Urinary System Flashcards by Heather Benítez

the nitrogenous waste products released into the bloodstream

urea, creatinine, and uric acid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

why does urinary system remove the waste from the blood

so that they do not accumulate and become harmful

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is urine composed of

water, salt, and acids

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

what are the three organs that urine leaves the body from

ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the small molecules that conduct an electrical charge

sodium and potassium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the body’s ability to maintain an equilibrium within its internal enviroment

homeostasis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Home/o

sameness

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

raises blood pressure to keep blood moving via kidneys

renin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

hormone that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow

erythropoietin (EPO)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

an active form of vitamin D, necessary for the absorption of calcium from the intestines

calciferol

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Where are the kidney located at?

either side of the spine in the lumbar region

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What cushions the kidney for protection

a cushion of adipose fatty tissue, and fibrous connective tissue.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the outer region that means bark of a tree

cortex

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the inner region that means marrow

medulla

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

a depression on the medial border of the kidney, allow blood and nerves to pass via

hilum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

one, of two tubes that carries urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

ureter

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

hollow, muscular sac, temporary reservoir for urine

urinary bladder

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the triangular region at the bladder base that ureters enter and urethra exist

trigone

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

tube that carries urine from urinary bladder to the outside body

urethra

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

external opening of the urethra

urinary meatus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

where does blood enter the kidney

from the aorta, right and left renal arteries

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

smallest arteries

arterioles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

singular, collection of tiny capillaries formed in the shape of a small ball

glomerulus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

the cup-like structure that surround glomerulus

glomerular (bowman) capsule

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What does the walls of the glomeruli prevent from filtering into the urine

large substances like proteins and blood cells

long, twisted tube attached to each glomerular capsule

renal tubule

combination of a glomerulus and renal tubule forms a unit of a

nephron

basin like area in the central part of the kidney

renal pelvis

small cup like region of the renal pelvis

calyces or calices, calyx or calix (singular)

cali/o, calic/o

calyx; cup shaped

cyst/o

urinary bladder

glomerul/o

glomerulus

meat/o

meatus

nephr/o

kidney

pyel/o

renal pelvis

ren/o

kidney

trigon/o

trigone (region of the bladder)

ureter/o

ureter

urethr/o

urethra

vesic/o

urinary bladder

albumin/o

albumin (protein in the blood)

azot/o

nitrogen

bacteri/o

bacteria

dips/o

thirst

kal/o

potassium

ket/o, keton/o

ketone bodies

lith/o

stone

natr/o

sodium

noct/o

night

olig/o

scanty

-poietin

substance that forms

py/o

pus

-tripsy

crushing

ur/o

urine (urea)

urin/o

urine

-uria

urination; urine condition

is the examination of urine to determine the presence of abnormal elements that may indicate various pathologic conditions

urinalysis

normal color of urine

yellow or straw colored

indicates large amount of water in urine

colorless, pale

indicates presence of large amounts of blood

smokey-red or brown color

normal urine should be

clear

indicates urinary tract infection with pyuria and bacteriuria

cloudy or turbid

normal urine is slightly acidic with a ph of

6.5

when is the urine pH alkaline, owing to the actions of bacteria in urine

infections

what is responsible for a positive of protein in the urine, in large amounts

albumin

what indicates sugar in the urine

diabetes mellitus

excess sugar in bloodstream

hyperglycemia

glomerulonephritis

inflammation of the glomeruli within kidneys

interstitial nephritis

inflammation of connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules

nephrolithiasis

kidney stones

nephrotic syndrome nephrosis

group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine

polycystic kidney disease PKD

multiple fluid filled sacs cysts within and on kidney

pyelonephriitis

inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma

renal cell carcinoma

cancerous tumor of kidney in adulthood

renal failure

decrease in excretion of wastes results form impaired filtration function

renal hypertension

high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease

wilms tumor

malignant tumor of the kidney occuring in childhood

bladder cancer

malignant tumor of urinary bladder

diabetes insipidus DI

antidiuretic hormone ADH in not secreted or there is a resistane of the kidney to ADH

diabetes mellitus DM

insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects