Urinary System

Question 1

• ‘Excretory System’
• It filters blood and creates urine as
  a waste by-product.

Divided into two parts

Answer 1

Urinary System

1. Upper urinary system
   * Includes the kidneys and ureters.
2. Lower urinary system
   * Includes the bladder and urethra.

Question 2

How does the Urinary System work?

Answer 2

The body takes nutrients from food and converts them to energy. After the body has taken the food components that it needs, waste products are left behind in the bowel and the blood.

Helps the body to eliminate liquid waste called urea and to keep chemicals, such as potassium,sodium, and water in balance.

Question 3

Produced when foods containing protein, such as meat, poultry, and certain vegetables, are broken down in the body.

Carried in the bloodstream to the kidneys, where it is removed along with water and other wastes in the form of urine.

Answer 3

Urea

Question 4

Urea and Urine are the Same Thing

True or False

Answer 4

False

Both urea and urine are different

Question 5

a nitrogen-containing waste substance that the kidneys clear from the blood and excrete into the urine.

Answer 5

Urea

Question 6

Consists of water, urea, inorganic salts, creatinine, ammonia, and pigmented products.

Answer 6

Urine

Question 7

The organs of the Urinary System include

Answer 7

• Kidneys
• Renal pelvis
• Ureters
• Bladder
• Urethra

Kangaroos Run Under Bright Umbrellas.

Question 8

• They are bean-shaped and
  reddish brown in color.
• They are about the
  size of a clenched fist.

Answer 8

Kidney

Most people have two kidneys, one on either side of the spine under the lower ribs.

Question 9

Functions of a Kidney

Answer 9

• Remove waste products and drugs from the body.
• Balance the body’s fluids
• Release hormones to regulate blood pressure
• Control production of red blood cells

Question 10

Process of how Kidney works

Answer 10

• The kidneys remove urea from the blood through tiny filtering units called nephrons.
• Each nephron consists of a ball formed of small blood
  capillaries, called a glomerulus, and a small tube called a renal tubule.
• Urea, together with water and other waste substances, forms the urine as it passes through the nephrons and down the renal tubules of the kidney.

Question 11

• Enlarged upper end of the ureter, the tube through which urine flows from the kidney to the urinary bladder.

Answer 11

Renal Pelvis

Question 12

Narrow tubes carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

How many tubes are there

Answer 12

Ureters

two ureters - one draining each kidney

Question 13

• Triangle-shaped, hollow organ is located in the lower abdomen.
• Held in place by ligaments that are attached to other organs and the pelvic bones.

Answer 13

Bladder

• The bladder’s walls relax and expand to store urine, and contract and flatten to empty urine through the urethra.
• The typical healthy adult bladder can store up to two cups of urine for two to five hours.

Question 14

Upon examination of the Bladder, specific “landmark” are used to describe the ________ in the bladder

What are these landmarks

Answer 14

Location of any irregularities

1. Trigone
2. Right and left lateral walls
3. Posteriorwall
4. Dome

Question 15

Triangle-shaped region near the junction of the urethra and the bladder

Answer 15

Trigone

Question 16

Walls on either side of the trigone

Answer 16

Right and left lateral walls

Question 17

Back walls

Answer 17

Posterior wall

Question 18

Roof of the bladder

Answer 18

Dome

Question 19

These circular muscles help keep urine from leaking by closing tightly like a rubber band around the opening of the bladder.

Answer 19

Sphincter muscles

Question 20

• This tube allows urine to pass outside the body.

*

Question 21

DISORDERS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

Urinary Tract Infections occur in about 40% of

Answer 21

1. Cystitis
2. Kidney Stones
3. Bladder Cancer
4. Kidney Cancer

Women

Question 21

1. Normal, healthy urine is
2. Darker yellow or honey-colored urine means
3. A darker, brownish color may indicate
4. Pinkish or red urine may mean

Answer 21

1. palestraw or transparent yellow color.
2. you need more water.
3. a liver problem or severe dehydration.
4. blood in the urine

Question 22

• The medical term for inflammation of the bladder.
• Usually caused by bacteria.
• It’s common, particularly in women

Symptoms

Answer 22

Cystitis

• Pain, burning or stinging when you pee
• Needing to pee more often and urgently than usual
• Pee that’s dark, cloudy or strong smelling
• Pain low down in your tummy

Question 23

• Also called Renal Calculi
• These are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys.
• Often, stones form when the urine becomes concentrated, allowing minerals to crystallize and stick together.

Causes

Answer 23

Kidney Stones

• Diet
• Excess body weight
• Medical conditions
• Certain supplements and medications

Question 24

Develops when **cells in your kidneys** change and **grow out of control**. In time, these cells form a mass called a **tumor**. ## Footnote Risk factors

Answer 24

**Kidney Cancer** ## Footnote * Smoking * Being overweight (obese) * High blood pressure