Urinary Pretest Flashcards
(21 cards)
5 functions of urinary system
• Elimination of waste products
• Regulation of blood volume and pressure.
• Regulation of the concentration of solutes in the blood.
• Regulation of red blood cell synthesis.
• Regulation of vitamin D synthesis.
Organs of the urinary system
•Kidneys
•Ureters
• Urinary bladder
•Urethra
•Against the dorsal body wall
•At the level of T12 to L3
• The right kidney is slightly lower than the left
•Attached to ureters, renal blood vessels, and nerves at renal hilus
Kidneys
Top of each kidneys is an
Adrenal gland
REGIONS OF THE KIDNEY
• the outer region
Renal Cortex
REGIONS OF THE KIDNEY
• inside the cortex
Renal Medulla
REGIONS OF THE KIDNEY
• renal collecting tube
Renal Pelvis
•triangular regions of tissue in the medulla
Medullary pyramids
• extensions of cortex-like material inward
Renal Columns
• cup-shaped structures that funnel urine towards the renal pelvis
Calyces
•The structural and functional units of the kidneys
•Responsible for forming urine
Nephrons
•Main structures of the nephrons
•renal tubule
• glomerulus
•A specialized capillary bed
•Attached to arterioles on both
•Large afferent arteriole
•Narrow efferent arteriole
Glomerulus
It carries blood towards the kidneys
Afferent anteriole
It carries blood away from the kidney
Efferent anteriole
glomerulus sits within a
Glomerular capsule
RENAL TUBULE has 4 parts
• Glomerular (Bowman’s)
capsule
•Proximal convoluted tubule
•Loop of Henle
•Distal convoluted tubule
Types of nephrons
• cortical nephrons
• juxtamedullary nephrons
•Located entirely in the cortex
• Includes most nephrons
Cortical nephrons
• Found at the boundary of the cortex and medulla
Juxtamedullary nephrons
URINE FORMATION PROCESSES
•filtration
•reabsorption
•secretion
