
186
The body itself is slightly curved, with the concavity facing anteriorly and inferiorly
Anteflexed
187
A thin-walled, elastic-like tube extending from the cervix of the uterus to the vaginal orifice
Vagina
188
The _______ projects into the anterior wall of the vagina
Cervix
189
The internal end of the vagina represents the ___________
Posterior fornix
190
Inner folds, surrounds opening of vagina, Unite to form the clitoral hood anteriorly, Contribute to lubrication (Bartholin gland) and stimulation during intercourse
Labia Minora
191
Outer and inner portions (inner portion smooth, sebaceous glands) Meet below mons pubis anteriorly, areolar tissues, fat, tissue similiar to dartos tunic of scrotum
Labia Majora
192
What is the pathway of ovum(egg) from secretion to vestibule (6-8 days)
Egg bubble burst -->
fimbriae -->
ovaduct/fallopian tube/uterine tube -->
infundibulum -->
ampula -->
Isthmus -->
Uterine tube -->
Uterus -->
Body -->
Cervix -->
Vagina -->
Vestibule
193
Extension of the posterior sheet of peritoneum. It provides support for the ovary
Mesovarium
194
The upper portion of the broad ligament immediately adjacent to the uterine tube and above the attachment of the mesovarium
Mesosalpinx
195
The major part of the broad ligament. It extends from the lateral margin of the uterus to the lateral pelvic wall
Mesometrium
196
What are the 3 components that form the broad ligament?
Mesovarium
Mesosalpinx
Mesometrium
197
Peritoneal pouch between the uterus and bladder
Vesicouterine pouch
198
Peritoneal pouch between uterus and rectum
Rectouterine pouch (Douglas pouch)
199
Lies in the upper, lateral margin of the rectouterine pouch. It extends from the middle of the sacrum to the isthmus of the uterus
Uterosacral/sacrouterine ligament
200
What does female ejaculate contain/come from?
Comes from Skene glands + Bartole glands + paraurethral glands
Contains water, urea, creatine, uric acid
201
Contains dartos muscle and fascia; produces a ridged appearance in skin when contracted
Dartos tunic
202
Testis covered anteriorly and laterally by a peritoneal sac termed the _________
Tunica vaginalis
203
From aponeurosis of external oblique
External spermatic fascia
204
From internal oblique msucle
Cremaster muscle and fascia
205
From transversalis fascia
Internal spermatic fascia
206
Forms capsule of testis (Dense connective tissue)
Tunica albuginea
207
Testis is divided into lobules by fibrous septa from tunica albuginea's mediastinum testis. Each lobule contains what?
Seminiferous tubules
208
Where does sperm production begin?
Seminiferous tubules
209
From the epididymus, it passes through the inguinal canal to enter retroperitoneally, the lower abdomen - travels posterior to bladder - ampulla
Ductus (vas) deferens
210
Begins at the junction of ductus deferens with duct to seminal vesicle, passes through prostate gland and opens into prostatic urethrea
Ejaculatory duct
211
Part of urethra that passes through prostate
Prostatic urethra
212
Shortest part, passes through the deep perineal space/pouch and surrounded by the external urethral sphincter
Membranous urethra
213
Longest part, passes through the corpus spongiosum of penis
Penile urethra
214
Dilation of penile urethra in glans penis
Fossa navicularis
215
Opening to exterior surface
External urethral orifice
216
Embedded in the deep perineal space/pouch but the ducts open into the penile urethra
Bulbourethral (cowper's) glands
217
Secretes a clear viscud, mucoid substance to lubricate the urethra
Bulbourethral (cowpers) glands
218
Open into the caudal ends of the ductus (vas) deferens via ejaculatory duct
Seminal vesicles
219
Produce a yellowish, thick, sticky mucoid secretion high in fructose
Seminal vesicles
